2021-2022學(xué)年湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市麓山國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高一（下）入學(xué)英語(yǔ)試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分22.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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1．Food festivals are a common occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times.Whatever your taste，there's a food festival to match — no matter how specialized.
1.Meatopia
This three-day，London-based festival takes place at the end of August and is a meat lover's paradise.In addition to a range of legally sourced meat products，from juicy burgers to tender steaks，attendees can listen to live music，watch butchery demonstrations，and attend informal meat-based workshops.
2.The National Honey Show
If you have a sweet tooth，then it could be that the National Honey Show，which started in 1921 and is the largest event of its kind，is the place for you to be.This three-day event attracts many local entries who showcase their sweet golden honey，some of which is sold globally.
3.The Orange Sauce Festival
Have you heard about a festival that is devoted only to orange sauce？Held in Cumbria，this sweet，fragrant festival has been running for 3 years.What attracts people most is a competition to find the best homemade orange sauce.There are thousands of participants from over 30 different countries across the globe，bringing their local snacks to share here.
4.The Ginger and Spice Festival
If you'd prefer something with a little more kick to it，then you could attend The Ginger（姜） and Spice Festival held in Market Drayton.Unlike other food festivals，it celebrates its town's historic connection to Robert Clive，who returned from India with ginger.Because of this，they specialize in baking gingerbread，but also sell a range of traditional spices from mild to hot.
（1）What do Meatopia and the National Honey Show have in common？
A．They are of the same duration.
B．Both of them hold workshops.
C．Both of them originated from London.
D．Both of them have a long history.
（2）If you are interested in foreign food，which festival do you like best？
A．The Meatopia.
B．The Ginger and Spice Festival.
C．The National Honey Show.
D．The Orange Sauce Festival.
（3）What is special about the Ginger and Spice Festival？
A．It has something to do with a historic figure.
B．The ginger used in the festival is from India.
C．It sells spicy food.
D．The food is cooked by Robert Clive.組卷：18引用：9難度：0.5 -
2．When you choose a friend，you should be very careful.A good friend can help you study.You can have fun together and make each other happy.Sometimes you will meet fair weather（晴天） friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck，but when you are down，they will run away.How do know when I have found a good friend？I look for certain qualities of character，especially understanding，honesty and reliability（可靠）.
Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.He is not quick to judge.Instead，he tries to learn from otjye.airs.He puts himself in the other person's place，and he tries，to think of ways to be jye.ailpful.He is，also a good listener.
At the same time，however，a good friend is honest.He does not look for faults in otjye.airs.He notices their good pojye.aits.In short，good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability.I can always depend on a good friend if he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time.I can be sure that he will be there.If I need a favour，he will do his best to help me.If I am in trouble，he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special.A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.We should enjoy our lives，and we would enjoy our friendship.That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with.A good friend likes the same things I like.We share experience and learn from each other.A good friend has a good sense of humour，too.He likes to laugh with me.That is how we share in the joy of being friends.And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable，honest，and understanding，I know I've found a friend!
（1）If you have fair weather friends，what will happen to you？
A．You will become rich.
B．You can be sure that you get real friends.
C．You will be refused when you get into trouble.
D．They will give you all that they have when you need help.
（2）Which is the most important the writer thinks in choosing a friend？
A．Honesty.
B．Reliability.
C．Understanding.
D．A sense of humour.
（3）What does the underlined word "down" in Paragraph 1 mean？
A．Cloudy.
B．Unusual.
C．Unhappy.
D．Pleased.
（4）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A．the qualities of a friend
B．where to choose friends
C．how to get along with friends
D．the importance of having a friend組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5 -
3．Choosing what to wear can be a tricky problem，especially if you're a fashion victim.Trying to keep up with the latest styles involves regular visits to the shops and sometimes wasting money on expensive designer clothes.But when the fashion changes，these clothes are forgotten in the back of cupboards gathering dust，or just get thrown away.
