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At one time the United States was a nation of farmers.In 1900，about 39% of Americans or 30 million people lived on farms.A similar percentage of the labour force earned a living by working on farms.By 1990，fewer than 2% of the population lived or worked on farms.There were also fewer farms.In 1994，there were more than six million farms in America.Today there are fewer than two million.
While the number of farms decreased，the size of the remaining farms increased.The average farm today is about 2，000 hectares （公頃）.In 1900，it was 60.As the United States became an industrial nation，its farm changed not only in size but in their business plans.In the past farmers raised many different crops or animals.For example，in 1900，almost all farms raised chickens.More than 75% of farms raised pigs and milk cows.In 1997，however，only about 6% of farms raised these animals.The trend（趨勢(shì)） in American farming has been to specialise.Farmers put their efforts into raising only a few kinds of things.
New technology has helped create specialised systems that produce more using less labour.Two examples of this are milk and corn.Since 1924，American milk production has grown 100%，but the number of milk cows has decreased by half.Cows today produce about four times more milk than their ancestors 80 years ago.The same is true for corn.Improved kinds of corn produce about 4.7 times more corn per hectare than 100 years ago.
Economists call producing more with less an increase in productivity.The Department of Agriculture uses a measure called an index（ 指數(shù)）to show how productivity changes.It says America's agricultural productivity increased by more than 100% between 1950 and 1996.Over the same period，prices of the agricultural goods fell by more than 50%.So the trend toward increased productivity had meant lower prices.Many farmers have answered by increasing the size of their specialised operations.Information in this report comes from the National Agriculture Statistics Service.
Finish the following sentences.
The trend in American farming has been to （1）specializespecialize（2）NewNew（3）technologytechnologyhas helped created specialised systems that produce more using less （4）labourlabour.Producing more with less is called an increase in （5）productivityproductivitywhich results in lower （6）pricesprices
Finish the following form based on the passage above.
| Item Year |
Number of farmers. |
Number of farms |
Average size of farms |
Business plans of farms |
| 1900 | （7） about 39% of Americans / 30 million about 39% of Americans / 30 million |
/ | （8） 60 hectares 60 hectares |
Almost all raised （9） chickens chickens more than （10）75% 75% offarms raised pigs and milk cows. |
| 1990 | （11） fewer than 2% of the population fewer than 2% of the population |
/ | / | / |
| 1994 | / | （12） more than six million more than six million |
/ | / |
| 1997 | / | / | Only about （13） 6% 6% of farms raised chickens，pigs andmilk cows. |
|
| Today | / | （14） fewer than two million fewer than two million |
（15） 200 hectares 200 hectares |
Only a few kinds of things are raised. |
【考點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗與文化；說(shuō)明文．
【答案】specialize；New；technology；labour；productivity；prices；about 39% of Americans / 30 million；60 hectares；chickens；75%；fewer than 2% of the population；more than six million；6%；fewer than two million；200 hectares
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發(fā)布：2024/5/23 20:38:36組卷：4引用：2難度：0.5
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