Belief Perseverance
We enter all conversations with a huge amount of baggage.We have already had numerous experiences that have shaped us in some way；we each have dreams that guide what we see or hear we each have cultural traditions that push us to think in certain ways.In short，we start with opinions.We think our beliefs are valuable because they are ours.Understandably，we want to hold on to them.And the tendency to hold on to our beliefs even when we should not is called belief perseverance.
   If I prefer Cristiano Ronaldo as the best football player ever，regardless of how empty my reason may be，I may resist your choice of Lionel Messi.Because if I were to admit that my previous judgment had been wrong，I might feel bad about myself.Besides，it is our tendency to see only that evidence that proves our point.
   What is behind belief perseverance is our overconfidence in ourselves.We tend to rate ourselves as more skilled at many things.This unfortunate habit of mind is probably responsible also for our sense that we are living in the middle of incredibly biased（有偏見的） people，while we are unbiased.We tell ourselves that we see things as they are，while others look at the world through a pair of foggy，colored glasses.Our biggest bias may be that we are not biased，but those with whom we disagree are!
   To avoid belief perseverance，it's helpful to remember that we can never permit ourselves to be so sure of anything that we stop searching for an improved version.As the famous scientist Francis Bacon pointed out in 1620，when we change our minds in light of a superior argument，we deserve to be proud that we have resisted the temptation to remain true to long-held beliefs.Such a change of mind deserves to be seen as reflecting a rare strength.

（1）According to the passage，what is belief perseverance？

The tendency to hold on to our beliefs even when we should not.

The tendency to hold on to our beliefs even when we should not.

（2）What stops people from admitting their previous judgment may be wrong？

Our overconfidence in ourselves.

Our overconfidence in ourselves.

（3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.

Our habit of over-rating ourselves comes from our sense that other people are biased.Because this unfortunate habit of mind is probably responsible also for our sense that we are living in the middle of incredibly biased people.

Our habit of over-rating ourselves comes from our sense that other people are biased.Because this unfortunate habit of mind is probably responsible also for our sense that we are living in the middle of incredibly biased people.

Our habit of over-rating ourselves comes from our sense that other people are biased.
（4）What strategy can be used to avoid belief perseverance and how can it be useful？（In about 40 words）

①Searching for an improved version.②To avoid belief perseverance，it's helpful to remember that we can never permit ourselves to be so sure of anything that we stop searching for an improved version；a change of mind can also make it useful.

①Searching for an improved version.②To avoid belief perseverance，it's helpful to remember that we can never permit ourselves to be so sure of anything that we stop searching for an improved version；a change of mind can also make it useful.