2021年吉林省東北師大附中高考英語四模試卷
發(fā)布：2024/11/26 4:30:2
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)， 滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
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1．Choosing the right hiking equipment will make your walk safer and more comfortable.Getting it right is easy with our pick of the best.Don't hesitate to grab them!
SMART SOCKS
Smartwool Women's PhD Outdoor Light Print Crew Walking Socks （￡16.09）
Built for mile after mile of trail，these socks are so light and seamless that you'll barely notice you're wearing them.
Darn Tough Kelso Micro Crew Light Cushion （￡20）
Keep you cool while going the distance in these wool socks.They're cushioned and silky soft.
1000 Mile Fusion Walking Sock （￡15.99，twin pack）
Need extra comfort？The Fusion Walking Sock has a blister-free guarantee thanks to clever double-layer technology and padded zones.
LIGHTWEIGHT JACKETS
Smartwool Merino Smart Ultra Light Hoodie （￡114.99）
This windproof layer packs away into its pocket.
Berghaus Women's Skerray Smock （￡70）
Stay warm if the wind gets up in this super-light，water-repellent smock jacket with a fitting hood.It packs away into the small pocket.
Finisterre Mistral Waterproof Jacket （￡185）
Light yet fully waterproof，this cool high-quality jacket has zipped pockets and an adjustable foldaway hood.
SUMMER SHORTS
Jack Wolfskin Overland Zip Away （￡115）
Always chilly when you set out but boiling by the time you're climbing that hill？With these clever pants，you get a pair of soft-shell trousers and a pair of shorts in one.
（1）What can we know from the passage？
A．Crew Walking Socks provide the most comfort of all.
B．All the equipment can pack away into its small pocket.
C．Both the Light Hoodie and Skerray Smock can keep out the wind.
D．Crew Walking Socks are the cheapest and of highest quality.
（2）If you want to go hiking in a hot summer day，will be the best choice.
A．Crew Walking Socks & Waterproof Jacket
B．Light Hoodie & Fusion Walking Socks
C．Overland Zip Away & Crew Light Cushion
D．Fusion Walking Socks & Skerray Smock
（3）In which column can you find the passage？
A．New Technology.
B．Life Style.
C．Sports.
D．Advertisement.組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．A struggling Waffle （華夫餅） House employee who was trying to serve nearly 30 people by himself after midnight got a full serving of kindness when some customers jumped behind the counter to help him.
Ethan Crispo，24，witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov.3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham，Alabama.
Crispo told TODAY's Kerry Sanders that he had come to the 24-hour restaurant from a friend's birthday party and saw the struggling employee，identified only as Ben，trying to cook the food，serve it，set tables and wash dishes while more than 25 people were waiting to eat.
"The look on his face was just confusion，" Crispo told Sanders.
An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out，grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.
Another customer，Alison Stanley，went behind the counter to make some coffee - still dressed from a night out on the town.
"I don't think it's anything special，" Stanley told Sanders. "He needed help，so I got up and helped out."
Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to clear tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.
Waffle House told TODAY that Ben was left to support himself due to a scheduling issue.
"We had two associates scheduled to leave.However，due to a communication mix-up，their relief did not show up on time，" Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement. "That left Ben，our cook，alone in the restaurant with hungry customers.He worked the grill and got the orders out."
The company was also thankful for the customers who joined in and helped Ben out.
"We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House family，" Warner said. "There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants，and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family."
"We are also very thankful for Ben，who kept the restaurant open.He is a representative of our Waffle House culture by always putting the customers first."
Crispo had his usual order，double plain waffle，as he took in the scene of strangers helping out Ben on his shift.
"Humanity truly isn't good - it's great!" he said.
（1）Ben was left to work alone during his midnight shift because.
A．his associates asked for a leave
B．there was a scheduling mistake
C．few customers needed to be served
D．the restaurant was scheduled to close
（2）Some customers helped Ben out by.
A．washing dishes
B．taking photos
C．taking orders
D．cooking food
（3）Why did the customers lend a helping hand according to Pat Warner？
A．They shared the same community spirit.
