Scientists say we are all born with a talent for mathematics.Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends，we're exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.
Stanislas Dehaene was the first researcher to show that this part of the brain exists.In 1989，he met Mr.N who had suffered a serious brain injury.Mr.N couldn't recognize the number 5，or add 2 and 2.But he still knew that there are "about 50 minutes" in an hour.Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case：there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains.One area is responsible for the math we learn in school，and the other judges approximate amounts.
So what does the brain's estimation center do for us？Harvard University researcher Elizabeth Spelke has spent a lot of time posing math problems to preschoolers.When he asks 5-year-olds to solve a problem like 21+30，they can't do it.But he has also asked them questions such as，"Sarah has 21 candles and gets 30 more.John has 34 candles.Who has more candles？" It turns out preschoolers are great at solving questions like that.Before they've learned how to do math with numerals and symbols，their brains' approximation centers are already hard at work.
After we learn symbolic math，do we still have any use for our inborn math sense？Justin Halberda at Johns Hopkins University gave us an answer in his study.He challenged a group of 14-year-olds with an approximation test：The kids stared at a computer screen and saw groups of yellow and blue dots flash by，too quickly to count.Then they had to say whether there had been more blue dots or yellow dots.The researchers found that most were able to answer correctly when there were 25 yellow dots and 10 blue ones.When the groups were closer in size，11 yellow dots and 10 blue ones，fewer kids answered correctly.
The big surprise in this study came when the researcher compared the kids' approximation test scores to their scores on standardized math tests.He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores，and vice versa（反之亦然）.It seems that，far from being irrelevant，your math sense might predict your ability at formal math.
（1）From the first two studies，we can learn that estimation center CC.
A．is divided into two separate mathematical areas
B．can help figure out numerals and symbols problems
C．functions independently in both kids' and adults' brains
D．works better when symbolic parts are injured or undergrown
（2）What most surprised Justin in the study of 14-year-olds？ DD
A．The variety of math abilities in different students.
B．The link between technology skills and estimation skills.
C．The difficulty of the task as the number of dots increased.
D．The connection between estimation skills and formal math ability.
（3）What could be the best title for the passage？ AA
A．Born with a Sense of Math
B．Go beyond What You Can Learn
C．Symbolic Math and Estimation Math
D．Our Brain一a Born Mathematician
【答案】C；D；A
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：11引用：3難度：0.6
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Take Dave for example：He's a young man with a music degree．And if you walked past him on the street，you'd never think， "There goes a farmer．"
Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer？Probably not．I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls（工作服）．I can tell you，that does not represent Dave or any of the many other farmers I have gotten to know．
Not only do we have to throw out our previous impression of farmers，but farming as a whole doesn't look much like it used to either．We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like，and they found farmers to be completely different from our usual ideas about them and also came across them in some unexpected places．
In a parking lot in a neighborhood of Brooklyn，they met a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical（垂直的） farms．In a Florida field under the fight path of an airport，they discovered farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars．And in a modern farm in California，they observed how farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals．
These farmers all spend their days in very different ways-none of them looks like the previous farmer we have in our mind-but they're all working on new ways to feed our planet．Not only do we need to change our idea of what farming looks like，but we also need to change our view of where solutions can come from．Feeding all of us is going to take all of us working together．
（1）How does Dave describe today's farmers？
A．They often walk on the street．
B．They are leading a very busy life．
C．They are similar to ordinary people．
D．They have little time to make friends．
（2）How does the author think most people see farmers？
A．They usually wear overalls．
B．They have interesting hobbies．
C．They are skilled at growing crops．
D．They know modern farming practices．
（3）What was the purpose of the team？
A．To deepen connections among farmers．
B．To study different technologies in farming．
C．To find the new developments of modern farming．
D．To encourage farmers to use new farming method．
（4）What do the farmers mentioned in Paragraph 5 have in common？
A．They all work in the city．
B．They all use high technology．
C．They all do hard physical work．
D．They all work with universities．發(fā)布：2025/1/1 18:0:1組卷：26引用：5難度：0.7 -
3．Your child is unique，but what all children have in common is natural curiosity and an ability to learn they are born with.Our brains are active all the time，and a baby's brain is the busiest of all.Research has shown that babies begin to understand language about twice as fast as they actually speak it.By showing children other languages at an early age，you are giving them the opportunity to make use of their natural ability to hear and recognize between the sounds of other languages，and their ability to make sense of what they are hearing.
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The long-term benefits of learning another language go beyond being able to communicate with others.Studies suggest that children learning an additional language tend to score better on standardized tests because learning languages develops listening，observation，problem-solving and critical （批判性的） thinking skills.These are skills that are of life-long benefit，both personally and professionally.Encouraging in children a love of language at an early age prepares them well for school and for life.
（1）What do we know about Children according to Paragraph 1？
A．Children are busy playing.
B．Children are born to speak.
C．Children are good at speaking native language.
D．Children have a better ability to learn other languages.
（2）While learning a language，children.
A．speak to themselves
B．need to have language classes
C．make use of their different senses
D．notice how much they have learned
（3）Children learn when they.
A．a(chǎn)re in bad emotion
B．do not make mistakes
C．learn from their mistakes
D．a(chǎn)re taught by their teachers
（4）In fact learning another language helps children to.
A．take more tests
B．have a good time
C．encourage themselves
D．develop life-long skills發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:30:2組卷：4引用：3難度：0.5
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