2021年上海市浦東新區(qū)洋涇中學高考英語質檢試卷（3月份）

II. Grammar and VocabularySection A

• 1．One way of capturing the scale of the devastation that forest fires have inflicted on Australia is through figures.Some 11 million hectares of the Lucky Country have gone up in smoke （1）

  September，almost the same area as Bulgaria.So far at least 26 people are known （2）

  （lose） their lives，and over 2，300 homes have been destroyed with over half a billion animals （3）

  （burn） alive or choked to death.But numbers tell only part of the story.A plume of smoke has drifted across the South Pacific Ocean，reaching Buenos Aires.Australia's normally calm society （4）

  （shake）.Shane Warne，the most distinguished sportsman in a sports-mad nation，has gone so far as to raise money for the relief effort by auctioning off the baggy cap he wore as part of Australia's all - conquering cricket team.
      You （5）

  think dial Australia is particularly vulnerable to forest fires，but that would be a mistake.Many other countries share the same conditions that have set Australia burning，physically and politically，including similar terrain and a leadership that has yet to wake up fully to the new reality （6）

  climate change is creating.Worldwide，fire seasons （7）

  （get） longer and more damaging.The areas al risk include America's west coast，the Mediterranean，southern Africa and swathes of Central Asia.If that sounds frightening，remember that in 2018 California had the deadliest forest fires in its history， （8）

  （kill） over 80 people and causing parts of Los Angeles to be evacuated，while over 100 people died in wildfires in Greece.
      As a result，the lessons from Australia's tragedy are important. （9）

  is that climate change is making infernos （無法控制的大火）more likely.It is true that forest fires are a long-standing part of some territories' ecology，but（10）

  the world gets holler and drier，their incidence and severity are risjye.aig.In 2019 Australia's mean temperature was the highest since records began in 1910，1.5 C above the long-run average.The amount of rainfall，meanwhile，was 40% below the long-term average and at the lowest level since 1900.
  組卷：10引用：1難度：0.8

  解析

Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

• 2．

  A.investigation B.issued C.justifiable D.apparently E.contracting F.transmission G.jye.ai H.resulting I.irreparable J.jye.ai K.venture

  Gene-Edited Babies Trigger Worldwide controversy THE WAVE of condemnation （譴責）is far from over for He Jiankui，a Chinese researcher who claimed to have produced the world's first gene-edited babies.His research was aimed at helping millions of children at risk of （1）

  the HIV virus.He had altered a gene in embryos with the goal of making the babies resistant to HIV.He said the pregnancy had been successful and that （2）

  healthy twin girls were born a few weeks earlier.
     The Southern University of Science and Technology said in a statement that the university was unaware of the experiment He conducted.The university believes that his research has seriously violated academic ethics and rules，and it has immediately set up an independent（3）

  team on the matter.Hours after a video of his work was leaked，a total of 122 Chinese scientists in the field of gene-editing across the world （4）

  a joint statement of condemnation.It reads， "Pandora's box has been opened，but we may still have a chance to close it before it is（5）

  ." They added that He's behavior has dealt a heavy（6）

  to the international reputation of Chinese science.
     Many researchers in stem cell science，immunology and medical ethics also described the experiment as "absurd" and "rogue（胡作非為）".For one，the experimentation is considered unnecessary given China's mature technology in preventing the mother - to - child（7）

  of HIV during pregnancy and early infancy.On the other hand，while the removal of the CCR5 gene can help immunize humans from AIDS，it（8）

  makes the body more susceptible to other viruses and illnesses.Moreover，DNA changes are also inherited by future generations，（9）

  in unpredictable consequences in the human gene pool.
     But not all scientists oppose He's experiment.George Church，a renowned geneticist at Harvard University，told The Associated Press （美聯(lián)社），"I think this is （10）

  as HIV is a major and growing public health threat." Some netizens support Church，claiming that human gene editing is just another piece of technology like organ transplantation.
     It remains a mystery as to whether the babies can indeed resist all forms of the HIV virus throughout their entire lives.
  組卷：12引用：1難度：0.3

  解析

III， Reading ComprehensionSection A

• 3．The Chinese government has a plan to link the cities of Hong Kong.Macau，Guangzhou，Shenzhen，Zhuhai，F(xiàn)oshan，Zhongshan，Dongguan，Huizhou，Jiangmen and Zhaoqing into an economic and business powerhouse.It will be called The Greater Bay Area.Some in China's central bank are looking to the European Union and Britain to（1）

  how best to do this.
     The Greater Bay Area already has a total economy almost（2）

  to Australia's.But the area is divided （3）

  Hong Kong and Macau have their own money and legal systems.This makes （4）

  difficult.
     China's central bank's branch in Shenzhen created a 295-page report on financial and economic integration in the bay.It suggested building a（5）

  market similar to the 28-stale European Union.The report was written with China Merchants Bank's chief economist and published last month.The report notes some of the（6）

  of European integration.But it also points to some of the problems China faces as it tries to control an area dial （7）

  has international financial markets，industrial centers and technology sectors.
     In the report，the head of the Shenzhen central bank，Xing Yujing，was clear about the importance of the free movement of people and money in the bay.The report also pointed to what could be （8）

  from Britain's planned exit from Europe.
     The European Union and the common market have strengthened "the welfare of the European people，" the Shenzhen branch of the People's Bank of China said in a statement.It added that suggestions do not represent official policy（9）

  .Britain has made professional decisions to reduce the effects of Brexit （10）

  keeping "integration with European economy and finance，" the report also said.
     The European common market （11）

  the free movement of labor.So should the Greater Bay Area，said Gary Smith.He is a London-based director at Barings Investment Institute. "That's the way that the economic benefits maximized." he said.
     Europe has（12）

  border control between 26 of its 28 countries.In the Greater Bay Area，there are still borders between Hong Kong，Macau and mainland China.This is the （13）

  of the "One Country，Two Systems" agreement that permits the two cities to keep their way of life while under Chinese rule.
     For a（n）（14）

  solution，Xing noted Britain's idea of a "soft" border with Ireland after Brexit.The soft border would permit the free movement of people，money and products between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.The report said an（15）

  border could be put in place in the bay and businesses could pay taxes online after crossing it.
  
