2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省湛江二十一中高二（下）期中英語試卷
發(fā)布：2024/5/5 8:0:9
第一部分 閱讀理解第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
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1． While bringing global change may take some time，these companies and individuals have already developed various ways to reduce plastic pollution.
Plastic Bank
According to its founder David Katz， "The only way to stop ocean plastic is to show the value to the collectors." The company does this by rewarding people who collect ocean plastic with cash，goods，or services.The garbage collected is recycled and sold to companies that pay above-market prices to help the cause.
Liter of Light
Since 2011，Liter of Light has been transforming plastic bottles into light sources （光源）.There are millions of people who have no access to electricity.The company attaches plastic bottles filled with water and bleach to roofs.They reflect sunlight into the dark，windowless homes during the day.When the sun sets，a micro solar panel （太陽能電池板） helps power an LED bulb （燈泡）.
The Ocean Cleanup Foundation
In 2013，18-year-old Boyan Slat dropped out of college to start The Ocean Cleanup Foundation.The young inventor developed the first operational cleanup system in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.The system is designed to collect the surface garbage as it floats past.The accumulated plastic will be brought to land for recycling.Slat believes his invention will allow us to clean 50 percent of the patch within five years.
（1）What does Plastic Bank mainly do to help reduce plastic pollution？
A．They invent various ways.
B．They reward the collectors.
C．They found a recycling company.
D．They call on the public to plant trees.
（2）How can plastic bottles become light sources？
A．By reflecting sunlight.
B．By producing electricity.
C．By working with a solar panel.
D．By being made into LED bulbs.
（3）What kind of person is Boyan Slat？
A．Learned and ambitious.
B．Devoted and dutiful.
C．Hard-working and optimistic.
D．Determined and creative.組卷：1引用：2難度：0.3 -
2．Exercise and a healthy diet in childhood leads to adults with bigger brains and lower levels of anxiety，according to a new research in mice.
Though diet and exercise are consistently recommended as ways to promote health，this study is the first to examine the long-lasting，combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life.
The researchers determined that early-life exercise generally reduced anxious behaviors in adults.It also led to an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.When fed "Western" style diets high in fat and sugar，the mice not only became fatter，but also grew into adults that preferred unhealthy foods.
These findings have recently been published in the journal Physiology and Behavior.To obtain them，the researchers divided the young mice into four groups - those with access to exercise，those without access，those fed a standard，healthy diet and those that ate a Western diet.
Mice started on their diets immediately after weaning（斷奶），and continued on them for three weeks，until they reached physical maturity.After an additional eight weeks of "washout"，during which all mice were housed without motion and on the healthy diet，the researchers did behavioral analysis and various measurements.
One of those they measured，leptin，is produced by fat cells.It helps control body weight primarily by lowering the sensation of hunger and also by increasing energy consumption.Early-life exercise increased adult leptin levels as well as fat mass in adult mice，regardless of the diet they ate.
Previously，the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome（腸道菌群） for life，even if they later eat more healthily.Going forward，the team plans to investigate whether fat or sugar is more responsible for the negative effects they measured in Western-diet-fed mice.
Together，both studies offer critical opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits.The findings may be relevant for understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with fatness.
（1）What is unique about the new study？
A．It involves adults' eating behavior.
B．It shows key elements for a long life.
C．It stresses separate impacts of exercise and diet.
D．It highlights joint effects of early exercise and diet.
（2）How did the researchers get the study results？
A．By trial and error.
B．By previous experience.
C．By experimenting on grouped mice.
D．By comparing mice with human beings.
（3）What is the main function of leptin？
A．It forms fat cells.
B．It brings down appetite.
C．It stimulates hunger.
D．It limits energy consumption.
（4）How does the author look at health interventions in early-life habits？
A．Favorably.
B．Critically.
C．Indifferently.
D．Doubtfully.組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5 -
3．Humans have been living and working on the space station for 20 years.Their meals are packaged，though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats from resupply missions.The longer that packaged food is stored，the more it loses nutrients like vitamin C and vitamin K.
Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance to sample each one.The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first Chili（辣椒）grown in space.The crew finally had a chance to taste the peppers after initially kicking off the plant experiment on the space station in July.
Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date because peppers take much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants.After growing for four months，the peppers were harvested on Friday.
Peppers provide a great source of vitamin C，as well as other key nutrients.Pepper plants self-pollinate，so they are easy to grow，and they are a pick-and-eat crop that doesn't have to be cooked.They are also safe to eat raw.
A side effect of life in zero gravity is that astronauts often lose some of their taste and smell，so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite.Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows astronauts to liven up their regular meals.But growing and tending to the plants can also produce other benefits.
Astronauts have described the joy from seeing-as well as smelling and caring for-leafy green plants on the space station that remind them of Earth.
"Growing colorful vegetables in space can have long-term benefits for physical and psychological health，" said Matt Romeyn，principal investigator for the experiment." We are discovering that growing plants and vegetables with colors and smells helps to improve astronauts' well-being."
（1）What does underlined "kicking off" in the 2nd paragraph mean？
A．Launch.
B．Complete.
C．Quit.
D．Announce.
（2）What makes Plant Habitat-04 one of the most complex plant experiments？
A．The technology.
B．Growing process.
C．The varieties of plants.
D．Growing time required.
（3）Why are peppers added to the menu for astronauts？
A．They are delicious.
B．They restore their appetite.
C．They help kill diseases.
D．They improve their memory.
（4）What is the suitable title for the text？
A．The Fun in the Space Life
B．The Common Goal in the Space Mission
C．The First Chili Peppers Grown in Space
D．A Research Finding from the Space Mission組卷：6引用：4難度：0.4
第三部分 寫作
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8．假定你是李華，想邀請外教Henry一起參觀中國詩詞大會（Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition）。請給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
（1）詩詞大會時間、地點(diǎn)（5月12下周日）；（2）舉辦該活動的目的和意義；（3）期待回復(fù)
注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；
（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5 -
9．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
A man came home from work late，tired and irritated（不耐煩的），to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door.
"Daddy，may I ask you a question？"
"Yeah sure，what is it？" replied the man.
"Daddy，how much do you make an hour？"
"That's none of your business.Why do you ask such a thing？" the man said angrily.
"I just want to know.Please tell me.How much do you make an hour？" pleaded the little boy.
"If you must know，I make ＄20 an hour."
"Oh，" the little boy replied，with his head down.Looking up，he said，"Daddy，may I please borrow ＄10？"
The father was angry，"If the only reason you asked that is that you can borrow some money to buy a silly toy or some other nonsense，then you march yourself straight to your room and go to bed.Think about why you are being so selfish.I work hard every day for such childish behavior." The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door.The man sat down and started to get even angrier about the little boy's questions. "How dare he ask such questions only to get some money？" he thought to himself.After about an hour or so，the man calmed down，and started to think：Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that ＄10 and he really didn't ask for money very often.The man went to the door of the little boy's room and opened the door. "Are you asleep，son？" he asked.
"No，daddy，I'm awake，" replied the boy.
"I've been thinking，maybe I was too hard on you earlier，" said the man. "It has been a long day and I took out my anger on you.Here's the ＄10 you asked for."
The little boy sat straight up，smiling. "Oh.Thank you，daddy!" he yelled.Then，reaching under his pillow he pulled out some crumpled（皺巴巴的） bills.
注意：
1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。
Paragraph 1：
The man，seeing that the boy already had money started to get angry again.__________________
Paragraph 2：
Not knowing what his son meant，the father just stood there，waiting for his boy's explanation.___________組卷：2引用：2難度：0.2