Relics are artifacts（人工制品）from ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians，Greeks，and Mayans.On many occasions，archaeologists discover relics containing text written in ancient languages.These items could be ancient books and scrolls（卷軸）or they could simply be vases and coins with writing on them.Interpreting these texts can be difficult，particularly if the language is a previously undiscovered one，and the texts may additionally be hard to read if they are incomplete or if sections have worn away.Another complication is that interpreting them must be done without the reader introducing any bias（偏見）based upon modern language and culture.
Lost languages are among the numerous barriers archaeologists must break through to interpret texts on relics.One solution is to employ a key，such as the Rosetta Stone，which was discovered in Egypt in 1799.It contains an ancient Egyptian decree（法令）written in three languages，one of which is in Egyptian hieroglyphics（象形文字），an unknown language at the time of its discovery；however，another language on it is ancient Greek，which scholars understood.By comparing the text，scholars made great leaps（躍進）in interpreting hieroglyphics.Unfortunately，other ancient languages，such as Minoan Linear A，have not been figured out primarily because no key that can assist translation efforts has been discovered yet.
The Rosetta Stone was mostly unscathed，but its missing parts increased the difficulty of interpreting its text，something which frequently happens with relics.The passage of time may result in carvings，paintings，drawings，and textual inscriptions（題字）getting worn away.For example，the Tel Dan Stone，a stone with ancient Hebrew inscriptions that was found in Israel in 1993，is broken in places，and large pieces of text are missing.The result is a long-standing controversy over the precise interpretation of the writing on it.
How modern scholars view texts is another barrier to interpreting them since translators have their own personal biases.Researchers must therefore keep the historical and cultural context of the period when the text was written in mind.This can be difficult when little is known of the people who wrote the text and when or why they wrote it.
（1）What do we know about the Rosetta Stone？ CC
A．It has ancient Greek law on it.
B．It was discovered in Israel in 1993.
C．It was employed to interpret hieroglyphics.
D．It consists of three unknown ancient languages.
（2）Why is Minoan Linear A mentioned in Paragraph 2？ BB
A．To tell the key to it has been discovered.
B．To show it still remains a mystery for scholars.
C．To prove it originated form ancient Egypt.
D．To confirm what scholars have achieved.
（3）What does the underlined word "unscathed" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean？ CC
A．untouched
B．unexplained
C．undamaged
D．undiscovered
（4）What's the best title for the text？ BB
A．Searching for lost languages.
B．Interpreting texts on ancient relics.
C．Discovering ancient Hebrew inscriptions.
D．Removing barriers to language exploring.
【考點】傳統(tǒng)習俗與文化；議論文．
【答案】C；B；C；B
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：2引用：1難度：0.6
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