On November 27,1895,Alfred Nobel signed his third and last will at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris.When it was opened and read after his death,the will caused a lot of controversy both in Sweden and internationally,as Nobel had left much of his wealth for the establishment of a prize.His family opposed the establishment of the Nobel Prize,and the prize awarders he named refused to do what he had requested in his will.It was five years before the first Nobel Prize could be awarded in 1901.
In this selected part of the will,Alfred Nobel dictates that his entire remaining assets (資產(chǎn))should be used to donate "prizes to those who,during the preceding year,have conferred (帶來) the greatest benefit to humankind".
"All of my remaining realisable assets are to be used as follows:the capital,which is converted (換算) to safe securities,is to be a fund,the interest on which is to be distributed annually as prizes to those who,during the preceding year,have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind.The interest is to be divided into five equal parts and distributed as follows:one part to the person who made the most important discovery or invention in the field of physics;one part to the person who made the most important chemical discovery or improvement;one part to the person who made the most important discovery within the field of physiology or medicine;one part to the person who,in the field of literature,produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction;and one part to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations,the abolition or reduction of standing armies,and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.The prizes for physics and chemistry are to be awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences;that for physiological or medical achievements by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm;that for literature by the Academy in Stockholm;and that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting.It is my express wish that when awarding the prizes,no consideration be given to nationality,but that the prize be awarded to the worthiest person,whether or not they are Scandinavian."
(1)What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the Nobel Prize? AA
A.The background of the Nobel Prize.
B.The reasons for the Nobel Prize.
C.The functions of the Nobel Prize.
D.The significance of the Nobel Prize.
(2)What does the underlined word "dictates" in paragraph 2 mean? BB
A.Admit.
B.Order.
C.Remember.
D.Remark.
(3)What can we say about Nobel's Will from the text? CC
A.It's a must for a scientist.
B.It's reasonable to the world.
C.It's difficult to realize it.
D.It's an honor to a person or his country.
(4)What can be inferred about Tu Youyou? AA
A.She was awarded by the Academy in Stockholm.
B.She was awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences.
C.She was awarded by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.
D.She was awarded by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting.
【答案】A;B;C;A
【解答】
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發(fā)布:2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷:3引用:2難度:0.5
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1.British children's writer Roald Dahl ate chocolates and sweets "pretty much every mealtime",remembers daughter Ophelia Dahl.
After dinner,whether dining alone or entertaining guests,Dahl would pass around a little red plastic box full of Mars Bars,Milky Ways,Maltesers,Kit Kats and much more.
He knew the history of all the sweets and could tell you exactly when they were invented.1937 was a big year when Kit Kats (his favorite),Rolos and Smarties (his dog,chopper's favorite) were invented.He wrote a history of chocolate,lecturing schoolchildren to commit such dates to memory(熟記),such as 1928 when "Cadbury's Fruit and Nut Bar popped up on the scene",saying. "Don't bother with the Kings and Queens of England.All of you should learn these dates instead.Perhaps the Headmistress(女校長)will see from now on that it becomes part of the major teaching in this school."
According to Dahl,the Golden Years of Chocolate were 1930-1937.In 1930,Roald Dahl was 14 years old.He was a student at Repton,a famous boys' boarding school in England.It was a tough environment:those in authority were more interested in controlling than educating the students.
Ironically(諷刺地),it was at this difficult period that chocolate became Dahl's passion.Near Repton was a Cadbury chocolate factory.Every so often,Cadbury would send each schoolboy a sampler(樣品)box of new chocolates to taste and grade.They were using the students---"the greatest chocolate bar experts in the world to test out their new inventions.
This was when Dahl's imagination took flight.He pictured factories with inventing rooms with pots of chocolate and fudge(軟糖)and "all sorts of other delicious fillings bubbling away on the stoves".
"It was lovely dreaming those dreams…when I was looking for a plot for my second book for children.I remembered those little cardboard boxes(紙盒)and the newly invented chocolates inside them,and I began to write a book called Charlie and the Chocolate Factory."
For the record,Roald Dahl did not like chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream.He said, "I prefer my chocolate straight."
(1)What's the purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To introduce the main topic---Roald Dahl.
B.To introduce Dahl's love for chocolate.
C.To introduce main character's daily life.
D.To introduce some important characters.
(2)What can we infer from the passage about Roald Dahl?
A.He treated himself with various chocolate after dinner secretly.
B.He has a good knowledge of chocolate,especially its history.
C.He used to lecture schoolchildren of a boys' boarding school.
