2020-2021學(xué)年上海市靜安區(qū)向東中學(xué)高三（上）期中英語(yǔ)試卷

Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

• 1．Helping Children Learn Better Through Lego
      Wei Wei Gluckman didn't get to play with Lego during her childhood years in China.However， （1）

  （follow） a chance to encounter with the brand more than a decade ago.Gluckman is now not just an enthusiast-she's one of the only two Lego Certified Professionals on the Chinese mainland.
      （2）

  （train）as an architect in a US university and currently working as a curator（管理者） of architecture-related cultural events，Gluckman said she learned about Lego first in 2006.
      She recalled that a US magazine （3）

  （approach） her with the idea of organizing exhibitions that would feature Lego installation. "I was fascinated. （4）

  you start playing，you begin to understand the power of the blocks.They require concentration.craftwork and logical thinking." said Gluckman. "Playing with Lego also helps people to understand how and hwy they think the way they do." she said.
      Her fascination with Lego led her to start the "Brick by Brick" series in 2006.The event encourages both children and adults to use Lego bricks to express （5）

  they think of their home city.
      Throughout the past decade，Gluckman has toured Many Chinese cities including Beijing，Shanghai and Hong Kong （6）

  （hold） "Brick by Brick" events.jye.ai are always free and open to the public.Each event features a unique theme （7）

  aims to get children to think critically about societal matters.
      "I prefer collective pieces of work as they are （8）

  （powerful）." said Gluckman. "I'm more like an activist.I promote learning through play （9）

  organizing such public events.jye.ai the play experience that I design is aimed at empowering the participants in the end."
      "Open play is key.There is no right or wrong，no rules，and no winning or losing.The key point here is that children can decide for （10）

  .Creativity happens when they are allowed to develop their own rules and approach to building.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.9

  解析

Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

• 2．

  A.accounts B.determine C.sites D.halves AB.jye.ai AC.processing AD.simply BC.statues BD.pouring CD.confusing ABC.jye.ai

  Egyptian Pyramids Researchers have uncovered one of the key methods the Egyptians used to build the pyramids.They have long been confused by exactly how workers were able to transport large blocks of stone of construction（1）

  .Now，they say the key was simple-wet sand.
     "For the construction of the Pyramids.jye.ai ancient Egyptians had to transport heavy stone blocks and large（2）

  across the desert." researchers at the University of Amsterdam said.The team tried to repeat this-and found wet sand was the key.The Egyptians therefore placed the heavy objects on a sledge（雪橇） that workers pulled over the sand.
     Research from the University of Amsterdam has now revealed that the Egyptians probably made the desert sand in front of the sledge wet.Experiments have demonstrated that the correct amount of wetness in the sand（3）

  the pulling force required.To test the jye.aiory.jye.ai physicists placed a laboratory version of the Egyptian sledge in a tray of sand.They decided both the required pulling force and the stiffness（硬度） of the sand as a function of the quantity of water in the sand.To（4）

  the stiffness，they used a rheometer，which shows how much force is needed to deform a certain volume of sand.Experiments revealed that the required pulling force decreased proportional to the firmness of the sand. "In the presence of the correct quantity of water.jye.ai desert sand is about twice as firm as dry sand." the team said.A sledge glides far more easily over fir m desert sand（5）

  because the sand does not pile up in front of the sledge as it does in the（6）

  of dry sand.They also believe a painting reveals the trick. "The Egyptians were probably aware of this（7）

  trick." they said. "A wall painting in the tomb of Djehutihotep clearly shows a person standing on the front of the pulled sledge and（8）

  water over the sand just in front of it."
     The research results could therefore be useful for examining how to make full use of the transport and（9）

  of grand material.jye.ai at present（10）

  for about ten percent of the worldwide energy consumption.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage， there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

• 3．In 2008.jye.ai US Department of Homeland Security asked Scot Borg at the United States Cyber Consequences Unit.a non-profit organization to look into what might happen if the Internet went down.Borg and his colleagues analyzed the economic（1）

  of computer and internet outages（中斷） in the US from 2000 onwards.Looking at quarterly financial reports from the 20 companies that claimed to be most affected in each case，as well as more general economic statistics.jye.ai discovered that the financial impact of the an outage was surprisingly（2）

  -at least for outages that lasted no more than four days，which is all they studied.
     "These were instances where（3）

  losses were being claimed-in the hundreds of millions and even billions of dollars." Borg says. "But while some industries like hotels，and airlines firms suffered a bit，even they didn't（4）

  very big losses."
     It turned out that losing Internet（5）

  for a few days just made people（6）

  their work. "People carried out all the same activities they would have done had the internet been up.jye.ai they just did it two or three days later." Borg says.
     In some cases，shutting down the Internet for a short time might even（7）

  productivity.In another study.Borg and his colleagues analyzed what happened when a company suffered an Internet outage that lasted four hours or more.Rather than use their thumbs，employees did things that they would（8）

  put off，such as dealing with paperwork.The result was a boost for（9）

  . "We jokingly suggested that if every company（10）

  their computers for a few hours each month and make people do the tasks they（11）

  ，there's be an overall productivity benefit，" Borg says. "I see no reason why that wouldn't also（12）

  to basically the whole economy."
     Travel probably would not be affected too much（13）

