2022年山東省臨沂市河?xùn)|區(qū)中考英語(yǔ)二模試卷

二、完形填空（共2小題，計(jì)8分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)填空，使語(yǔ)意通順完整。每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能使用一項(xiàng)，每框有一項(xiàng)剩余。

• 1．

  A.shine down B.be silent C.and D.be able to E.can

  Want to sleep under the sea？The company Planet Ocean has plans for an exciting underwater hotel，which they hope to build this kind of hotel all over the world.
     The hotel won't be large，with only 12 guest rooms（1）

  a restaurant.Guests will get to the hotel in a lift-so no diving or getting wet!The hotel will float 10 meters under the ocean.Because it won't be very deep，the sun will（2）

  and provide light.Guests will get great close-up views of the fish and other sea creatures.
     The hotel's design，with clear plastic walls，means guests will（3）

  see the sea and all the creatures that live there around，above and below them in their rooms.The rooms will have a shower，TV and even the internet.The restaurant will serve high quality food.As you might expect，Planet Ocean wants to encourage people to eat less fish，so guests won't find any on the menu.What's more surprising is that the environment will（4）

  ，so guests will have to imagine the sound of the ocean around them.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．

  A.In fact B.at all C.be good for D.however E.are proud of

  The hotel won't be cheap to build and it won't be cheap to stay in.But the designers（1）

  the fact that it will be environmentally friendly（環(huán)保的）.It will use electricity，of course，but it will produce its own，and won't disturb ocean life（2）

  .In fact，the designers hope some sea creatures will build their homes on parts of the building，which will（3）

  the underwater world，too.
     Planet Ocean's future designs include a moving hotel.It perhaps sounds like this will work in the same way as a cruise ship（游輪），but this is not the case. （4）

  ，rather than moving between continents and counties，it will stay within a single county's waters，but only occasionally （偶爾的） change positions around its coast.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

三、閱讀理解（共3小題，計(jì)24分）

• 3．As the largest country in the world，Russia is a perfect travel destination to experience delicious food，interesting culture and beautiful buildings.Are you thinking about travelling to the country？If so，there are some facts you need to know before you go.
     Do you know the world's longest passenger carrying railway line is in Russia？The Trans-Siberian Railway runs from Moscow to Vladivostok，a total of over 9，289 kilometers.If you want to take your time traveling around Russia by train， it makes it easy to do so.You can choose to ride in first-class or third-class seats，depending on your budget and the experience you want to have.
     If you are someone that loves literature （文學(xué)），you probably know that Russia is home to some of the best and most famous writers ，such as Leo Tolstoy and Alexander Pushkin.Many great writers have a museum dedicated （專門的） to them that you can visit.Most can be found in Moscow and St.Petersburg.Whether you're a fan of their works or you don't know who they're，you can learn something new about them and Russian literature by visiting their museums.
     Another one of the most surprising facts about Russia is that it has 12 active volcanoes（活火山）.If you love nature，you should visit Kamchatka，one of the most commonly visited among them.This zone has over 1，000 different species of plants.I's also home to brown bears，sheep and wolves.
     Besides，folk dancing is an important part of Russian history and culture.One of the most famous Russian dances is Khorovod ，with people moving around in a circle hand in hand.Russians perform folk dances at festivals.If you get the chance to travel to Russia，be sure to attend a Russian folk-dance performance to learn more about the culture and traditions of Russia.
  
  根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。
  （1）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to

  .
  A．the train
  B．the railway
  C．the seat
  （2）What does the writer think of the museums in Moscow and St.Petersburg？

  
  A．Popular.
  B．Famous.
  C．Educational.
  （3）Visitors can do the following when visiting Kamchatka EXCEPT

  .
  A．having the delicious food
  B．enjoying the beauty of nature
  C．seeing local animals like brown bears
  （4）Why does the writer suggest attending a folk-dance performance？

  
  A．It's a good way to relax.
  B．It's a good chance to experience local culture.
  C．It's a good time to make foreign friends.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．We humans can express emotions by telling others how we feel，but what about animals？How can we tell whether they experience emotions and，if they do，which ones？Over the past 20 years，researchers have made great progress in this field.
     It's very hard for us to ass（評(píng)估） emotions in animals，because they cannot tell us how they feel.However，when emotional things happen，they cause changes in several biological processes.
     The most easily detectable reaction （反應(yīng)） of an animal to an event is how it changes is behaviour.Humans often change expressions on their faces and gestures depending on whether we experience a pleasant event or nol.Animals show these characteristic facial expressions as well.For example，changes in the ear position or the amount of the white of the eyes can show different levels of pain or fear in animals.It is important to remember that the facial expressions of animals usually look different than those of humans--joy might not be shown by a smile，while sadness may not be shown with tears.
     Another example of animal behaviour that is connected to emotions is vocalizations （發(fā)聲），which can show stress in many animals.We know this is true for humans，too.Imagine you are singing a song in front of many people，your voice might get shaky（顫抖）if you are nervous.Researchers have found that the vocalizations of pigs，goats and cows also change and get less harmonious （和諧的） when these animals are under stress，for example when they are isolated from the group.
     It seems that animals react to their environments much as humans do.So，we can infer，with quite some confidence，that animals can feel emotions.This might encourage us to rethink the environments in which we keep the animals that are under our care -- on farm，in zoos or in our houses.If we can better understand how animals react to their environments，we can improve these environments as well as human-animal relationships.
  
