Controlling traffic is a complex and high cost problem in many developed countries.It becomes more difficult and costly with the ever-increasing number of cars on the roads.But scientists and students at the CATT，at the University of Maryland are working to solve this problem.They are using simulation（模擬） technologies to help government and private business control and react to changing traffic conditions.
The online economics magazine Forbes.jye.ai says traffic congestion （擁擠） cost Americans 124 billion in 2014 and that number could rise to1 86 billion by 2030.
But scientists at the CATT lab are trying to reduce those costs.They are developing a system that helps traffic managers，planners，emergency workers and businesses plan and react better.Michael Pack is CATT director.He says the system is important to help emergency workers，or first responders，reach an accident area faster.
The CATT Lab collects information from many sources，including roadside devices，GPS（global positioning system） equipment and wireless phones.
About 60 students and 30 software developers observe traffic flow and manage the computer servers at all times.They also work to develop software and applications that can help traffic run smoother and safer.Some of them turn the information gathered into so-called"visualizations".These visual representations help emergency workers better understand what is happening.
The center shares its findings with firefighters，police，transportation departments and the military.They also share information with universities and transportation companies.The technology company Google uses the data for its traffic-related websites.Michael Pack says the information is then shared with anyone who wants to help traffic run more smoothly.
Mr.Pack says the goal is to help develop an intelligent system of road signals that will communicate with each other and with vehicles on the road.
（1）What is the purpose of paragraph 2？ DD
A．To attract more people to look through Forbes.jye.ai.
B．To tell readers what Forbes .com says on its website.
C．To show how much money controlling traffic costs America.
D．To prove it is very expensive for some developed countries to control traffic.
（2）What benefit can emergency workers get from the system developed by the CATT lab？ BB
A．They can be safer.
B．They can reach an accident area faster.
C．They can get more advice from people.
D．They can share their information with others.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true about the developers and the students at the CATT？ CC
A．They observe traffic flow continuously.
B．They develop software and applications.
C．They control the computer servers occasionally.
D．They change the information gathered into visual image.
（4）In which column of the newspaper can you read this text？ BB
A．Daily life.
B．Science.
C．Education.
D．Exploration.
【答案】D；B；C；B
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5
相似題
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1．All routes to STEM （science，technology，engineering and mathematics） degrees run through calculus （微積分） classes.Each year，thousands of college students take introductory calculus.But only a small number ultimately complete a STEM degree，and research about why students abandon such degrees suggests that traditional calculus courses are one of the reasons.With scientific understanding and innovation increasingly central to solving 21st-century problems，this loss of talent is something society can ill afford.
Math departments alone are unlikely to solve this dilemma.Several of the promising calculus reforms were spearheaded by professors outside of math departments.STEM faculty are prioritizing cooperation across disciplines to transform math classes to cultivate a diverse generation of STEM researchers and professionals.
This is not uncharted territory.In 2013，life sciences faculty at the University of California，Los Angeles，developed a two-course sequence that covers classic calculus topics，but also emphasizes their application in a biological context.Creating this course，Mathematics for Life Scientists，wasn't easy.The life sciences faculty involved，none of whom had a joint appointment with the math department，said they turned to designing the course themselves after math faculty rejected their request for cooperation.
In Ohio，Wright State University's Engineering departments also revised math offerings.Rather than changing the content of the calculus course，they focused on preparing students for calculus by emphasizing "engineering motivation for math." The approach enhanced opportunities for students with weaker math backgrounds to succeed in engineering and doubled the average graduation rate of engineering students without reducing the average grade of graduates.Math learning is fundamental to all STEM fields，but the opposite also appears to be true.
（1）What problem is mentioned in paragraph 1？
A．Increasing STEM dropout rate.
B．The reform of calculus courses.
C．Shrinking admission to STEM majors.
D．The shaken belief in the role of calculus.
（2）What does "spearheaded" in paragraph 2 probably mean？
A．challenged
B．evaluated
C．cancelled
D．initiated
（3）What do we know about the calculus course reform according to the text？
A．STEM departments made calculus content easier to improve students' grades.
B．Math departments sought cooperation with STEM counterparts to urge reforms.
C．Placing calculus learning in specific STEM contexts is a workable approach.
D．Removing calculus is the key to increasing graduation rate of STEM students.
（4）What does "the opposite" in the last paragraph refer to？
A．The STEM fields may be the foundation of other science subjects.
B．The STEM fields may be central to making math learning effective.
C．Math learning may set barrier for science study in the STEM fields.
