2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州市天河區(qū)高二（上）期末英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共3小題；每小題9分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A，B，C，D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 1．Humpback whales are superb singers with complex vocal performances that last for tens of minutes，often repeated for many hours.An album of their songs gained worldwide fame in the 1970s and is still the best-selling recording of nature sounds ever made.
     Only male humpbacks sing，and all the singers in a wide sea area deliver the same songs in the same way during each year.But songs vary between populations.North Atlantic humpbacks，for example，sing different ones to those in the North Pacific.Songs also vary every year，sometimes slightly，sometimes with more radical shifts.
     These song patterns allowed a team from the University of Queensland，Australia to see how precisely humpbacks in different geographical populations can match each other's songs.Using seven years of recordings，the researchers took a deep dive into the details of six song types made by humpbacks from eastern Australia，which were learned a year later by whales around New Caledonia — an island group around 1，200 km away.
     "We found they actually learned the exact sounds，without simplifying or leaving anything out，" says Jenny Allen，who led the study. "Each year we observed them，they sang a different song，so it means humpback whales can learn an entire song pattern from another population very quickly，even if it's complex or difficult."
     Such copying is remarkable — a bit like a human hearing opera，then singing it back perfectly.It also suggests cultural sharing.Songs are likely being learned on migration routes or at feeding grounds.
  
  （1）Why does the author mention the album of whales' songs？

  
  A．To stress how popular it is.
  B．To show humpbacks can sing for long.
  C．To prove how well humpbacks can sing.
  D．To explain the necessity of whale research.
  （2）What can we know about humpbacks from Paragraph 2？

  
  A．Females sing the same songs with males.
  B．They change their songs during each year.
  C．They produce the exact same songs every year.
  D．Their singing patterns among groups are distinct.
  （3）What is the research finding about humpbacks？

  
  A．They learn a song quickly when it is easy.
  B．They can sing an opera perfectly as humans.
  C．Different groups keep their songs to their own.
  D．They can learn a song from another group accurately.
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

• 2．Researchers are building a database of human voices that they'll use to develop A-based tools that could eventually diagnose （診斷） serious dseases；they're targeting everything from Alzheimer's to cancer.The National Institutes of Health-funded project is an effort to turn the human voice into something that could be used as a biomarker for disease，like blood or temperature.
     The research team will start by building an app that will collect voice data from participants with conditions like Alzheimer's disease，Parkinson's disease，depression，and autism.They would be asked to say sounds，read sentences，and read full texts through the app.
     Then，they'll use the datasets to build AI models that could detect the various conditions.The research team is working with the medical AI company Owkin to build and train the AI models in the project.The model learns separately on each dataset，and then the results of those trainings comeback to a central location.Then，the updated combined model is sent back out to each of the locations，and the process begins again.
     That lends an additional layer of privacy protection to the voice data，which is unique in that it can be easily tied back to the person it comes from.People's voices are easily identifiable，even if their name is removed.A team of bioethicists （生物倫理學(xué)家） is working on the project to study whether it is morally and legally acceptable to build a voice database and to diagnose diseases based on it.They're going to be thinking through，for example，if voice is protected and whether patients own their own voice data.
     For now，the new research program isn't interested in building programs for home devices.It's focused on developing tools that would be used by doctors in doctor's offices and clinics.It'd be particularly helpful in lower-resourced settings where someone might not be able to see a specialist.
  
  （1）What do the second and third paragraphs focus on？

  
  A．The research tools.
  B．The research process.
  C．The research method.
  D．The research background.
  （2）Who might benefit most from the project？

  
  A．Some medical institutions.
  B．Nursing homes for the elderly.
  C．Villagers living in remote areas.
  D．Citizens with access to family doctors.
  （3）What can be a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．Your voice might diagnose diseases.
  B．AI models are built with joint efforts.
  C．Voices are collected to cure diseases.
  D．An app is being built to collect voice data.
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