  根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。
  （1）According to Paragraph 3，people can learn how animals feel

  .
  A．through their voices
  B．through their expressions
  C．through their environment
  （2）The underlined phrase" isolated from" is similar to "

  " in meaning.
  A．killed by
  B．a(chǎn)ttracted by
  C．separated from
  （3）What is the last paragraph mainly about？

  
  A．The value of studying animal emotions.
  B．The advice to farmers on keeping animals.
  C．The ways to improve the human-nature relationship.
  （4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the research？

  
  A．Changes in animals' expressions are hard to find.
  B．Animal emotions are not as rich as human ones.
  C．Sounds made by animals are a way of expressing feelings.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.8

  解析

• 5．Every year，up to 50，000 elephants in Africa are killed illegally for their tusks（象牙）.Criminal groups secretly transport those tusks out of Africa and sell them for big money.
     In the past，it was difficult to track（ 追蹤） those criminals.（1）

  Even if they were caught，most of them didn't know where tusks came from exactly.A few years ago，scientists led by Dr.Samuel Wasser at an American university worked out a new way to solve this problem.Using elephants' poop （糞便） ，they built a list of the DNA of almost all of the elephants in Africa.When tusks are found in another country，DNA tests can show where they come from.
     In 2018，Dr.Wasser.jye.ai his team used DNA to match two tusks found in different shipments （運(yùn)送的貨物） ，showing that they came from the same elephant.（2）

  This discovery provided information about the way the criminals worked and showed the ports they often used.
     （3）

  So Dr.Wasser came up with a way of increasing the chance of matching tusks.He began looking at family DNA.There are enough similarities between parents and children and sisters and brothers to allow them to be matched through DNA.
     （4）

  They took DNA samples from 4，320 tusks found in 49 different shipments between 2002 and 2019.They found about 600 matches among the tusks.The matches told the scientists a lot about what was happening to the elephants.Besides，the scientists also learned that there were only a few criminal groups that kept going back to the same areas lo get more tusks.The study can also help them track how the ports used by the criminals have changed over time.
     Dr.Wasser is hopeful that this method of using family DNA to track poached （被偷獵的） wildlife will soon help protect other kinds of animals and break up more criminal groups.
  
  根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項(xiàng)中選出能填人文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
  A.That meant the shipments were connected.
  B.Even though it's against the law，African elephants have long been hunted.
  C.But matching tusks from a single elephant didn't happen very often.
  D.Usually by the time the dead animals were found，they were far away.
  E.By checking DNA from animal families，the scientists could match far more tusks.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

七、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)木渥樱箤?duì)話意思完整。

• 16．A：Do you know I have a new friend in Class Two？
  B：No，I don't.（1）

  ？
  A：She has long hair and big eyes.
  B：（2）

  ？
  A：No，she's not tall.She's not .short，either.
  B：She is of medium height.
  A：That's right.Sne's beautiful and a little thin.Her name is Nancy.
  B：（3）

  ？
  A：She often wears a T-shirt and jeans.
  B：（4）

  ？
  A：She comes from the US.
  B：Great !I'm just looking for a partner lo practice English with.Can I make friends with her，too？
  A：No problem.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

八、書面表達(dá)（計(jì)15分）

• 17．如今，志愿服務(wù)已成為一種社會(huì)風(fēng)尚，各行各業(yè)的人們都在參與其中。假如你是李華，你想要應(yīng)征一名社區(qū)志愿者 ，為你的社區(qū)出一份力。請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示按要求寫一封自薦信。
      要求：
      （1）語(yǔ)言通順，條理清楚，書寫規(guī)范；
      （2）短文中不得出現(xiàn)任何真實(shí)人名、校名及其它相關(guān)信息，否則不予評(píng)分；
      （3）詞數(shù)：80詞左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
      提示：
      （1）Why do you want to be a volunteers？
      （2）What are you good at？Do you have any special skills？
      （3）What can you do for the community（社區(qū)）？
  
  Dear Sir，
      I'm a junior student from Xinhua Middle School.I'd like to become one of your volunteers.               
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析