外研版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)《Unit 5 Revealing nature》2021年同步練習(xí)卷（Starting out Understanding ideas）

Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空

• 1．As well as

  （generate）electricity，the Three Gorges Dam is intended to reduce the potential floods.
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• 2．The number of tourists to the resort

  （decline） by 10% last year.
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• 3．It is still a question where the earliest life forms probably

  （evolution）.
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• 4．It is

  （evidence）that they suffered a sizable economic loss as a result of the war.
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• 5．The company has been continuously

  （profit）for the last three years.
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Ⅱ.閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容， 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 16．Which English Do You Speak？ English is the first language of several countries.It is also used for international communication in occupations related to medicine，business，and travel.（1）

  British，North American，Australian，and South African English are all spoken differently.In many English language courses，the British and North American varieties are taught.One is not more correct than the other，but there are important differences between the two.
     Probably the biggest difference between North American and British English is the vocabulary.（2）

  For example，in the United States，people throw their garbage into the trash can.In England，people throw their rubbish into the dustbjye.ai.In Britain，people take a lift to the fifth floor.In North America，people take an elevator.
     （3）

  For example，speakers of British English will ask "What did you do at the weekend？ "But North Americans usually say "on the weekend".Some verb tenses also differ slightly.In the United States people usually say "I've just gotten a new car，" but in the U.K.jye.ai will say "I've just got a new car."
     The pronunciation of many vowel （元音） sounds in North American and British English is also different，even when the spelling is the same.（4）

  It is a classic example of this point.
     （5）

  Learning all of these differences would be very difficult，so English language learners should just be aware that they exist.
  
  A.However，the English language has many variations.
  B.North American and British English differ in many ways.
  C.North American and British English grammar can also vary.
  D.The word "tomato" pronounced to-mah-to in British English.
  E.Different words and expressions are used to talk about the same thing.
  F.Vocabulary，grammar，and pronunciation are three ways English varies in different parts of the world.
  G.As an English learner，you can communicate with native English speakers who speak English differently.
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閱讀理解

• 17．How's this for a coincidence（巧合）？Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were born in the same year，on the same day：Feb.12，1809.Although people hardly think of them together，yet we want to say that they belong together.It's not just because they were both great men，and not because they happen to live at the same time.Rather，it's because the scientist and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world.
     They were both revolutionaries in the sense that both men changed the realities when they were born.They seem and sound modern to us，because the world they left behind them is more or less the one we still live in.So，considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays — it is hard to wonder：who was the greatest man？It's an apple and an orange—or Superman vs.Santa—comparison.But if you limit the question to influence，very quickly the balance tips in Lincoln's favor.
     As great as his book on evolution is，it does no harm to remember that Darwin hurried to publish The Origin of Species because he thought he was about to be scooped（搶先）by his fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace.Lincoln，however，is unique.True，his election as the president did cause the recession（衰退）and the war，but that war seems certain to happen—not a question of if but when.Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered：Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned，leaving the issue of racial（種族的）equality unsolved for another century.
     Surely we should not deny Darwin's accomplishment.But their same birthdays gave us a great opportunity to observe these men of their time.
  
  （1）Why does the author say Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln belong together？

  
  A．They were born on the same day.
  B．They lived in the same period of time.
  C．They started revolutions changing the world.
  D．They were both great men in the history.
  （2）What does the author mean by "an apple and an orange—or Superman vs.Santa —comparison"？

  
  A．It is hard to tell which one is greater as they are both outstanding.
  B．The comparison between Darwin and Lincoln is easy and obvious.
  C．It is difficult to compare them as they are as famous as Superman and Santa.
  D．There is no point comparing them because they were born on the same day.
  （3）Lincoln's contribution to the world can be best described as

  .
  A．narrow
  B．a(chǎn)ggressive
  C．independent
  D．ground-breaking
  （4）What can we learn from the passage？

  
  A．Lincoln's success in election caused reconstruction.
  B．Lincoln had tried to solve the racial problem.
  C．Darwin was unique compared with Lincoln.
  D．Darwin's theory is similar to Lincoln's belief.
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