• 3．I am drawn to the peace and pure beauty of primary nature.Being in it heightens my perceptions and narrows my focus.As I concentrate on the surroundings，an inner stillness fill me and helps mega in a sense of place.This was the case when I packed my camera equipment and explored some of Europe's old-growth forests to highlight these unique environments that have remained untouched for centuries，despite threats of human disturbance.
     The visits were often challenging because of unfavorable weather conditions and the distances I had to cover while going multiple times to the locations for a good picture.But the joy of the experience always prevailed.Hiking off trail through the foggy laurel forests of Madeira，I was enveloped by trees that may have been up to 800 years old and whose trunks provided me with shelter when clouds released a sudden down-pour.It felt like entering a holy space.
     Wandering in the Scots pine forests of northern Sweden and the mountain tree lines of southern Norway rewarded me with the sense of freedom I always get in the Scandinavian wilderness.The beech （山毛櫸） stands rising from the steep slopes of Italy kept me in awe of the power that forests protected from development can possess.I feel honoured that I was allowed access to explore and photograph these wonderlands.
     Except Russia，only about 2 percent of the forest areas in Europe are primary，or have never been cleared，reflecting a dazzling richness of life that once filled vast wooded ecosystems.Most of the areas are now protected，but as the human population continues to grow—with disastrous impacts on the planet and its living creatures—the future of these forests is far from certain.I hope that they will still be standing for many centuries more.
  
  （1）Why does the author like to explore the forests in Europe？

  
  A．To help protect the vast ecosystems.
  B．To experience the beauty and peace.
  C．To improve his skill of taking photos.
  D．To enjoy the feeling of being challenged.
  （2）What does the underlined word "prevailed" in paragraph 2 mean？

  
  A．Won out.
  B．Piled up.
  C．Ran out.
  D．Faded away.
  （3）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？

  
  A．Most forests in Europe are kept as what they were.
  B．People have free access to these primary forests.
  C．The increasing population causes the destruction of forests.
  D．The author prefers the trees of Norway to the beech stands in Italy.
  （4）How does the author feel about the future of those primary forests？

  
  A．Hopeful.
  B．Concerned.
  C．Uninterested.
  D．Not clear.
  組卷：6引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 4．If a great philosopher，and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success，would you try to follow it too？Here's what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote： "It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth." And Charles Dickens made his point： "If I could not walk far and fast，I think I should just explode and perish."
     Are you still sitting there reading this？Get walking!It's not just these two great minds who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster.（1）

  A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting.Another famous-person example：As part of his daily writing routine，Kurt Vonnegut would take amid-morning break from his office to walk and then swim before eventually returning to work.
     The movement aspect of walking is obviously key.You've probably heard the phrase Exercise Your Creativity，which refers to the brain as muscle.（2）

  .This is exactly why walking—with your dog，a friend，or alone—feeds creative thinking.
     （3）

  A survey reveals that Americans spent 87 percent of their time indoors，making it hard to wonder or create.A walk can help.Just by going outside，you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone，which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood.You can walk through a park and observe people wandering or birds singing.（4）

  
     （5）

  Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world，to hear conversations and natural sounds，to notice the way people move，the way the sun reflects in a puddle.Walk not just for exercise.Walk for wonder.
  
  A．However，we are easily addicted to phones.
  B．Walking helps us build our muscles and keep fit.
  C．But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat.
  D．Our creative mindset comes out of physical movement.
  E．So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking？
  F．Researchers have traced numerous connections between walking and generating ideas.
  G．Even when you walk down a street，you can't help but get distracted by the child pointing to a dog.
  組卷：6引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A，B，C，D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 5．Steph Clemence always intended to go to college.But life has a tendency to throw.（1）

  in the way.Growing up，she led a（n）（2）

  life because her mother，who divorced and remarried several times，was always on the move.By the time she was at senior high，Steph had lived in 25 places.
     Still，she had good （3）

  and dreamed to go to college.But when her stepfather died tragically in a car accident，leaving her mother to support three daughters on a（n）（4）

  income，paying for college became impossible.After graduating from senior high school，Steph got married，found a job，and tried to （5）

  what to do with a life that was so different from the plans he'd carefully laid out.
     The（6）

  came one afternoon when she was cleaning her bedroom closet.Inside a box of files she（7）

  .an old handout titled "Mrs.Clark's Book List." Steph remembered it was given by Mrs.Clark，her English teacher at her junior school，who said to the （8）

