Clothes were once used until they fell apart.Not today.In high-income countries in particular，clothing and footwear are increasingly frequently bought，thrown away and replaced with new fashions，which are themselves soon thrown away and replaced.
The so-called 'Fast fashion' is having a surprising environmental impact. 'Take water.The fashion industry，one of the world's largest users of water，consumes anywhere from 20 trillion to 200 trillion litres every year. 'Then there are microplastics.Plastic fibres are released when we wash polyester （聚酯纖維） and other polymer-based textiles，and make up between 20% and 35% of the micro plastics choking the oceans.Added to this are specific chemicals，such as those used to make fabrics stain resistant and the pesticides required to protect crops such as cotton.
Change is badly needed，but will require the fashion industry to work harder to embrace more of what is known as the circular economy.That will involve at least two things：refocusing on making things that last，and so encouraging reuse；and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable manufacturing processes，especially recycling.There's a big role for research--both academic and industrial--in achieving these and other ambitions.
Researchers could begin by helping to provide more accurate estimates of water use.There is also work to be done on improving and expanding textiles recycling.Undoubtedly，used textiles go to landfill in part because there are relatively few systems that collect，recycle and reuse materials.Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres，as well as buttons and zips.Different fibres are not easy to identify by eye，and overall such manual processes are time-consuming.Machinery is being developed that can help.Technologies also exist to recycle used fibres chemically and to create high-quality fibres that can be reused in clothing.But these are nowhere near the scale needed.
Another challenge for researchers is to work out how to get consumers and manufacturers to change their behavior.Other research questions include finding ways to encourage people to purchase long lasting goods；exploring how to satisfy desires for something new while reducing environmental impact；and understanding why certain measures can be successfully scaled up whereas others fail.
（1）Why does the author mention "water"， "microplastics" and "chemicals" in Paragraph 2？ BB
A．To introduce a topic.
B．To prove a point.
C．To provide an idea.
D．To give a definition.
（2）Which of the following goes against the concept of "circular economy"？ DD
A．Efforts are made to lengthen the lifespan of textiles.
B．Worn-out clothes are used as dishcloths and oil rags.
C．High-quality fibres are created to be reused in clothing.
D．Fashion industry is encouraged to release new designs more often.
（3）What is the right thing for the fashion industry researchers to do？ CC
A．To make sure that all of the used textiles go to landfill.
B．To separate fibres，as well as buttons and zips manually.
C．To improve and expand textile recycling to a larger extent.
D．To encourage consumers to satisfy their desires for fashion.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ DD
A．Say no to the so-called fast fashion.
B．Address the challenges for researchers.
C．Embrace more of the circular economy.
D．Cut fast fashion's environmental impact.
【答案】B；D；C；D
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
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C．Getting close to nature reduces crime.
D．Man can't live without natural areas.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5