Mankind is still evolving（進化），according to a recent study by a team of scientists led by a Yale University evolutionary biologist．But research suggests that the natural selection process is no longer driven by survival，perhaps because of differences in women's fertility（能生育性）．
The team examined 2，238 women in Framingham，Massachusetts，the US and studied the medical histories of some 14，000 residents since 1948．
They found that strong，slightly fat women tend to have more children．And if this trend were to continue for the next 10 generations，by 2409 the average woman would be 2 cm shorter，1 kg heavier，and have a healthier heart．
That rate of evolution is pretty similar to what we see in plants and animals．Humans don't seem to be any exception，the team said．
Other recent genetic research backs up that belief．One study by John Hawks，an anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin at Madison，found that some 1，800 human gene variations（變異）are common in recent generations because of evolution．Among the changes are mutations（突變）that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria（瘧疾）and others that govern brain development．
Since the Industrial Revolution，modern humans have grown taller and stronger．It's easy to assume that evolution is making humans fitter．But according to anthropologist Peter McAllister，the contemporary male has evolved physically into "the sorriest example of male ever on the planet"．An average Neanderthal woman，McAllister notes，could have beaten Arnold Schwarzenegger in an armwrestling（腕力）match．And early Australian Aborigines could easily defeat Usain Bolt in a 100 m dash．
However，Douglas Ewbank，of the University of Pennsylvania，says that cultural factors tend to have a much greater impact than natural selection on future generations，so people tend to ignore evolution's effects．
And，despite evidence indicating evolution still works，Steve Jones，an evolutionary biologist at University College London，thinks that the impact of evolution on humans is not the most important．"What makes humans what we are is in our minds，in our society，and not in our evolution，" said Jones．
（1）What does the underlined sentence "Humans don't seem to be any exception"imply？CC
A．Plants and animals are evolving faster than humans．
B．Evolution doesn't work in humans any longer．
C．The rate of evolution in plants and animals also applies to humans．
D．Humans are unique in their evolution．
（2）Why is the recent genetic research quoted in the fifth paragraph？AA
A．To support the belief that mankind is still evolving．
B．To show human gene variations are common in recent generations．
C．To prove modern humans have grown fitter．
D．To suggest that the natural selection process is no longer driven by survival．
（3）According to the passage，we can infer that Arnold SchwarzeneggerDD．
A．used to be a famous actor
B．is an American governor
C．is very weak
D．is very strong
（4）According to Douglas Ewbank，which of the following factors plays a greater part in the future generations？AA
A．Culture．
B．Evolution．
C．Natural selection．
D．Genetic mutations．
（5）What is the main idea of the passage？AA
A．Mankind is still evolving．
B．Women will get fatter．
C．The history of human evolution．
D．Future women tend to have more children．
【考點】社會．
【答案】C；A；D；A；A
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5
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1．Hi Judy!
You often complain to me that you always buy goods unreasonably on sale promotion（促銷）and feel it shameful after going back to your school dormitory with new things not needed，considering all the money you spend is your parents' income．
In fact，this is a common phenomenon，called impulsive buying，a buying unplanned and hard to control．It usually happens when a store offers discounts（打折）or sales promotion-a special way used by stores to get more customers，which means you may fall into its traps even without notice．
Stores，with a good knowledge of customers' psychology（心理），make use of it to drive business．Avoiding all the impulsive buying is a hard thing．However，knowing our psychology behind it and reducing the times when influenced by sales promotion may be useful．So you should keep calm when facing the sales promotion by keeping in mind what you really need．
Find out the conditions where you are likely to buy things blindly．When seeing a dress advertised at 20% off，do not concentrate on the discount，but warn yourself against falling into the trap of "saving money''．
Besides，do not forget the long-term effects of your choice when meeting a sales promotion．Short-term benefits，like excited feeling just after buying items encourage impulsive buying．But the long-term costs such as waste of money and the sense of shame really annoy you．When seeing the advertisements，remember what you really want to buy originally and warn yourself of that terrible feeling．Only in this way can you save money for really needed things．
Yours，
Rachel
（1）Judy felt it a shame to．
A．complain to others about the poverty of her family
B．waste her parents' money on unneeded things
C．buy cheap things at lower prices or with less money
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（2）Which of the following is true of impulsive buying according to Rachel？
A．It is designed by shops to draw customers' attention．
B．It can be brought under control with the help of stores．
C．It is planned by buyers with the purpose of saving money．
D．It is done by customers without considering its bad effects．
（3）In face of sales promotion Judy is advised to．
A．have belief in her own immediate decision
B．check the quality of the goods at low prices
C．stay calm by thinking about what she really needs
D．take the chance to learn more about stores tricks
（4）How do buyers usually feel in the long run after buying discounted things？
A．Regretful．
B．Thrilled．
C．Relaxed．
D．Sceptical．發(fā)布：2025/1/10 8:0:1組卷：4引用：2難度：0.6 -
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B．It is located in London.
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（2）Which school offers the biggest discounts？
A．Burlington School.
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D．It offers General and Specialist English courses.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6 -
3．Ever since I graduated from high school I've worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer.However，making the transformation between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier.For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be unacceptable，getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is suffering.My friends never seem to understand why I'm so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
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D．He came to appreciate his college education.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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