2021-2022學(xué)年北京市高三（上）入學(xué)英語試卷

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共 10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C .D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

• 1．Broken Bones Don't Get in the Way of a Big Break Matt Shilcock lives to dance- and he will break his bones to prove it.
     Shilcock，33，was born with osteogenesis imperfect（成骨不全癥）.It is effectively inevitable that bones in his body will break.Shilcock was in a wheelchair as he grew up in Adelaide ，until the determined teenager（1）

  it when he turned 15.
     He said，"I just felt like being in a wheelchair was stopping me from being able to participate in things，so if I don't take it to school，that's going to be the start of some kind of（2）

  . "
     He admits the decision led to "complications"."I definitely lost（3）

  of how many bones I've broken，" he said."If you experience something enough it becomes your norm."
     Having a regular day job was never going to happen（4）

  dance occupied Shilcock's mind.
     "I（5）

  took up dancing because it was just cheaper than physiotherapy.As I started to gain more confidence and competence moving my body，（6）

  injuries and coming back from injuries and learning my physical potential，just the（7）

  that came with that was really addictive，" he said.
     And so he began a career on the stage，with an 18-month acting course progressing to his first dance show in 2010 with the Restless Dance Company.He had gone from project to project for a decade before（8）

  the big one，a mentorship（顧問）with the acclaimed Australian Dance Theatre（ADT）last year.
     Shilcock has turned his hand to choreography（編舞）.He said he has given himself permission both to（9）

  or be great ，when audiences judge his choreographic work.
     It is the start of a gradual transition out of dancing that he admits will be（10）

  for his body to take.
  
  

  （1）	A．a(chǎn)ltered	B．a(chǎn)ccepted	C．a(chǎn)bandoned	D．a(chǎn)pproached
  （2）	A．change	B．ceremony	C．rule	D．routine
  （3）	A．count	B．control	C．sight	D．patience
  （4）	A．a(chǎn)lthough	B．unless	C．while	D．once
  （5）	A．a(chǎn)dditionally	B．consequently	C．initially	D．regularly
  （6）	A．a(chǎn)dding to	B．a(chǎn)dapting to	C．a(chǎn)ppealing to	D．a(chǎn)pplying to
  （7）	A．shock	B．interest	C．eagerness	D．excitement
  （8）	A．choosing	B．landing	C．offering	D．promoting
  （9）	A．beat	B．fail	C．return	D．a(chǎn)ttempt
  （10）	A．easier	B．funnier	C．quicker	D．smarter
  組卷：10引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)語法填空（共 10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

• 2．A In the first few seconds，the lobster was still alive.I suddenly remembered the recipe says lobster doesn't feel pain and will be dead in ten seconds，but it may keep（1）

  （move） because of muscle spasms（痙攣）.It made me feel more nervous to see it struggling and gradually stopping in the boiled pot.After around five minutes，I（2）

  （pull）it from the water.Then，here came another tough part：splitting its head from the body and then cutting the body into two pieces.Suddenly，somehow I felt a bit（3）

  （guilt） and scary.I felt the lobster was trying to deliver a warning with its staring eyes.
  B In a world that seems ever more likely to suffer from stress and anxiety，it's so incredibly important for children to learn（4）

  to switch off.We want children to let off steam，to relax and unwind and they do this so well through play.As children enter their school years，they can start to feel pressure（5）

  mainly comes from school and academia.Thankfully，playgrounds are a great way for them to play，interact and enjoy themselves.As they become more（6）

  （physical） active，their mental health and wellbeing improve as well.
  C Is there an ethic（倫理）of memory？In his book The Ethics of Memory，Avishai Margalit pursues an idea that the past，connecting people to each other，（7）

  （make）possible the kinds of "thick" relations we can call truly ethical.Thick relations，he argues，are those that we have with family and friends，lovers and neighbors，our tribe and our nation--and they are all dependent on shared（8）

  （memory）.But we also have "thin" relations with total strangers，people（9）

  whom we have nothing in common except our common humanity.A central idea of the ethics of memory is that （10）

  radical evil attacks our shared humanity，we as human beings ought to remember the victims.
  組卷：23引用：1難度：0.3

  解析

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A .B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