B．They were family members of Ben.
C．They wanted to serve themselves.
D．They were too hungry to wait.
（4）How did Crispo feel as a witness of the scene？
A．Lucky and excited.
B．Moved and inspired.
C．Relieved and hopeful.
D．Content and unbelievable.組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5 -
3．It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting seems to look back at viewers，following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room.But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle of 15.4° off to the viewer's right - well outside the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them.In other words，said the study author，Horstmann， "She's not looking at you."
This is ironic（諷刺），because the entire phenomenon of a person's gaze（凝視）in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the "Mona Lisa effect"，which is absolutely real.If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead，even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at.As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side，the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars （虛擬頭像） when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she wasn't looking at him.
To make sure it wasn't just him，the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a computer screen.They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected（相交） Mona Lisa's gaze.To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze as she looked at the viewer，they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study.Consistently，the researchers found，participants judged that the woman in the "Mona Lisa" portrait was not looking straight at them，but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer？Horstmann isn't sure.It's possible，he said，that people have the desire to be looked at，so they think the woman is looking straight at them.Or maybe the people who first coined the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a cool name.
（1）It is generally believed that the woman in the painting "Mona Lisa".
A．a(chǎn)ttracts the viewers to look back
B．seems mysterious because of her eyes
C．fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers
D．looks at observers wherever they stand
（2）What did the new study find？
A．The Mona Lisa effect does not really exist.
B．The mystery of the woman's smile in the painting.
C．The angle of the gaze in Mona Lisa effect.
D．Mona Lisa effect does not occur with Mona Lisa.
（3）The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to.
A．confirm Horstmann's belief
B．create artificial-intelligence avatars
C．calculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze
D．show how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied
（4）What can we learn from the passage？
A．Horstmann thinks it cool to coin the term "Mona Lisa effect".
B．The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.
C．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.
D．The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers' judgement.組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5 -
4．It's almost spring，the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky.NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge.
The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program providing the public with the opportunity to participate in the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15，citizen scientists can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options（for trained GLOBE members）.Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program's website and social media.
"The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations from ground up，" said Marile Colon Robles，lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton，Virginia.
Researchers use and value this citizen science cloud data because it helps confirm data from Earth-observing instruments.
Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System（CERES）.Even though CERES' instruments use advanced technology，it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images.
For example，it can be difficult to tell thin，wispy cirrus clouds（細(xì)小的卷云） from snow，since both are cold and bright；it is even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow（片狀雪） or snow cover.One solution is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.
"Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their surface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite，" said Colon Robles.
You don't have to be a cloud-gazing professional to participate.For those who want to be part of the challenge but don't have a lot of experience identifying clouds，Colon Robles offers the following advice： "Just go outside.The more clouds you observe，the more comfortable you'll be collecting data."
（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1？
A．Provide background information.
B．Present an argument.
C．Attract readers' attention.
D．Offer advice to readers.
（2）Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge？
A．The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.
B．The technology CERES uses is not advanced.
C．Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify with snow cover.
D．Scientists can compare data from different instruments.
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A．Citizen observers can only submit data by means of an app.
B．Observers with the most observations will receive a special honor.
C．Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.
D．The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.
（4）Which is the best title for the passage？
A．NASA to Employ New Members
B．Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge
C．Scientists to Teach You to Observe Clouds
D．Citizens Gain Experience through Observation組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5
第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
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5．While we may think it feels good to complain，complaining has some bad effects associated with it.
Why isn't complaining beneficial？Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.
（1）This means that when we repeat a thought，negative or positive，the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore，the next time we have a similar type of thought，it is more easily passed. （2）
（3）A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus （海馬體），which plays a vital role in problem-solving，to become smaller.
In addition to causing brain damage，complaining also releases a stress hormone：cortisol（皮質(zhì)醇），a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure，high blood sugar，and lower immunity （免疫力）．
The ill effects of our complaining aren't merely limited to ourselves：（4）We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason，we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.
