China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16.The re-entry module （返回艙） carrying Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu touched down safely at the designated Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region.This ended the Shenzhou XIII astronauts' six-month space mission.
This return marks a major breakthrough for China's efforts in space.Let's look at some of the technical details of the mission.
Speed record
The mission set a new speed record.The Shenzhou XII return capsule revolved around the Earth 11 times over 24 hours，before returning on Sept 17，2021.This time Shenzhou XIII shortened the time to about 9 hours，orbiting the Earth five times.
The Shenzhou XIII mission was simplified to only five orbits and was designed to return more efficiently，according to the Chinese Academy of Space Technology （CAST）.
This approach required more precise control of the spacecraft and more accurate orbital calculations.This meant that when the spacecraft separated，it could quickly target the landing area，calculate the return path，and adjust its altitude，Wang Ya'nan，editor-in-chief of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine，told the Global Times.
"Having the ability to adopt such a fast return method indicates that China's return technology for manned missions is very mature and reliable，" Wang added.
Temperature control
Another challenge for astronauts returning to Earth is traveling through the atmosphere.After the re-entry capsule enters the atmosphere，there is fierce friction with the air.The surface temperature of the capsule can reach thousands of degrees.
To solve this problem，the researchers designed a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII return capsule.They also laid a layer of ablative material （燒蝕材料） that sublimated （升華） and fell off when the temperature reached a certain level，taking a lot of heat with it，according to People's Daily Online.
Landing
Landing upright is the ideal way to land，ensuring astronauts have the softest landing，Pang Zhihao，a spaceflight researcher in Beijing，told Science and Technology Daily.
（1）What's the purpose of the first paragraph？ AA
A．To introduce the topic of the passage.
B．To introduce Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.
C．To inform readers of the astronauts' six-month space mission.
D．To tell readers about the successful landing of the Shenzhou XIII.
（2）How long did Shenzhou XIII revolving around the earth once spend？ CC
A．About 2.2 hours.
B．About 3 hours.
C．About 1.8 hours.
D．About half an hour.
（3）What are the requirements of simplifying the Shenzhou XIII mission？ DD
①to return more efficiently.
②to control the spacecraft more precisely.
③to calculate orbit more accurately.
④to target the landing area quickly.
⑤to adjust its altitude
A．①②③④
B．①②③⑤
C．①③④⑤
D．②③④⑤
（4）How did the ablative material take the heat？ CC
A．By designing a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII.
B．By making the surface temperature reach thousands of degrees.
C．By sublimating and falling off when the temperature reached a level.
D．By putting a layer of material on the surface on the spacecraft.
【答案】A；C；D；C
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：5引用：1難度：0.3
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