There are many stores that now offer cheap 'fast fashion'— low-price items that imitate the styles of more expensive designer brands.Environmentalists are angered by the amount of energy involved in making these clothes and that many of them are made from non-recyclable materials.This means that items go into landfill or are just incinerated，which is responsible for 20% of the world's waste water，and 10% of carbon emissions.
This is something the fashion industry is becoming more aware of and has led to a new crop of biomaterials that replace wasteful textiles like cotton and leather.Examples include Pi?atex，a leather-like substance made from deserted pineapple leaves.It's been used in collections by Hugo Boss and H&M.And there's mycelium，the root structure of mushroom that's being used to create food，packaging and textiles.
Cotton is a very resource-intense crop to grow.Eleanor Lawrie says "about 15，000 liters of water are required to make one pair of jeans." So，buying organic cotton is a better choice.And there is also Tencel，also known as Lyocell，a natural product that's now growing in popularity.
"But creating sustainable textiles is only part of the battle.Buying second hand and buying fewer clothes are the obvious environmentally friendly choices." said Dr.Richard from Leeds School of Design. "I don't think you should consider buying any item of clothing unless you commit to 30 wears."
（1）Which of the following statements is correct？
A．Most people are not good at choosing what to wear.
B．The fashion industry tricks people into buying fashionable clothes.
C．Environmentalists are angry about buying fashionable clothes.
D．The cheap fast fashion industry should be to blame.
（2）Which word can replace the underlined word in paragraph 2？
A．donated
B．recycled
C．burnt
D．stored
（3）What clothes is an environmentalist most likely to buy？
A．Clothes made of cotton.
B．Clothes made of mushroom.
C．Clothes made of leather.
D．Clothes made of Tencel.
（4）What can we learn from Dr.Richard Blackburn's word？
A．Clothes made of cotton will benefit the environment.
B．Don't buy new clothes unless you make full use of the existing ones.
C．Second-hand clothes can be unhealthy for wearers.
D．Sustainable textiles will solve the environmental problems.組卷：1引用：3難度：0.5 -
4．A US government study has found that facial recognition technology is getting better at identifying people wearing masks.The study is part of an ongoing research by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST）.The agency has examined the effectiveness of more than 150 facial recognition systems on people wearing face coverings.The systems are powered by machine learning algorithms（算法）.
The first results of the study were announced in July，as health officials across the world urged people to wear masks to limit the spread of COVID-19.New findings were released this week.Police agencies have long used facial recognition technology to search for and help catch criminals.It can also be used to unlock phones or other electronic devices.Some robots use facial recognition technology to recognize the people they are communicating with.However，the wide use of masks in public has created major difficulties for such systems.
The study looked at facial recognition systems already in use before the pandemic.It also looked at systems specially developed to work on masked faces.The NIST said it processed a total of 6.2 million images for the experiment.People in the images were not actually wearing masks.So，the researchers digitally added different mask shapes to faces in the pictures for use in the study.In some cases，up to 70 percent of a person's face was covered in the images.Overall，the research shows the top-performing facial recognition systems fail to correctly identify unmasked individuals about 0.3 percent of the time and the failure rate rose to about 5 percent with masked images.Many of the lower performing algorithms，however，had much higher error rates with masked images — as high as 20 to 50 percent.
In the latest findings，researchers included results from 65 new facial recognition systems that have been developed since the start of the pandemic. "Some of these systems performed 'significantly better' than the earlier ones，" Mei Ngan，a lead researcher on the project，said in a statement.The study also found round-shaped masks— which cover only the mouth and nose — led to fewer errors than wider ones that stretch across the cheeks.The new study also ran tests to see whether different colored masks would affect error rates.The team used red，white，black and light blue.The research findings suggested that generally，the red and black masks led to higher failure rates than the other colors.
（1）How does the author mainly present the study finding？
A．By giving definitions and examples.
B．By giving examples and a brief description.
C．By presenting data and making a comparison.
D．By giving definitions and presenting data.
（2）According to the study，what has affected the effectiveness of facial recognition？
A．The speed of the machine learning algorithms.
B．The operators'skill in performing algorithms.
C．The number of the tested people.
D．The diversity of face coverings.