The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude.（5）Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent，as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar.It also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining，a behavior that steals our brain power，happiness and physical well-being.
A.Yet the harmful effects don't stop there.
B.Our brain is designed to work efficiently.
C.they affect the working atmosphere as well.
D.they are likely to involve those around us，too.
E.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.
F.Just like complaining acts as a poison，gratitude acts as a medicine.
G.Have you noticed that grateful people tend to enjoy others' company？組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
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6．Many athletes can light up the scoreboard with their skill.But it takes a special kind of athlete to light up a child's（1）
.
Runner Sanya Richards Ross，a four-time Olympic gold medalist，was born in Kingston，Jamaica （牙買加）.Though living in Texas，she is（2）helping young people in her（3）through her Fun 4 Kidz Foundation，which deals with illiteracy（文盲） and（4）a healthy lifestyle. "Jamaica（5）its share of poor people who don't have the（6）to get a great education.I had great support growing up，but not everyone is so（7）." said Sanya.
Houston Texans All-Pro J.J.Watt is all business on the football field.But with children，he is（8）and fun-loving.He（9）the Justin J.Watt Foundation to provide after-school sports opportunities for the（10）children.He said， "At one of the first schools where we（11）uniforms，a kid told me，'It's the（12）day of my life.' Simple things like that（13）me helping kids."
Mia Hamm is one of the greatest soccer players in U.S.National and Olympic history.（14）by her brother，who died from a rare blood disorder，she started the Mia Hamm Foundation to（15）awareness and money for those in need of bone marrow（髓）or cord blood transplants.She said，"We do charity soccer games，bringing together unrelated donors and recipients（受助人）.To see that（16）is one of the most powerful things you can see.There are a lot of tears when people meet their donors，who are their（17）heroes.It was they who（18）them a second chance at life."
For these athletes，there's no better feeling than to bring joy to people and to those（19），and seeing a smile on a child's face at a foundation event really makes it all so（20）.（1） A．home B．field C．face D．school （2） A．eagerly B．confidently C．temporarily D．cautiously （3） A．team B．state C．neighborhood D．homeland （4） A．exposes B．promotes C．submits D．considers （5） A．has B．finishes C．tries D．reserves （6） A．means B．right C．manners D．source （7） A．impressed B．a(chǎn)cknowledged C．celebrated D．blessed （8） A．careful B．respectful C．merciful D．playful （9） A．found B．a(chǎn)ttended C．established D．a(chǎn)chieved （10） A．overcharged B．underprivileged C．underfed D．overworked （11） A．sent out B．took out C．gave out D．brought out （12） A．best B．saddest C．very D．fateful （13） A．prevent B．keep C．suggest D．find （14） A．Forced B．Touched C．Amazed D．Inspired （15） A．earn B．build C．raise D．recover （16） A．reunion B．tension C．dream D．lesson （17） A．grateful B．modest C．desperate D．selfless （18） A．a(chǎn)llocated B．gave C．owed D．a(chǎn)warded （19） A．in debt B．in return C．in need D．in advance （20） A．a(chǎn)dequate B．rewarding C．demanding D．suitable 組卷：9引用：1難度：0.4
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
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18．（1）What do we know about the woman？
A.She knew nothing about the band.
B.She wants to join the band，too.
C.She was a member of the band.
（2）How old was the man when he started to play base guitar？
A.15.
B.16.
C.21.
（3）Where does the man usually play music？
A.In the city theatres.
B.In the town square.
C.In local clubs.
（4）Why does the man join the band？
A.To make money.
B.To have fun.
C.To meet stars.組卷：0引用：5難度：0.9 -
19．（1）Where will the classical concert take place？
A.In Building 1.
B.In a gallery.
C.In Building 2.
（2）What is Larry Higgins？
A.A musician.
B.A painter.
C.A writer.
（3）When will Victoria present her pictures？
A.At 12.
B.At 3 pm.
C.At 5 pm.
（4）What event will be held at 4 pm？
A.The classical concert.
B.The show for children.
C.The modern art exhibition.組卷：0引用：4難度：0.9