In today's climate，industries often talk about the new popular word of this age，big data.Big data refers to data in general，mostly unorganized and unstructured.The use of big data has huge potential for various industries，healthcare included.Facebook and Amazon，for example，use big data for their digital structures to match customers with their interests.Some experts in discussing big data have described it as the four Vs：Volume referring to a large amount of data；Velocity referring to the timely generation of data；Variety referring to the many forms of data；Veracity referring to the quality of the data.
Some researchers discussed the potential of big data in medicine recently.For example，big data
can be used to improve decision- making when combined with other new technology like artificial intelligence（AI）.It is possible that big data can combine clinical characteristics，lifestyle and environmental factors with AI in future clinical testing.However，this remains just a daydream at the present moment.So far，all big data techniques are mainly descriptive.In the future，with advanced computational power，using big data in medicine is promising.
However，big data also has its limitations，and there are several lessons we must learn before using it effectively.First，big data is never well- managed and comes with a large degree of mess.Thus，selecting the correct technology with human power to manage big data is of importance.Second，analytic companies can misinterpret big data by using incorrect research questions to test their guesses or using the wrong tool to analyze the related data，resulting in delivering false messages.
Surgisphere，an American analytic company，is a typical example of what can go wrong through the analysis of big data.Surgisphere stated that it collected data from over 1000 hospitals worldwide.Although this is possible and new technology can complete this task with minimal human resources，it is difficult that this data can be well managed.In addition，healthcare data is challenging to work with，as the combining of electronic medical records and data privacy are major problems.Another example is the Cambridge analytic case，where data got from Facebook was used without permission.
When properly used，big data can be a game changer for various industries，including the healthcare industry.This requires well-managed data，related research questions，appropriate analytic tools，and advanced computational powers.In the wrong hands，big data can be a big threat that can bring industries into disorder as a whole.
（1）According to the passage，F(xiàn)acebook and Amazon use big data to CC.
A．set up their healthcare industry
B．correct their digital structures
C．meet customers' preferences
D．increase the amount of data
（2）What can we learn from the passage？ AA
A．Big data in medicine can be used well with improved computational power.
B．Medical records and data privacy are well- managed in health care.
C．The data was misleading in the Cambridge analytic case.
D．Amazon used the related data without false messages.
（3）What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ BB
A．To question whether the data companies can help to improve decision-making.
B．To show industries can benefit from big data technology with its proper use.
C．To prove data can be fully depended on with advanced analytic tools.
D．To explain why people can make full use of big data technology.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ CC
A．Big Data：a Game-changer
B．Big Data：a New Popular Word
C．Big Data：a Coin with Two Sides
D．Big Data：a New Age for Medicine
【答案】C；A；B；C
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：3引用：1難度：0.2
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1．It's good to share，right？Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not be selfish.We also live in an age where discussing our feelings is encouraged.But when does it all become too much？With new fashion trending all the time，such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress，the question is：when can sharing become oversharing on social media？
What is oversharing？The term has become related to social media，but it doesn't only belong to this platform.Imagine you head to a party and you meet someone.Within five minutes they have told details about their personal life.While some of us may try to escape these people，according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole，this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone.But how does this translate to social media？
Dr.Christopher Hand，a lecturer in internet psychology，says the more details people share，the less sympathy" we express when things go wrong.This could be due to a belief that we attract our own negative experiences the more we share them.It seems that sadfishing，the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing，is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.
However，Dr.Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform，the more socially attractive we become- if the posts are positive.Even back in 2015，Gwendolyn Seidman PhD，said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online.We should also control clear of showing off or bragging"，as it's now known--especially about our love lives.It makes sense- if your date is going "that well"，would you really have time to share a photo with text？
So，how can you know if you are oversharing？Well，why not ask your friends in real life.They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your gripes about your lack of money really are too much.
（1）The phrases "dance challenges" and "wearing a pillow as a dress" in paragraph 1 are used to prove.
A．a(chǎn) dislike of oversharing
B．a(chǎn)n enthusiastic interest in oversharing
C．social media becoming free
D．oversharing being forbidden
（2）According to Carolyn Cole，why do people overshare？
A．Need to connect with people.
B．Curiosity to know others.
C．Desire to help others.
D．Ambition to succeed.
（3）What can be inferred about oversharing from paragraph 3？
A．Sadfishing is generally considered as positive.
B．We might be in danger when bad things happen.
C．People don't feel sorry as much when things are wrong.
D．Become more socially attractive no matter what happens.
（4）What is Gwendolyn Seidman's attitude towards showing off？
A．Negative.
B．Neutral.
C．Positive.
