Charles Brooks of Newark，New Jersey patented the street sweeper truck on March 17th，1896.He patented a ticket punch （剪票鉗）design too that avoided ticket litter thrown away here and there.Little can be known about him other than that he was a black man.
Horses and oxen were the main means of transportation in Brooks's time - where there are animals，there is manure （糞肥）.So there were piles of manure that needed removing regularly.The task of street sweeping was not carried out by machines，but workers sweeping garbage with a broom into a container.This method clearly required a lot of labor，although it did provide employment.
That changed when mechanical street sweepers were invented by Joseph Whitworth in England and C.S.Bishop in the USA，which were still drawn by horses as Bishop's design was dragged behind horses.Later Brooks made some changes - a truck with revolving brushes that swept the litter into a hopper（漏斗）.The revolving brushes were attached to the front part of the truck and could be replaced by scrapers for snow removal in winter.
Brooks also designed an improved container for sorting garbage as well as a wheel drive for the automatic turning of the brushes and for powering a lifting mechanism for the scrapers.It's not known whether his design was produced and marketed.The patent number 556711 was issued on March 17th，1896.The motor-driven pickup street sweeper was later developed by John M.Murphy for the Elgin Sweeper Company，which first appeared in 1913.
（1）Why was much labor involved in street sweeping in Brooks' time？ CC
A．Because manure needed clearing at times.
B．Because workers took it to support their families.
C．Because it was done by hand.
D．Because there was much ticket litter on the streets.
（2）How did the Brooks' street sweeper differ from those invented by Whitworth and Bishop？ DD
A．It was pulled by a horse.
B．It offered more working opportunities.
C．It could do a timely cleanup of manure.
D．It was fixed to the front of a truck.
（3）What can be concluded from the passage？ AA
A．The street sweeper kept being improved.
B．Brooks invented the first street sweeper.
C．Murphy patented his street sweeper in 1913.
D．Brooks profited from his new design.
（4）Which of the following can best describe Brooks according to the text？ BB
A．Conservative.
B．Creative.
C．Cooperative.
D．Curious.
【考點(diǎn)】記敘文．
【答案】C；D；A；B
【解答】
【點(diǎn)評】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5
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1．There was once a captain.jye.ai loved money so much that he cheated（欺騙）his sailors（水手）at the end of every voyage（遠(yuǎn)航）and took their wages（工資）.
On the last day of one voyage，the ship was in a small port.It was winter time，and these a was very cold，so the captain said to his sailors， "If one of you stays in the water during the whole night，I will give him my ship.But if he comes out before the sun appears，I shall get his wages."
The sailors had heard about the captain's cheating，so they didn't trust him.But then one of them，who thought that he was cleverer than the captain，said that he would do it.He got into the water，and，though it was very cold，he stayed in it.When it was nearly morning，some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away.
"You are cheating，" the captain said to the sailor. "The fire's warming you."
"But it's half a mile away!" said the sailor.
"A fire's fire，" answered the captain. "I have won."
The sailor came out of the water，and said， "Perhaps you think that you are clever because you have won my wages，but you can't cook a chicken."
"I can，" answered the captain.
"If you cook this chicken，" said the sailor， "I shall work for you without wages for seven years，but if you can't，you will give me your ship."
The captain agreed，took the chicken and said， "Where's the fire？"
"There it is，" answered the sailor. "On the shore."
"But it's half a mile away，" said the captain angrily.
"'A fire's fire' you said，" answered the sailor. "If it is enough to warm me in the water，it is enough to cook your chicken."
（1）The captain got the sailors' wages.
A．to buy a chicken for himself
B．a(chǎn)nd kept the money for future use
C．by cheating him
D．a(chǎn)nd said he would return the money soon
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE？
A．All the sailors refused to get into the water because it was too cold
B．The captain knew that the fire the fishermen made was enough to warm the sailor in the water.
C．The captain succeeded in cheating the sailor.
D．It was the sailor who was cleverer.
（3）The captain insisted that the fire was warming the sailor because he.
A．didn't want to lose the bet
B．didn't believe the sailor's success
C．wanted to keep his promise
D．wanted to show his cleverness
（4）What is the title of the story？
A．How a Captain Cheated His Sailor
B．How a Sailor Got a Ship
C．A Brave Sailor
D．A Fire Is Fire發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．During my first three years of college，I put on weight quickly.Between classwork and a part-time job，I had zero time for（1）
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After leaving college，I（3）to take exercise.Invited by a friend，I（4）working out with exercise machines three times a week.I was the kind of person who did not try something（5）.I ate the same food；I did the same thing.M friend，however，became（6）.One day，he said， "We're not getting enough exercise.We should play tennis instead."
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