D.He only wrote some books related to the history of chocolate.
(3)What happened during the Golden Years of Chocolate?
A.It was a great time for children to get educated.
B.Those years stopped Dahl's interest in chocolate.
C.Students could become chocolate experts then.
D.Roald Dahl's passion for chocolate was lit up then.
(4)
A.the dream about chocolates.
B.Factories with chocolate and fudge.
C.Those boxes with chocolate.
D.Chocolate cakes and ice cream發(fā)布:2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷:0引用:1難度:0.5 -
2.Recently,a film star has been giving away free books on the London Underground.If you're a bookworm,a Harry Potter fan and a London Underground user,then it's been an exciting month for you.
Emma Watson,who starred in films based on the novels about a fictional schoolboy wizard,has been hiding books on the Tube for passengers to read through.
It's part of he Book On The Underground movement,which has a simple aim:to get more people burying themselves in literature.Books are left on trains for passengers to pick up,dip into and then leave for another lucky reader to skim.
The movement started in 2012 and drops off about 150 books a week in stations across London.Talking about Watson's participation in the project,the manager of Books On The Under ground,Cornelia Oxley,said, "The reaction has been great.It must be a mixture of how much everyone admires Emma,and how exciting it is to find something as wonderful as a new book on your journey."
The 100 or so books Watson left for passengers to read were even more special because she left a hand-written inscription(題詞).The books were Kaya Angelou's Mom & Me & Mom.
One person who discovered a copy of the book on the Tube said she felt like the character Charlie Bucket - a boy who finds a golden ticket to the world's greatest chocolate factory - in the Roald Dahl's classic,Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Watson became a UN Women Goodwill Ambassador in the summer of 2014 and has since started reading as many books and essays on equality and feminism(饑荒) as possible.She has also started her own book club.
So.Why not take a leaf out of Emma Watson's book and leave a copy of your favorite book on a train?It could make a stranger's life richer.
(1)What does Books On The Underground aim to do?
A.To get more readers to buy their books.
B.To leave books on trains.
C.To find lucky readers.
D.To get more people to read.
(2)Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.People's admiration for Emma Watson contributes to the success of the movement.
B.There is a golden ticket to the world's greatest chocolate factory in the book.
C.To find something wonderful on a journey is exciting.
D.Emma Watson left hand-written inscriptions on the books.
(3)What's the author's attitude towards Emma Watson's leaving books on the train?
A.critical
B.indifferent
C.supportive
D.pessimistic發(fā)布:2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷:0引用:1難度:0.5 -
3.It can be really hard to learn a new language.I had always enjoyed learning languages in school,but only recently did I start learning German.I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily,but when it came to literature,I really struggled.That was when my tutor at university suggested reading some children's books printed in the target language.
At first,I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book designed for someone half my age,but then I realised that everyone has to start somewhere.As children,we are given these basic texts to familiarise our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures,and from there,we can learn and develop.I started with books which are taught to us as children in the UK.I managed to find Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.
The beauty of reading books that were introduced to you as a child is that you are already familiar with the plot.Therefore you can work out some words with your knowledge of the story.At first,I used to read with the book in one hand and a dictionary in the other,but this did not work well.The method I would recommend is to read a chapter first and at the end of that chapter,highlight the new words and then look up the definitions.If you can wait a bit before using a dictionary,you may be surprised what you can understand merely from the context.Additionally,a lot of children's books have pictures which may give you a clue as to what or to whom the passage is referring.
If you can find a translation of the books you have read as a child,I would strongly advise reading those if you are a complete beginner.However,if you feel a bit more confident reading in English,I would personally recommend the series of 'Harry Potter' books by J.K.Rowling or any of the Roald Dahl children's books.
(1)What makes it hard for the author to learn German?
A.The author had a poor memory.
B.The author had no interest in it.
C.The author had no one to ask for help.
D.The author couldn't read books fluently.
(2)What did the author think of reading children's books in the target language at first?
A.Interesting.
B.Stupid.
C.Helpful.
D.Boring.
(3)What does the author try to express mainly in Paragraph 3?
A.How to deal with new words while reading.
B.Why it is helpful to read children's book at first.
C.How to choose a proper book to match your level.
D.How to form the habit of reading in the target language.
(4)Why does the author write this text?
A.To give tips on how to learn a new language.
B.To persuade the readers to learn a new language.
C.To stress the importance of reading in language learning.
D.To share the author's stories of learning a new language.發(fā)布:2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷:5引用:1難度:0.5
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