How Do You Know You're Not in the Matrix？ At the heart of the philosophy of Aristotle and St.Thomas Aquinas （阿奎那） is the idea that we come into contact with reality through the senses.But what if our senses are not a（n）（1）CC source？Perhaps our senses are deceiving us，and everything we perceive isn't real but is an illusion like in the movie The Matrix.
This（2）AA of sense knowledge was part of Rene Descartes's （笛卡爾） methodic doubt，which many radical （激進(jìn)的） skeptics have adopted.Descartes argued：whatever I have up till now accepted as most true I have acquired either from the senses or through the senses.But I have found that the senses may deceive me（3）DD，and it is sensible never to trust completely those who have deceived us even once.And one example Descartes gives as evidence is the fact that objects at a distance look smaller than what they are.
But this is not deception.The sense of sight is reporting（4）AA what it perceives.As D.Q.McInerny （麥克倫尼） says， "This is the sense of sight functioning just as it should，in order to give me a proper knowledge of（5）BB".Only when one made the judgement that "the man is small and then becomes big" world（6）BB come in.Truth and falsity do not（7）DD sensory perception but the fact of judging that perception.
Another（8）AA with Descartes's reason for doubting sensory perception is that he relies on only one sensory power.It's often the case that in order to test whether one sense is deceiving us，we must（9）DD another sense.
To use an example that many radical skeptics do to justify their doubt of sense knowledge.I may perceive the stick（10）CC immersed in water as crooked （彎曲）.How do I determine whether what I perceive is actually the case？I pick up the stick.When I do so，I judge the stick is actually（11）BB.But in order to make a correct judgment about the stick，I use another sensory power — namely，（12）CC — that I must trust in order to make the proper judgment.
With regard to Descartes's example，in order to make a sound judgment about the（13）AA of the man walking up the street，Descartes would have to make contact with him through the sense of touch and measure him，which requires trust in sense knowledge.
However，Descartes's recognition of the man's small stature （身高） as（14）BB presupposes his trust in his previous sensory experience of the man's tall stature.As Ralph McInerny notes， "Descartes must trust his senses in order to challenge them."
So，if it's reasonable to trust sense knowledge，and the senses put us into contact with the（15）DD world，then we can have greater certainty that what we perceive is objectively real.
| （1） | A．external | B．primary | C．reliable | D．a(chǎn)lternative |
| （2） | A．disbelief | B．a(chǎn)pplication | C．branch | D．command |
| （3） | A．in no case | B．out of nowhere | C．by all means | D．now and then |
| （4） | A．a(chǎn)ccurately | B．independently | C．a(chǎn)ccidentally | D．considerately |
| （5） | A．philosophy | B．distance | C．nature | D．life |
| （6） | A．a(chǎn)nalysis | B．error | C．change | D．reflection |
| （7） | A．lead to | B．serve as | C．identify with | D．lie in |
| （8） | A．problem | B．consideration | C．a(chǎn)dvantage | D．perspective |
| （9） | A．a(chǎn)bandon | B．regain | C．sharpen | D．employ |
| （10） | A．barely | B．wrongly | C．partially | D．completely |
| （11） | A．hollow | B．straight | C．thick | D．bent |
| （12） | A．smell | B．sight | C．touch | D．taste |
| （13） | A．size | B．status | C．a(chǎn)ge | D．weight |
| （14） | A．scientific | B．unusual | C．reasonable | D．horrifying |
| （15） | A．imaginary | B．private | C．contemporary | D．outside |
【答案】C；A；D；A；B；B；D；A；D；C；B；C；A；B；D
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布：2024/8/16 7:0:3組卷：5引用：2難度：0.5
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B．The app 's working principle．
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D．Doctors benefit more from the app than their patients．發(fā)布：2025/1/1 13:30:1組卷：10引用：3難度：0.5 -
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