D．Indifferent.發(fā)布：2025/1/5 10:0:6組卷：1引用：1難度：0.2 -
2．How do you feel about nature？After spending hours indoors，do you feel better when you visit your local park？I believe the answer must be "YES".
Most people think that nature is good for our bodies and brains.However，humans are spending more time inside and less time outside.For example，the number of visitors to Canada s national parks is getting smaller every year.And in countries such as the USA，only 10% of teenagers spend time outside every day.Many doctors feel that this is a problem in the twenty-first century.
Therefore，some doctors are studying the connection between nature and health：one example is the work of Dr.Matilda in Sweden.The doctor gave people a math test.During the test，their heart rates（心率） were fast.After the test，one group of people sat in a 3 D- virtual-reality（虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)） room for fifteen minutes with pictures and sounds of nature.Their heart rates were slower than people's in the other group.The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed.The natural world allows our brains to rest and slow down，and can leave us feeling happier and less stressed.Another example from Canada also shows nature is good for health.In Toronto，researchers studied 31，000 people living in the city.In general，they found that healthier people lived near parks.
Because of studies like these，some countries and cities want people to enjoy nature in their everyday life.In Dubai，people plan to build a new shopping mall with a large garden，so shoppers can relax outside with trees，plants and water.And South Korea has new forests near its cities and around 13 million people visit these forests every year.Getting close to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children.In Switzerland， "forest schools" are popular.School children study their subjects in the forests and exercise a lot outside.So after building cities for so long，perhaps it's now time to start rebuilding nature.
In a word，nature holds a special kind of energy：it is clean，wild and spirit- renewing.jye.ai makes us grow stronger.
（1）What is the purpose of Paragraph 2？
A．To raise the problem of people's lifestyle.
B．To offer some advice for people's lives.
C．To share people's ideas about nature.
D．To show people's lives in different countries.
（2）What do the results of the studies in Paragraph 3 mainly show？
A．More healthier Canadians live close to parks.
B．The math test is difficult and makes people nervous.
C．Nature can relax people and influence them positively.
D．People's heart rates increase in a 3 D virtual-reality room.
（3）To help people enjoy nature，countries do the following except.
A．rebuilding nature near cities
B．having classes and doing sports in nature
C．planning a green area for shoppers
D．starting a brain development programme
（4）Which of the following sentences can be best put in the blank？
A．So why not run away from the cities？
B．So nature is our best choice，isn't it？
C．So why not let nature be part of our daily life？
D．So nature is more important than cities，isn't it？發(fā)布：2025/1/5 10:0:6組卷：4引用：1難度：0.1 -
3．We like to believe that before we make a decision，most of the time，we take time to consider all the facts carefully.However，experts believe that only 5% of our decisions are based on a rational thought process.So，what influences our decision- making process？
We often leave decision-making to our instincts".Scientists have found out that if we had the choice，we like to avoid pain rather than get somethjye.aig.In fact，we're twice as happy when we try to avoid a bad situation than when we experience a good one.This is why when companies send ads，they use phrases like "How to avoid ..."，"Don't miss out!"，etc.
There are also physical reasons that affect our decision- making.Psychologist John Bargh carried on an experiment where people were asked what they thought of a fictional person，while holding a cold or a hot cup of coffee.Those holding the hot cup believed the person to be warmer and more sociable than those holding the cold cup.So，when temperatures rise，the more likely we are to believe in strangers.
Stress is another thing which affects our decisions.Different situations are more or less stressful for different people.Researchers have found，though，that women are more conservative about decisions when stressed，while men are to make riskier choices.
It may come as a surprise but every day from the minute we get up，we have to make countless decisions，like what to wear，what coffee to have and so on.Each choice makes our brain a little bit more tired，and this affects our decision- making.That's why important people，like presidents wearing the same three suits all the time，want to limit the small choices and spend more brain power on the bigger ones.
（1）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？
A.
B.
C.
D.
（2）What is the main idea of the last paragraph？
A．Every day we have to make lots of big decisions.
B．People sometimes judge a person by what he wears.
C．What people wear influences their decision making.
D．Making fewer decisions helps to save brain power.
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A．We make most of the decisions after our careful thinking.
B．People are likely to be happier to avoid something bad.
C．As the temperature is low，we are likely to believe others.
D．People usually have risky decisions under heavy pressure.
（4）The purpose of the passage is to.
A．tell us what influences decision making
B．a(chǎn)dvise people to make rational decisions
C．warn people not to make risky decisions
D．show disadvantages of rational decisions發(fā)布：2025/1/5 10:0:6組卷：11引用：2難度：0.2
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