2020-2021學年甘肅省白銀市會寧一中高二（下）期末英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出最佳選項。

• 1．Here are some of the best apps that can help to push you into a more beneficial way of living.
     Habitica
     Habitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game，with its own characters and scoring.It's a lot of fun，and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family.In addition to regular repeating habits，you can add a more general to-do list，and the rewards you get can be customized too—you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.
     Smoke Free
     If you've got a specific habit in mind，then you'll usually find specific apps to help，like Smoke Free.If you're determined to give up smoking，then this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change.The app offers a host of useful features for people wanting to go smoke-free.The ability to see your progress over time，charts showing how your health is improving，day-by-day encouragement，and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.
     My Fitness Pal
     You can find a ton of health and fitness apps for your phone，but My Fitness Pal stands out not just because it is easy to use，but because it makes practical suggestions for you.It can take in a host of data，from the calories you're taking in to the number of swims you're doing per week，and offer reports on calorie consumption and macro nutrient breakdown.
  
  （1）What does Smoke Free provide users with？

  
  A．A general to-do list.
  B．Charts about the health condition.
  C．Week-by-week encouragement.
  D．Advice on healthy dieting.
  （2）What can My Fitness Pal help you do？

  
  A．Develop a good habit.
  B．Win a tough game easily.
  C．Order nutritious meals from a fancy restaurant.
  D．Know how much calorie you have consumed.
  （3）What do the three apps have in common？

  
  A．Being free of charge.
  B．Offering some advice to the users.
  C．Helping users develop a healthy lifestyle.
  D．Providing interesting games.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Ever since Earth formed roughly 4.5 billion years ago，its climate has gone through a number of incredible changes.
     All you have to do is look at images of the Jurassic Period （侏羅紀時期） to know that at one time，much of our planet was covered in extremely hot and humid jungle.Skip ahead a couple million years and you get to an ice age event，when global temperature experienced a huge drop.While many species were not able to deal with these changing climate patterns，others successfully adapted，and some are even still with us today.Now，as humanity pushes the planet closer to another extreme climate event，scientists are eager to find out how the world's species will react.The idea was highlighted in a study published on April 6 in the journal PNAS，which showed that between 1970 and 2010，open water species such as lobsters and fish had declined by about half in tropical marine zones across the globe because over the 40-year time period，sea temperatures in those regions had risen by roughly 0.2°C.
     The lower numbers aren't a sign of all the sea creatures dying off though.In fact，the scientists found some of them outside of their traditional habitats，meaning that if a species can migrate to cooler waters and adapt in a new environment，they will.
     However，those movements aren't always a good thing；species that can't move，such as coral，which is fixed to the seabed，rely on the fish and other sea creatures to contribute to the natural food chain and stay healthy.Additionally，when a non-native species moves into a new area，it threatens to disrupt the ecosystem that already exists there.
     Depending on the species，it can take anywhere from one generation to thousands and thousands of years to properly adapt，so the changes that have occurred in just the last 40 years are very troubling for scientists.As Sebastian Ferse，an ecologist at the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research，Germany，explained，"In geological history，this has occurred in the blink of an eye.To see such changes occurring so rapidly is something quite alarming."
  
  （1）What can we infer from Paragraph 2？

  
  A．Global temperature experienced a huge drop during Jurassic Period.
  B．Most species were able to deal with the changing climate patterns.
  C．Some species that adapted to the climate changes survived.
  D．Much of our planet was covered in humid jungle during ice age event.
  （2）How did some sea creatures survived climate changes according to the scientists？

  
  A．By changing their food chain.
  B．By moving to other places and adapted.
  C．By adjusting their own temperature.
  D．By human beings' protecting.
  （3）What does the underlined word "disrupt" in Paragraph 4 mean？

  
  A．Improve.
  B．Balance.
  C．Establish.
  D．Disturb.
  （4）Which word best describes scientists' attitudes to the migration of species？

  
  A．Negative.
  B．Optimistic.
  C．Objective.
  D．Indifferent.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

• 3．If you've ever had a dog，you know just how deep a connection you can develop with "man's best friend".But a dog's life is much shorter than humans，about 12 to 15 years long，which means every dog owner has to go through the heart-breaking moment when their loving pet passes away.
     Why not make a clone of that dog then？This is the solution offered by a South Korean company，Sooam Biotech Research Foundation.The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs，mostly for US customers，ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005.Now，Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well，offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.
     To clone a dog，researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died.Meanwhile，another dog is selected to supply an egg.Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb（子宮）of a female dog.The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.The whole process takes less than a day，but it comes at a shockingly high price — around ￡63，000.But if you can't afford it now，you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.
     However，magical as cloning might sound，there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one.Just like identical twins of humans，they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them."The spots on a Dalmatian （斑點狗） clone will be different，for example." Insung Hwang，head of Sooam Biotech，told The Guardian.
     Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not "cloneable".Apart from genes，personality is also determined by upbringing and environment，which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome，Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University，UK，told The Telegraph.
     Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.Kirkwood，a dog owner himself，pointed out，"An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go."
  
  （1）What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer？

  
  A．Making copies of pet dogs.
  B．Giving pet dogs identical twins.
  C．Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.
  D．Helping dog owners love their dogs more.
  （2）Which order is correct in the dog cloning process？

  
  a.An egg is taken from another dog.
  b.A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.
  c.The egg grows into a puppy in two months.
  d.The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.
  e.The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.
  A．a(chǎn)→d→b→e→c
  B．a(chǎn)→e→b→d→c
  C．b→a→d→e→c
  D．b→a→e→d→c
  （3）What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage？

  
  A．It has not been put into practice until recently.
  B．It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.
  C．It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.
  D．It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.
  （4）What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning？

  
  A．He disagrees with it.
  B．He supports it.
  C．He is curious about it.
  D．He thinks it unbelievable.
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

第三部分 寫作 （ 共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分 ）第一節(jié) 短文改錯 （ 共 10 小題；每小題 l 分，滿分 10 分 ）

• 8．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
  增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下寫出該加的詞．
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
  修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
  注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
      Last week our teacher announced that a Chinese Character Dictation Competition will be held in the auditorium on July 3．Many of us were interested and hoped to join in it，and only one competitor was allowed for each class．Luckily，I got chance．
      In the following days，I busied me preparing for the competition．My classmates gave me a lot of good advices．As the competition was approaching，I felt more and more confident．The day finally came．Some characters were very challenging that many of the competitors got stuck while I succeeded on writing down most of them and won the first prize．When I was standing excited on the stage，pictures of my classmates helps me flashed into my mind．The victory and honor were belonged to all of us．
  組卷：6引用：5難度：0.7

  解析

第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分 25 分）

• 9．假定你是李華，在"用英語寫中國故事"比賽中獲一等獎。請你用英文寫一篇演講稿，和同學們分享你的寫作經(jīng)驗，內(nèi)容包括：
  1.閱讀和背誦英語美文；
  2.注重詞匯和語法的學習；
  3.養(yǎng)成寫英語日記的習慣。
  注意：
  1.詞數(shù) 100 左右；
  2.開頭和結尾已為你寫好。
      Hello，everyone!I'm Li Hua.I'm glad to_________.
      That's all.Thank you.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析