Fire has always been part of California's landscape.But long before the disastrous forest fires of recent years,native American tribes(部落)held controlled burns each year.Those burns cleared out underbrush and encouraged new plant growth.Now,government officials have realized tackling the fire problem will mean bringing back "good fire",much like California's tribes once did.
When western settlers removed tribes from their land and banned tribal ceremonies,cultural burning disappeared.Instead,authorities focused on quickly putting out wildfires.
But what the authorities did only made California's wildfire risk worse.Without regular burns,the landscape grew thick with plants that dry out every summer.These dry plants are kindling(引火物)for the fires that have recently destroyed California communities.Climate change and warming temperatures make those landscapes even easier to catch fire.
So,tribal leaders and government officials are forming new partnerships.There are hundreds of thousands of acres that need careful burning to reduce the risk of extreme wildfires.Tribes are eager to gain access to those ancestral lands to restore traditional burning.Before 1800,the tribes used low-grade fires to shape the landscape,encouraging certain plants to grow both for tribal use and to attract game.
The arrival of western settlers dramatically changed the ways of fire management. "They came with their concepts of being afraid of fire," a tribal leader says. "They didn't understand fire in the sense of a tool.And they didn't understand its role to help generate the land.So they brought suppression(壓制)".
Tribal leaders have been reaching out to ecologists,researchers and fire agencies about the importance of their knowledge.In Northern California,the Karuk and Yurok tribes have partnered with the Forest Service to manage land for traditional values and wildfire management.
(1)What have government officials realized about the native tribes? AA
A.The tribes' old practice is useful.
B.The tribes are causing more forest fires.
C.It's impossible to prevent the tribes burning forests.
D.It's necessary to remove the tribes from where they live.
(2)What is the way western settlers deal with forest fires? AA
A.Fire suppression.
B.Reshaping land.
C.Cultural burning.
D.Removing kindling.
(3)What do the tribes think of fire? CC
A.They think it threatening.
B.They consider it as natural.
C.They think it can be beneficial.
D.They consider it harmful to the land.
(4)Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? DD
A.Western Settlers Brought Wrong Ideas of Fire Control
B.Wildfires Are Becoming Increasingly Serious in California
C.Native American Tribes Restore Their Traditional Ceremonies
D.California Looks to What Tribes Have Known to Manage Wildfires
【考點】說明文.
【答案】A;A;C;D
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布:2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷:1引用:1難度:0.4
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