• 3．The two-year Master's program Computational Linguistics is a research-oriented program.It is designed to provide more in-depth skills in specialized subjects building on the contents of a B.Sc.in Natural Language Processing or a related field.The program is characterized by an emphasis on team work，laboratory work and research skills.
     Which interests and skills should I have？
     The M.Se.Computational Linguistics is ideal for students with a background in Computer Science and Linguistics who want to study in an interdisciplinary，innovative environment.
     Which areas of specialization are there？
     Students can focus on one of the following areas by choosing specific elective courses：Core Computational Linguistics，Applied Natural Language Processing，Speech Processing，Computer Science.
     What job prospects are available to me after graduation？
     With an M.Sc.jye.ai Computational Linguistics，students are prepared for advanced academic or industrial research and development in Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing，or for working in companies involved with speech and language technologies.
     Typical fields of work include speech processing，automatic generation and analysis of texts，machine translation，electronic dictionaries，search technology，（social）media monitoring，or dialogue systems.Students with an M.Sc.jye.ai Computational Linguistics from Stuttgart work in renowned organizations not only in Germany，but also all over the world.
     What opportunities does my study program offer？
     In the 3rd semester，students can study abroad and use the credit points for their M.Sc.Computation Linguistics.Various partner institutions offer interesting courses in the CL field.
     What opportunities does the University of Stuttgart has to offer？
     Are you interested in going on exchange for a semester or two？Or would you rather do some research or attend a language course？Have you ever thought of joining a Summer School or planned an internship abroad？Whatever you have in mind for your exchange，the International Office will help you make your stay abroad an unforgettable experience.The first step will be to sign up online for our information sessions at the International Office that are offered on a regular basis.We look forward to your registration!
  
  （1）According to the passage，the two-year Master's program Computational Linguistics

  .
  A．a(chǎn)ttaches great importance to research skills
  B．gives students a guarantee of working abroad
  C．a(chǎn)sks students to focus on more specialized areas
  D．requires no basic knowledge of computer science
  （2）To study abroad in this program，students should first

  .
  A．do some related research
  B．a(chǎn)ttend a language course
  C．register online for meetings
  D．get the required credit points
  （3）Where is this text probably taken from？

  
  A．A college website.
  B．A popular magazine.
  C．An academic journal.
  D．A science newspaper.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共1小題；第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分，第43小題5分，共12分）

• 8．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。
      Quite contrary to general belief，it is not only bad guys that commit crimes，good guys do that too.Sadly enough，unlike in the movies，we can't actually divide the world into good and bad guys.Real life is never as simple as that.Just as diseases range from the common cold to serious forms of cancer，crimes also vary in degree.For example，smoking in an elevator will trouble people ，but much less than endangering them with a gun.
      Besides breaking the law themselves，people tolerate various levels of crime.Why？It may be that，by seeing others do something，we accept it more easily.For example，most people will find it easier to speed on a highway when everybody else is driving over the speed limit.So the people around us influence how much law-breaking we can tolerate.
      We must also wonder whether seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers makes us tolerate crime more than we should.We become used to seeing blood on the media.Because we see thousands of dead people on TV，maybe we just try to ignore the situation behind the violence.
      If so many citizens tolerate violence and crime，or even commit crimes themselves，it may simply be because of the human mind.Our minds may not care about specific laws.Instead，we may have a system of values that usually prevents us from hurting other people to improve our own lives.Yet，when it comes to respecting the rights of a mass of unknown individuals，we might not be so responsible.While most people would not steal a wallet containing ＄50，they may not mind cheating on taxes，because cheating on taxes does not hurt any single person.It hurts society，but "society" remains an abstract idea that is not as real as a certain person.
      When we realize that many people have mistaken belief about law-breaking，we could think it isn't surprising that so many people have a criminal record.How could we improve the level of honesty in our society？Would strict laws help make our society better？Probably not.Honesty will have to come from social pressure：in the family，at school，on the job，each and every one of us can encourage honesty by showing which behaviors are unacceptable.
  
  （1）What is the general belief about committing crimes？

  
  （2）What does the writer think of the violence on social media？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
  Some people do not mind cheating on taxes because they believe cheating on taxes is not a crime by nature.

  
  （4）How can we improve the level of honesty in our society？（about 40 words）
  組卷：8引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（20分）

• 9．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的美國筆友Jim來信詢問你觀看東京奧運會的情況，請你給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
  1.你喜歡的奧運項目；
  2.你觀看的感受。
  注意：1.詞數(shù)100詞左右。
  2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
  Dear Jim，
  _________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析