  ，either-so long as the blackout lasted no more than a day or so.Plans can fly without the Internet.jye.ai trains and buses would continue to run.Longer outages would start to have an effect on logistics（物流），however.Without the Internet it would be（14）

  for businesses to operate. "I've suggested that people and businesses should have a plan（15）

  Internet loss，but I haven't heard of anyone doing that yet." Eagle-man says.
  
  

  （1）	A．effects	B．powers	C．solutions	D．consumptions
  （2）	A．challenging	B．insignificant	C．important	D．satisfying
  （3）	A．leading	B．minor	C．various	D．enormous
  （4）	A．handle	B．compare	C．compose	D．experience
  （5）	A．entry	B．outlook	C．a(chǎn)ccess	D．process
  （6）	A．fall behind on	B．catch up with	C．give way to	D．live up to
  （7）	A．decline	B．reduce	C．increase	D．prevent
  （8）	A．previously	B．normally	C．potentially	D．regularly
  （9）	A．workforce	B．Internet	C．study	D．business
  （10）	A．switched on	B．gave up	C．turned off	D．closed down
  （11）	A．postponed	B．a(chǎn)ssigned	C．committed	D．challenged
  （12）	A．a(chǎn)pply	B．devote	C．lead	D．turn
  （13）	A．in the short term	B．in the long run	C．in future	D．in advance
  （14）	A．convenient	B．efficient	C．hard	D．easy
  （15）	A．in exchange for	B．instead of	C．in case of	D．for the sake of
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

Section BDirections： Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

• 4．During his first years in Paris.Capa worked mainly on local photo stories.It was not until 1936 that he got his big breakthrough.He was sent to cover the Spanish Civil War and，as a result.jye.ai work started to appear regularly in top magazines and newspapers.It was his picture of a Loyalist Soldier Falling to His Death that brought him international reputation and became powerful symbol of war.
     In 1936，shortly after the Spanish War.Capa worked in New York for a while.However.jye.ai quickly returned to Europe on the outbreak of World War II and stayed there for six years.His photographs of the Normandy Invasion became some of the most memorable war photographs in history，and he received the Medal of Freedom Citation for his work.
     Capa's job as a war photographer often put him in great personal danger，but despite the risks his motto was always： "If your pictures aren't good enough，you aren't close enough." However，on 25 May 1954，Capa's luck ran out.He was working on an assignment in French Indochina when he stepped on a land mine.He was killed instantly.
     Today Robert Capa is considered one of the finest war photographers of all time.He was an exceptional photojournalist who used his camera to express and record the horror of the events around him.Not surprisingly Capa hated war，especially his often passive role in it. "It's not always easy to stand aside and be unable to do anything except record the sufferings around one." he said.
  
  （1）How did Robert Capa get his "big breakthrough"？

  
  A．He went abroad and commanded the Spanish Civil War.
  B．He began to write for top magazines and newspapers.
  C．Before 1936 he was well received as war photographer.
  D．He became very famous as a war photographer.
  （2）Why was Robert Capa given the Medal of Freedom Citation？

  
  A．Because he joined the Second World War bravely.
  B．Because of his photographs taken during the war.
  C．Because he worked in Europe where he stayed for about 6 years.
  D．Because he died from stepping on a land mine.
  （3）By saying "If your picture aren't good enough.jye.ai aren't close enough." Capa wanted to tell others

  .
  A．to take pictures good enough，you can't avoid going to the front at the risk of losing your own lives
  B．to be a good photographer.jye.ai are never too close to nature
  C．it is important to be close enough to the objects when pictures are taken
  D．it is not their fault not to have some good pictures to be praised
  （4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？

  
  A．Capa is well known as one of the finest war photographers.
  B．Capa felt sorry for the horror and suffering caused by the war and not being able to help.
  C．Capa felt sorry to be a war photographer and suffered a lot from the job.
  D．Capa hoped there wouldn't be any war in the world in future.
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

• 12．除了美味的咖啡和甜品，這間咖啡店還提供各種書(shū)籍，從小說(shuō)到詩(shī)歌，應(yīng)有盡有，足以讓你安靜地度過(guò)一個(gè)下午。（range）
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Ⅵ. Guided WritingDirections： Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

• 13．現(xiàn)在年輕消費(fèi)者在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物時(shí)十分迷戀網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播節(jié)目（live streaming webcasts）。請(qǐng)就此現(xiàn)象背后的原因談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?br />_____
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.4

  解析