2022-2023學(xué)年河南省洛陽(yáng)市孟津第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高三（下）月考英語(yǔ)試卷（一）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 1．A new study focuses on K2-l8 b，an exoplanet（系外行星） discovered in 2018，which orbits a red dwarf star close enough to receive about the same amount of radiation from its star as Earth does from our sun．
     Recently，scientists have discovered gas giants that have water in their atmospheres，but this is the least giant planet ever to have water detected in its atmosphere． "The water detection was quite clear to us relatively early on， "lead author Bjorn Benneke，a professor at the Institute for Research on Exoplanets at the Universite de Montreal，told Space．com in an interview．
     "Studies have suggested that planets with hydrogen-rich atmospheres could host certain forms of life．" Benneke said．However， "K2-18 b's large atmosphere is extremely thick and creates high-pressure conditions，which likely prevents life as we know it from existing on the planet's surface．" a news release reads．While these researchers found evidence for liquid water clouds on K2-18 b，because of its lack of surface，rain wouldn't pool on the planet．Without a real surface，so to speak，landing on the planet would also be nearly impossible to land on，especially because the gas is so thick and has such an incredibly high pressure that any Earth-created spacecraft sent there would be destroyed．
     Benneke suggests that，possibly，this planet formed by rock absorbing large amounts of gas， "like a vacuum cleaner， "he said．The gas absorbed would have more than doubled the planet and increased its volume eightfold．
     To come to these conclusions，the research team analyzed data from Hubble Space Telescope observations that they made between 2019 and 2020 of the K2-18 b planet passing in front of its star eight times．This type of research，Benneke said，is leading toward a final goal of "being able to study real，true earth-like planets"． "We are not quite there yet， "he said，"but this is really exciting．"
  
  （1）Why is it impossible to land on the K2-18 b？

  
  A．It has thin gas．
  B．It doesn't have a real surface．
  C．It has too much water．
  D．It is too far from the earth．
  （2）How does K2-18 b expand according to Benneke？

  
  A．By releasing gas itself．
  B．By receiving radiation from the sun．
  C．By taking in much gas by rocks．
  D．By getting away from the red dwarf star．
  （3）What can we infer from the last paragraph？

  
  A．Scientists are making progress in studying real earth-like planets．
  B．It is impossible for humans to land on other earth-like planets．
  C．Scientists have succeeded in exploring K2-18 b completely．
  D．The K2-18 b planet has passed before its star eight times between 2019 and 2020．
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．The first model of Apple's iPhone was launched in June 2007.Since then，many different smartphones have been introduced.The devices now influence our daily lives in many ways.One thing that has changed is that many people now use their phones to easily take pictures without the need for a camera.Not surprisingly，this change has caused major business problems for camera manufacturers.
     Of course，the camera built into the first iPhone 15 years ago did not include a high-quality camera able to compete with separate camera models.But over the years，smartphone makers have invested heavily in research and development to change that.Today，many smartphones have high-quality cameras designed to produce better pictures.And most phone devices also offer powerful tools to improve the quality of the pictures we take.
      Japan's Camera &Tmaging Products Association （CIPA） said the digital camera market continually expanded starting in 1999.It experienced its first decrease in 2009 — and continued to fall jye.aireafter.The biggest change appeared from 2010 to 2020，when worldwide camera shipments fell about 93 percent，CIPA reported.The decreases were mainly caused by drops in shipments of digital cameras that have built-in lenses.
     However，camera makers have had more success selling digital cameras with interchangeable lenses.This is because these cameras are generally targeted at professional photographers who demand higher quality.Such cameras can produce "high image quality that distinguishes them from smartphones，" CIPA said.
     But this does not mean that professional photographers never use smartphones to capture pictures.Brynn Anderson is based with the AP in Atlanta，Georgia.She said： "Sometimes being a photographer with a larger camera can be intimidating to the person being photographed.Using a phone makes it easier for me to get comfortable moments that might not happen otherwise." Rodrigo Abd，an AP photographer in Buenos Aires，Argentina says using the iPhone makes it easier for him "to always be attentive" to everyday events when not covering a news story.Oded Balilty is based in Tel Aviv，Israel. "It is definitely an alternative tool，" he said of the iPhone.But he added： "It's the photographer not the device，that determines the quality of a photo."
  
