I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and "keeping yourself to yourself" were valued traditions.Speaking to strangers was not encouraged.People were most hospitable（好客的） and friendly---but only once they had been introduced to new people.
   However，I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US，where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.
   I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage traveling，one afternoon，from Genoa to Florence.Sinking gratefully into an empty seat，I was berated（斥責） in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seat---it had not been "spare" after all.I apologized in English，and got up to allow him back into the seat.The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language，but he，too，realized my genuine mistake.He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat，and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the rest of the journey.The other passengers of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them.I feel that if this had been in England，a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.
   Transport was also obvious in the differences I noticed between English and American culture.I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers.We sat together in near silence.Nobody spoke to me nor，as I expected，to anyone else they did not know.They felt it was not polite to disturb someone else's privacy.However，when I traveled across the United States，whether by plane or Greyhound bus，I was never short of conversation.Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself.They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person，whether they were strangers or not.

（1）What do we know about the passengers of the carriage when the author was travelling in Italy？

C

C

A．They were all on the side of the gentleman.
B．They all laughed at the author for this mistake.
C．They all showed their understanding of the author's mistake.
D．They would not bear a mistake like the author's in public.
（2）According to the last paragraph，English passengers sat in near silence because

D

D

.
A．they were too tired to speak
B．they were all strangers to each other
C．everybody had their own share of privacy
D．privacy was a valued tradition in England
（3）The purpose of the author is to tell us

D

D

.
A．his traveling experience
B．how to adapt ourselves to a new culture
C．the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the US
D．cultural differences in hospitality and politeness