（3）Who is the most difficult to recognize？
A．A girl wearing a white round-shaped mask.
B．A lady with a red mask stretching across her cheeks.
C．A man wearing a light blue mask covering his mouth and nose.
D．A man wearing a black mask with his nose and mouth covered up.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the facial recognition systems？
A．Objective.
B．Negative.
C．Uncaring.
D．Doubtful.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
第二節(jié) （共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
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5．One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away.A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-waste — electronic items that are broken and not recycled.（1）
，but also because we lack the skills to repair them even if we know their value.Many millions of tons of televisions，phones，and other electronic equipment are abandoned each year.A UN report claims the 50 million tons of e-waste generated every year will be more than double to 110 million tons by 2050，making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world.（2）.
Recently，there's a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk.The BBC visited a Restart Project in London，which is one of many found around the world.One of its operators，F(xiàn)rancesco Calo，said that "This project makes total sense.（3）.Besides it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault."
（4）.An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting（提?。?these materials from electronic gadgets（小工具）.Apart from just being recycled，the European Union，for example，is trying to encourage manufacturers to reuse some extracted electronic components.（5）.With phones typically containing as many as 60 elements，this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.A.First of all，this project prolongs the life of electric objects.
B.It is partly because it's cheaper to replace them than fix them.
C.It is reported that many people have made a big fortune from it.
D.Now solutions have been put forward to give this e-waste a new life.
E.So it's thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional recycling.
F.As many electrical items contain valuable metals，another solution is e-waste mining.
G.One of the reasons is that people don't think their electronic items are fashionable enough.組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) （共1小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
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6．Until a few years ago，I had what most people would probably call a good life，for I had a（n）（1）
job that paid the bills；I had a good family that I was really close to，and I had a place to live in and money in the bank for trips and（2），and there was nothing much wrong in my life.（3），I was bored.
I wanted more.I wanted to live（4）and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the（5）ones of everyday life.But I was a little（6）.I had never had any（7）in myself.As a child，even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of（8），and even though I did get better as I got older，I never（9）that childhood shyness.And I tried everything，like reading books about confidence.I took tiny steps leading to my goals.But none of them really（10）.
So I decided that the small steps weren't enough.I signed up for the internship（實(shí)習(xí)期） of teaching English in Vietnam，a huge step which seems impossible，one that（11）me as much as it excited me.And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones.I was alone in a country where the food was strange and the streets were dirty.I had no idea whether I could（12）everything that this very strange environment would throw at me.
I spent more than five months in Vietnam，teaching，exploring and laughing，I'd learnt to（13）myself，my skills，my abilities and my decisions.After that，I returned home（14），even to myself，let alone to ojye.airs.The fear that had controlled my life and the self-doubt were completely（15）.
That one big chance changed everything for me，and in me.（1） A．permanent B．temporary C．informal D．demanding （2） A．scholarships B．rewards C．treats D．fines （3） A．Thus B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．However （4） A．easily B．brightly C．peacefully D．modestly （5） A．sweet B．unforgettable C．ordinary D．entertaining （6） A．a(chǎn)ddicted B．innocent C．outgoing D．a(chǎn)fraid （7） A．pride B．confidence C．enthusiasm D．shame （8） A．stress B．excitement C．confusion D．surprise （9） A．a(chǎn)dded to B．talked about C．got over D．suffered from （10） A．continued B．survived C．failed D．helped （11） A．ignored B．impressed C．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．terrified （12） A．a(chǎn)dopt B．handle C．transform D．obtain （13） A．trust B．a(chǎn)ccept C．excuse D．forgive （14） A．unconcerned B．unsatisfied C．unchangeable D．unrecognizable （15） A．picked up B．broken down C．worn away D．put off 組卷：2引用：1難度：0.3
第五部分 單句語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題0.5分，滿分5.0分）
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18．Make sure that you wear proper clothes when
（exercise）.組卷：43引用：1難度：0.6 -
19．The first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung
（efficient），muscle strength or flexibility.組卷：7引用：1難度：0.7