  （1）What is the potential cause of the first decrease of digital cameras in 2009？

  
  A．Less money was invested to improve digital cameras.
  B．Cameras had been built into smartphones and improved.
  C．Fewer digital cameras with built-in lenses were produced.
  D．The digital camera market stopped promoting new products.
  （2）Why do digital cameras with interchangeable lenses enjoy good sales.

  
  A．They are more affordable.
  B．They have superb shooting quality.
  C．They offer the power to beautify photos.
  D．They are specially designed for professionals.
  （3）What does the underlined word "intimidating " in the last paragraph probably mean？

  
  A．Amusing.
  B．Demanding.
  C．Rewarding.
  D．Scaring.
  （4）What does Oded Balilty mean？

  
  A．The level of the photographer depends on the iPhone.
  B．The iPhone completely replaces his professional tool.
  C．The professional skills of the photographer is crucial.
  D．The iPhone enables him to work at any time and place.
  組卷：0引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．The sun is setting，brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves．You reach for your phone for this perfect moment．But before you do，here's a bit of surprising science：Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think．
     Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain's ability to keep memories，says Elizabeth Loftus，a psychology professor at the University of California，Irvine．So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory．
     Photography "outsources" memories．It works in two ways：We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures，or we're so distracted（分散注意力的） by the process that we miss the moment altogether．
     The first explanation is the loss of memory．People know that their camera is recording that moment，so they don't try to remember．Similarly，if you write down someone's phone number，you're less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there's just no need．That's all well and good—until that piece of paper goes missing．
     The other is distraction．We're distracted by the process of taking a photo—how we hold our phone，composing the photo，such as smiling faces，the background to our liking and clear image，all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize．
     However，taking photos can benefit memory—when done mindfully．While taking a photo may be distracting，the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has some upsides．When people take the time to zoom in（拉近鏡頭） on specific things，memories become strengthened．
  Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately with the photos．Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences．Thus，photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened．
     Memories die away without a visual record backing them up．Therefore，a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully，which is worth exploring further．
  
  （1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph？

  
  A．To introduce the topic．
  B．To call on readers not to take photos．
  C．To show the interest in taking photos．
  D．To make us think of similar experience．
  （2）Why does photography "outsource" memories？

  
  A．Photos are more detailed than memories．
  B．Taking photos is helpful for us to memorize．
  C．People depend more on photos to remember than their brains．
  D．Many sources influence people's memories during photo-taking．
  （3）What may likely be discussed next？

  
  A．Situations when taking photos is better．
  B．How to stay focused while taking photos．
  C．When distraction is most likely to happen．
  D．How to use photo-taking to memorize better．
  （4）Which of the following could be the best title for the text？

  
  A．Photography Does Help to Memories
  B．Too Many Photos Taken Results in Poor Memories
  C．Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
  D．The Fewer Photos We Take，the Better We Will Remember
  組卷：1引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)

• 8．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
  增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
  修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
  注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  2 .只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
      It's time to say goodbye.I can't help recalling those beautiful days we spent them together.You are the very person who gives me the hand when I need help.You are the more considerate person who knows exactly that I need.Do you still remember that night two years ago？When I suddenly fall ill，it was you who carried me on your back to the hospital.You took well care of me when I was in hospital.Later，you managed help me with my lessons.With your help，I would have failing in the exams.I still have hundreds of story to share with you.I still have thousands of blessing for you.May all your dreams come true!May our friendship last forever!
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

• 9．推行垃圾分類，提倡低碳生活是全民活動(dòng)，你班英語(yǔ)課堂將舉行主題為"Let's Go Green Now"的英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你寫一篇演講稿。內(nèi)容包括：
  （1）倡導(dǎo)綠色生活的原因；
  （2）實(shí)踐途徑（至少兩點(diǎn)）。
  注意：
  （1）詞數(shù)80左右（首尾已給出，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)）；
  （2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
      Boys and girls，
                 
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.7

  解析