D．Math learning may make way for science study in the STEM fields.發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:30:2組卷：23引用：3難度：0.5 -
2．I once thought that outer beauty is the only factor to become a great person.When I was young，I read many kinds of books，most of which described characters who are handsome or beautiful.So I think that being beautiful is the only way to become a success.
As I grew up，the story of my best friend made me realize that outer beauty was not so important to make a person successful.She is so beautiful a girl that every classmate liked to chat with her，but she was very arrogant（傲慢）.In her opinion，she could get all she wanted because of her beauty，but all of her friends left her one by one!Only then did she come to know the importance of the beauty in a person's heart，which changed her attitude and she made friends again.
Turning on TV，we can see many advertisements，most of which seem to give us a feeling that，physical attractiveness is the most important thing. There seems to be a boom in plastic surgery.It is surprising that more and more people，especially girls and women，try it like the first man-made beauty in China，Hao Lulu.It is a common sense that attractive people can easily find work.Most good-looking guys，usually get higher scores in the job interviews.But what is real beauty？I want to say that is inner beauty because those who have beauty in their soul are really beautiful persons.
As is known，the beauty judged with eyes is temporary，so we should concentrate on inner beauty.And if we make the efforts to make our minds beautiful，we'll live a happier life.
（1）Why did the author want to have a good appearance when she was young？
A．Because she wanted to follow the example of her friend.
B．Because she wanted to be one of the characters in the book.
C．Because she wanted to get higher scores in the job interviews.
D．Because the successful characters in the books she read were attractive.
（2）Why did the writer refer to her friend's story？
A．To show how beautiful her friend was.
B．To show how important outer beauty is.
C．To show the importance of inner beauty.
D．To show how terrible to be a beautiful girl.
（3）What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean？
A．Surgery is becoming more and more popular.
B．More and more people pay attention to outer beauty.
C．More people can afford the price of doing plastic surgery.
D．The living standard has been improved over the past years.
（4）Which of the following covers the passage best？
A．Inner beauty is the real beauty.
B．How do attractive persons become successful？
C．The key factor to find a good job is being attractive.
D．Plastic surgery is the best way to make a person more beautiful.
（5）What do we know from the passage？
A．If you are too beautiful，all your friends will leave you out of envy.
B．If you have a good appearance，you must get higher scores in the job interviews.
C．Without the TV advertisements，there wouldn't have been a boom in plastic surgery.
D．Those who have good appearances should also develop the beauty in their hearts.發(fā)布：2025/1/1 18:0:1組卷：12引用：2難度：0.6 -
3．You run into the grocery store to quickly pick up your item.You grab what you need and head to the front of the store.After quickly sizing up the check-out lines，you choose the one that looks fastest.You chose wrong.People getting in other lines long after you have already checked out and headed to the parking lot.Why does this seem to always happen to you？
Well，as it turns out，it's just math that is working against you.A grocery store tries to have enough employees at the checkout lines to get all their customers through with minimum delay.But sometimes，like on a Sunday afternoon，they get super busy.Because most grocery stores don't have the physical space to add more checkout lines，their system becomes overburdened.Some small interruption - a price check，a particularly talkative customer---will have downstream effects，holding up the entire line behind them.
If there are three lines at the store，these delays will happen randomly at different registers（收銀臺(tái)）.Think about the probability.The chances of your line being that fastest one are only one in three，which means you have a two-thirds chance of not being in the fastest line.So it's not just in your mind：Another line is probably moving faster than yours.
Now，mathematicians have come up with a good solution，which they call queuing theory，to this problem：Just make all customers stand in one long snaking line，called a serpentine line，and serve each person at the front with the next available register.With three registers，this method is about three times faster on average than the more traditional approach.This is what they do at most banks，Trader Joe's，and some fast-food places.With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.Instead，it will slow everyone down a little bit.
（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？
A．Queuing in a line.
B．A shopping experience.
C．A rush in the morning.
D．Cutting in a line.
（2）According to the article，what may cause delays in checking out？
A．The lack of employees in the grocery store.
B．Some unexpected delays of certain customers.
C．The increasing items bought by customers.
D．A worsening shopping system of the store.
（3）What is the solution given by mathematicians？
A．Employing more workers for checking out.
B．Limiting the number of queuing people.
C．Making only one line available.
D．Always standing in the same line.
（4）What's the principle behind the queuing theory？
A．To pursue the maximum benefit.
B．To leave success or failure to luck.
C．To avoid the minimum loss.
D．To spread the risk equally among everyone.發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:30:2組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5