北師大版選修7《Unit 21 Human Biology》2018年單元測試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
Ⅰ.閱讀理解（滿分30分）
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1．Autumn blues？Let the sunshine in Falling leaves，flowers，and cold winds，for many people late autumn can be a season of depression．
Those who suffer from"the autumn blue"are often extremely tired，lack energy，need more sleep，feel increased appetite and gain weight．"The exact cause of this condition，often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder （SAD），is not known yet，"says Chen Jue，associate professor at Shanghai Mental Health Center．"But recent studies indicate that weather change is influential and strongly suggest that this condition is caused by changes in the availability（得到） of sunlight．"
One theory is that with decreased exposure to sunlight，the biological clock that regulates mood，sleep，and hormones is delayed，running more slowly in winter．Exposure to light may reset the biological clock．Another theory is that brain chemicals that transmit information between nerves，called neurotransmitters （for example，serotonin），may be changed in individuals with SAD．It is believed that exposure to light can correct these imbalances．"It is a sad season，but you can try to make it happy．Remember，spring always lives in your heart，"Chen says．"Going outdoors to get some sunlight may reduce the tension that brings you the low spirits．Relax at work．Stretch，breathe deeply．Take a tea break．Think of your next vacation．Color treatment also works in handling low mood．Music also plays a role in treating autumn blues．"
（1）Autumn blues is also called autumn．
A．sunshine
B．depression
C．blue music
D．cold winds
（2）From the third paragraph we know that there that can help to deal with autumn blues．
A．is no biological clock
B．is a real example
C．is no possibility
D．a(chǎn)re certain ways
（3）Which of the following is true according to the text？
A．People feel tired in autumn．
B．Weather doesn't change people．
C．Autumn blues can be feelings of happiness．
D．The real cause for autumn blues is still unknown．
（4）Which of the following CAN'T you do in order to deal with autumn blues？
A．Take outdoor activities or sports．
B．Eat more food very low in calories and sugar．
C．Keep the balance of nerves that transmit information．
D．Reset the biological clock regulating mood，sleep and hormones．組卷：5引用：3難度：0.7 -
2．Exploit your parking space
An unused parking space or garage can make money．If you live near a city center or an airport，you could make anything up to ￡200 or ￡300 a week．Put an advertisement （廣告） for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark．
Rent （出租） a room
Spare room？Not only will a lodger （房客） earn you an income，but also，thanks to the governmentbacked "rent a room" program，you won't have to pay any tax on the first ￡4，500 you make per year．Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommate easy．
Make money during special events
Don't want a fulltime lodger？Then rent on a shortterm basis．If you live in the capital，renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money，Grashpadder can advertise your space．
Live on set
Renting your home out as a "film set" could earn you hundreds of pounds a day，depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed．A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free-but you will be charged if your home gets picked．
Use your roof
You need the right kind of roof，but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment（around ￡14，000），and let you use the energy produced for nothing．In return，they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid．However，you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier，which could prevent you from changing the roof．
（1）If you earn ￡5，000 from renting a room in one year，the tax you need to pay will be based on．
A．￡500
B．￡800
C．￡4500
D．￡ 5000
（2）Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event？
A．On Letpark．
B．On Grashpadder．
C．On Roomspare．
D．On Roommateeasy．
（3）If you want to use energy free，you have to．
A．sign an agreement with the government
B．pay around ￡14，000 for the equipment
C．keep the roof unchanged for within 25 years
D．sell the roof to some energy companies
（4）For whom the text most probably written？
A．Lodgers．
B．Advertisers．
C．Online companies
D．House owners．組卷：1引用：1難度：0.6 -
3．more advanced degrees a person has，the lower his blood pressure is，a study published online has found．An analysis（分析）of some 4，000 patient records from the 30 year Framingham Offspring Study found that，only considering age，women with 17 years or more of education，a master's or doctor's degree，had systolic（收縮的）blood pressure readings 3.26 mmHg lower than female high school dropouts．"Men who went to graduate school had systolic blood pressure readings that were 2.26 mmHg lower than the people who did not finish high school，" the study，published online in the open access journal BMC Public Health says．
The same inverse relationship between education and blood pressure was also seen，although to a lesser degree，in men and women who got bachelor's degrees（學(xué)士學(xué)位）at university but did not continue on to graduate school．They showed greater blood pressure benefits than high school dropouts but lesser benefits than holders of master's or doctor's degrees，the study found．Even after considering influences such as smoking，drinking and overweight，the benefits continued to exist，although at a lower level．
The study could help explain the widely documented relation in developed countries between education and lower risk of heart disease，said lead author Eric Loucks，an assistant professor of public health at Brown University in Rhode Island．Blood pressure is "one of the biological bases of heart disease，" said Loucks，asking policymakers who want to improve public health to think about improving access to education．
The study focused on systolic blood pressure over diastolic（舒張的）blood pressure because "systolic high blood pressure is more common than diastolic high blood pressure．"
（1）The underlined word"inverse"in the 2nd paragraph has the same meaning as．
A．funny
B．common
C．wrong
D．opposite
（2）Which of the following people has the highest systolic blood pressure？
A．A woman who dropped out of high school．
B．A woman who got a bachelor's degree．
C．A woman who got a master's degree．
D．A woman who got a doctor's degree．
（3）The purpose of the last paragraph is to．
A．make a summary of the text
B．provide another latest research result
C．lead in a new topic for the following paragraphs
D．explain why systolic blood pressure was the subject of the study
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A．The Main Cause of Low Blood Pressure
B．Blood Pressure Depending on Education
C．Advanced Degrees Related to Lower Blood Pressure
D．Practical Ways to Treat Systolic High Blood Pressure組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）
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8．It was extreme cold last Monday morning． While I was walking in my way to school， I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street． Seeing them are working so hard on such a cold morning， I was moved and made up my mind do something for them． After arriving at school， I discussed with some classmates that we could do． The next day， we got up early and preparing porridge at home． When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work， they looked a little surprising at first． And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily． Since it was very cold， we all felt warm at that moment．
組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
Ⅵ.書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
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9．假如你叫李華，你校英語報(bào)社開辟了"Reader's Voice"專欄，邀請讀者針對一些熱點(diǎn)問題發(fā)表自己的看法．請你以Should high school students study abroad during the holidays？為題，寫一篇英語短文投稿．主要內(nèi)容包括：
1．分析高中生出國游學(xué)的利弊；
2．闡述你對此現(xiàn)象的看法．
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右．開頭已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)．
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫．
Should high school students study abroad during the holidays？
In recent years more and more high school students study abroad during the holidays．組卷：22引用：2難度：0.1