  

  （1）	A．consult	B．decide	C．maximize	D．emphasize
  （2）	A．equal	B．subject	C．inferior	D．crucial
  （3）	A．suppose	B．though	C．provided	D．because
  （4）	A．division	B．association	C．integration	D．assembly
  （5）	A．single	B．prosperous	C．diverse	D．continental
  （6）	A．consequences	B．influences	C．benefits	D．factors
  （7）	A．barely	B．originally	C．initially	D．already
  （8）	A．obtained	B．learned	C．extracted	D．derived
  （9）	A．situations	B．adoptions	C．implementations	D．positions
  （10）	A．consequently	B．while	C．furthermore	D．though
  （11）	A．sustained	B．restricted	C．permitted	D．publicized
  （12）	A．imposed	B．capped	C．removed	D．enforced
  （13）	A．advantage	B．concern	C．intention	D．result
  （14）	A．possible	B．agreeable	C．controversial	D．foreseeable
  （15）	A．physical	B．national	C．legal	D．electronic
  組卷：16引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

Section B

• 4．For years，the U.S.jye.ai experienced a shortage of registered nurses.The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022，demand will grow faster than supply，and that there will be over one million unfilled nursing jobs by then.So what's the solution？Robots.
     Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend.Toyohashi University of Technology has developed Terapio，a robotic medical cart that can make hospital rounds，deliver medications and other items，and retrieve records.It follows a specific individual，such as a doctor or nurse，who can use it to record and access patient data.This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be implemented in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patient contact.
     Robots capable of social engagement help with loneliness as well as cognitive functioning，but the robot itself doesn't have to engage directly - it can serve as an intermediary for human communication.Telepresence robots such as MantaroBot，Vgo，and Giraff can be controlled through a computer，smart-phone，or tablet，allowing family members or doctors to remotely monitor patients or Skype them，often via a screen whore the robot's 'face' would be.If you can't got to the nursing home to visit grandma，you can use a telepresence robot to hang out with her.A 2016 study found that users and a "consistently positive attitude" about the Giraff robot's ability to enhance communication and decrease feelings of loneliness.
     A robot's appearance affects its ability to successfully interact with humans，which is why the R1 KEN-TR1 Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research decided to develop a robotic nurse that looks like a huge teddy bear.RTBA （Robot for Interactive Body Assistance），also known as 'Robear'，can help patients into and out of wheelchairs and beds with its strong arms.
     On the less cute and more scary side there is Actroid F，which is so human-like that sonic patients may not know the difference.This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes，which allow it io track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions.During a month- long hospital trial，researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and "only three or four said they didn't like having it around."
     H's important to note that robotic nurses don't decide courses of treatment or make diagnoses（though robot doctors and surgeons may not be far oil）.Instead，they perform routine and laborious tasks，freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs.This is one industry where it seems the integration of robots will lead to collaboration，not replacement.
  
  （1）What does the author say about Japan？

  
  A．It delivers the best medications for the elderly.
  B．It takes the lead in providing robotic care.
  C．It provides retraining for registered nurses.
  D．It sets the trend in future robotics technology.
  （2）What do we learn about the robot Terapio？

  
  A．It was been put to use in many Japanese hospitals.
  B．It provides specific individualized care to patients.
  C．It does not have much direct contact with patients.
  D．It has not revolutionized medical service in Japan.
  （3）What are telepresence robots designed to do？

  
  A．Directly interact with patients to prevent them from feeling lonely.
  B．Cater to the needs of patients for recovering their cognitive capacity.
  C．Closely monitor the patients' movements and conditions around the clock.
  D．Assist communication between patients and doctors or family members.
  （4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？

  
  A．Doctors and surgeons will soon be laid off.
  B．The robotics industry will soon take off.
  C．Robots will not make nurses unemployed.
  D．Collaboration will not replace competition.
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第Ⅱ卷I. TranslationDirections； Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

• 12．直到滿屏都是彈幕（bullet chat），人們才意識到由主打游戲而聞名的這一網站舉辦的跨年晚會喚起了用戶的集體回憶。（Not until）
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

II. Writing

• 13．假設你是明啟中學的學生王華。最近，你校試行在午間播放音樂，同學們對此看法不一。大多數(shù)同學贊同，但也 有部分同學反對。請你根據(jù)表格中提供的信息，給校長寫封信，客觀地介紹大家的看。
  

  	對午間播放音樂的看法
  贊成的理由	使午間生活豐富多彩，緩解壓力，音樂可以帶給學生快樂等。
  反對的理由	午間時間短，播放音樂不起作用，安靜休息有利于課上集中精力等。
  組卷：15引用：1難度：0.6

  解析