  "Even though some of you might not go on to higher education，you can（9）

  to learn."
     And so it （10）

  .The first book was Bulfinch's Mythology. "I was hopeful and determined to （11）

  myself，" she says.Steph had always read for（12）

  — magazines，true-crime books，mysteries，and romance novels.Now she would add Mrs.Clark's suggestions to the mix.Starting at the top，she would read every book in the order they appeared.When she（13）

  went to college，she said that she'd be further along than the other freshmen.Each of those books sparked （點(diǎn)燃） her（14）

  to learn more.That made her（15）

  other books that weren't on the list，hoping to（16）

  her knowledge.
     Unlike many people who crack open a book in bed before sleep，Steph （17）

  to read while sitting in a chair with a cup of coffee. "The books have opened so many doors for me about race，history and politics，" she says. "I'm no （18）

  ，but I now have the background to see why things happened and what it might mean."
     Thanks to a simple classroom（19）

  ，at least one young woman who couldn't afford college has （20）

  her life by reading the works on the list.
  
  

  （1）	A．lessons	B．honour	C．difficulties	D．opportunities
  （2）	A．travelling	B．working	C．exciting	D．interesting
  （3）	A．friends	B．teachers	C．grades	D．books
  （4）	A．modest	B．large	C．extra	D．regular
  （5）	A．look for	B．figure out	C．talk about	D．write down
  （6）	A．decision	B．a(chǎn)mbition	C．conclusion	D．a(chǎn)nswer
  （7）	A．hid	B．removed	C．spotted	D．placed
  （8）	A．group	B．class	C．school	D．a(chǎn)udience
  （9）	A．return	B．promise	C．continue	D．a(chǎn)gree
  （10）	A．formed	B．began	C．lasted	D．remained
  （11）	A．enjoy	B．a(chǎn)ccept	C．trust	D．improve
  （12）	A．pleasure	B．knowledge	C．education	D．information
  （13）	A．unexpectedly	B．confidently	C．a(chǎn)ccidentally	D．eventually
  （14）	A．passion	B．imagination	C．creativity	D．courage
  （15）	A．order	B．seek	C．buy	D．borrow
  （16）	A．show	B．check	C．a(chǎn)pply	D．deepen
  （17）	A．prefers	B．intends	C．tries	D．manages
  （18）	A．teacher	B．expert	C．reader	D．leader
  （19）	A．lecture	B．lesson	C．discussion	D．handout
  （20）	A．lived	B．started	C．changed	D．challenged
  組卷：6引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 6．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
     Mountain gorillas，which are found in the forests of the Democratic Republic of Conga，Uganda and Rwanda，（1）

  （face） multiple threats to their survival over the last 120 years.Due to poaching（盜獵），habitat （2）

  （lose） and human-caused illnesses，there were only around 600（3）

  （leave） by 1989.
     Today，that number has increased to more than 1000—thanks in part to the work of Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka.（4）

  Kalema-Zikusoka began her career with the Uganda Wildlife Authority in 1996，she treated mountain gorillas （5）

  （suffer） from a deadly illness which they had picked up from humans living in unsanitary （不衛(wèi)生的） conditions near the forests. "I realized that you cannot protect the gorillas （6）

  improving the health of their human neighbours，"she says.
     In 2003，she founded Conservation Through Public Health（CTPH），（7）

  addresses（處理） the physical and economic wellbeing of the local Batwa people who lived in the forest.The organization teaches hygiene，conservation awareness and （8）

  （provide） economic opportunities for families that would otherwise poach.
     Kalema-Zikusoka，who last year received （9）

  United Nations Champion of the Earth Award，said： "We're showing people that we don't care only about wild animals and the forest.We also care about（10）

  .
  組卷：6引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 基礎(chǔ)知識（共三節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)中文提示用一個單詞填入下列句子，使句意完整。

• 7．Officials believe that more than one person may be to

  （責(zé)備）for the fire.
  組卷：10引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

第三節(jié) 補(bǔ)全句子（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)中文提示和所給的英文部分完成下列句子。

• 22．專家建議這位病人馬上動手術(shù)，而不是被送到更高級的醫(yī)院。
  The expert suggested the patient

  immediately

  be sent to a more advanced hospital.
  組卷：15引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第四部分 書面表達(dá)（滿分30分）

• 23．你校英文報新開設(shè)了專欄ABC's of Safety，面向全體學(xué)生征稿。請你寫一篇短文投稿，講述上周你對同學(xué)李華實(shí)施燙傷急救的經(jīng)歷，并簡單談?wù)勀愕母惺堋?br />注意：（1）詞數(shù)100字左右（開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；
  （2）合理增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。
  Accidents always happen.                     
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.5

  解析