Two-thirds of the world's major rivers have now been disrupted（中斷） with more than 50，000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power．In the US，there are more than 85，000 dams ，disrupting large and small rivers and in most cases transforming natural flow．The most famous of these，the Hoover Dam constructed in the 1930's，is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean．
Dams，besides all their attractive benefits，also have negative impacts．Creating a reservoir（水庫(kù)） means a large area must be flooded．Communities may lose their land houses and cultural relies（遺址）．Down stream of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields．
Environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife especially birds．However，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions（排放） and poison the water for fish．Also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs．Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry．
Dams don't just block water flow．The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields．They also prevent fish migrations and are a barrier to sediment（沉淀物） flows．Instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time．However，sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem．The fertility of the entire system can be influenced be influenced by soils lost during seasonal rains，not being replaced．
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas（三角洲），often host to large cities，which are sinking into the oceans．Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the urban weight to sink and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced．The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria．
（1）What effects does creating a reservoir have on people's life？ AA
a．People will see fewer birds near the rivers．
b．Farmers below the dam may have less water to irrigate their fields．
c．Visitors can't see some cultural relics anymore．
d．More conflicts and wars over water will break out．
e．All kinds of fish will become extinct in the future．
A．b c
B．c e
C．b e
D．a(chǎn) d
（2）With many dams built across rivers，fish will BB．
A．find more places to lay their eggs
B．face a more dangerous living habitat
C．feed on more sediments rich in nutrients
D．find it easier to deal with the rise of water
（3）How can dams influence the cities like Shanghai？ DD
A．The rainy season will last longer
B．Rich soils will be washed away
C．Their entire system will be influenced
D．They will lie below sea level in the future
（4）What does the text mainly talk about？ DD
A．Economic gain of dams
B．Cultural loss of dams
C．Environmental benefits of dams
D．Environmental loss of dams
【考點(diǎn)】社會(huì)．
【答案】A；B；D；D
【解答】
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/11 8:0:9組卷：2引用：2難度：0.7
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（1）What can we know about Burlington School？
A．It is open all year.
B．It is located in London.
C．It provides no accommodation.
D．It offers no social practice classes.
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A．Burlington School.
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D．It offers General and Specialist English courses.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6 -
2．Hi Judy!
You often complain to me that you always buy goods unreasonably on sale promotion（促銷）and feel it shameful after going back to your school dormitory with new things not needed，considering all the money you spend is your parents' income．
In fact，this is a common phenomenon，called impulsive buying，a buying unplanned and hard to control．It usually happens when a store offers discounts（打折）or sales promotion-a special way used by stores to get more customers，which means you may fall into its traps even without notice．
Stores，with a good knowledge of customers' psychology（心理），make use of it to drive business．Avoiding all the impulsive buying is a hard thing．However，knowing our psychology behind it and reducing the times when influenced by sales promotion may be useful．So you should keep calm when facing the sales promotion by keeping in mind what you really need．
Find out the conditions where you are likely to buy things blindly．When seeing a dress advertised at 20% off，do not concentrate on the discount，but warn yourself against falling into the trap of "saving money''．
Besides，do not forget the long-term effects of your choice when meeting a sales promotion．Short-term benefits，like excited feeling just after buying items encourage impulsive buying．But the long-term costs such as waste of money and the sense of shame really annoy you．When seeing the advertisements，remember what you really want to buy originally and warn yourself of that terrible feeling．Only in this way can you save money for really needed things．
Yours，
Rachel
（1）Judy felt it a shame to．
A．complain to others about the poverty of her family
B．waste her parents' money on unneeded things
C．buy cheap things at lower prices or with less money
D．rely on her parents for further education
（2）Which of the following is true of impulsive buying according to Rachel？
A．It is designed by shops to draw customers' attention．
B．It can be brought under control with the help of stores．
C．It is planned by buyers with the purpose of saving money．
D．It is done by customers without considering its bad effects．
（3）In face of sales promotion Judy is advised to．
A．have belief in her own immediate decision
B．check the quality of the goods at low prices
C．stay calm by thinking about what she really needs
D．take the chance to learn more about stores tricks
（4）How do buyers usually feel in the long run after buying discounted things？
A．Regretful．
B．Thrilled．
C．Relaxed．
D．Sceptical．發(fā)布：2025/1/10 8:0:1組卷：4引用：2難度：0.6 -
3．Ever since I graduated from high school I've worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer.However，making the transformation between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier.For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be unacceptable，getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is suffering.My friends never seem to understand why I'm so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world.People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.In fact，all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant，which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.
The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear over night.Issues like being laid off and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico，where people would work for 60 cents an hour.
After working 12-hour shifts（輪班）in a factory，the other options have become only too clear. "This job pays well，but it's hell on the body，" said one co-worker. "Study hard and keep reading." she added.When I'm back at the university，skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school.All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale（陳腐的）now ring true.
My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.
（1）What does the author think of his summer holiday？
A．It was no holiday for him at all.
B．It brought him nothing but suffering.
C．It was a relief from his hard work at school.
D．It offered him a chance to make more friends.
（2）What can we infer about most college students？
A．They do better in the real world.
B．They are confident when they work.
C．They think too highly of themselves.
D．They are expert at handling machines.
（3）What is the biggest pressure for blue-collar workers？
A．A low income.
B．The lack of security.
C．An unstable location.
D．Less break.
（4）How did the working experiences change the author？
A．He became responsible for his work.
B．He learned to be more practical at work.
C．He began to respect blue-collar workers.
D．He came to appreciate his college education.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5