2021-2022學(xué)年上海市寶山區(qū)行知中學(xué)高三（上）第二次月考英語(yǔ)試卷

IⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

• 1．Would you hang out with cats，rabbits or owls？
      In the U.S，hanging out in a cafe with animals is such an exotic concept that people can't get enough of it.A cat cafe in New York last year had lines down the street and online reservations for （1）

  Manhattan cat cafe are almost fully booked more than two months in advance.But in Japan，cat cafes are just the start.You （2）

  hang out in rabbit cafes or have coffee in Tokyo with two goats.And you're not limited to domestic animals.You can also spend an hour at a cafe （3）

  （hold） a great horned owl.
      Judging by （4）

  complicated it was to get a reservation at Tokyo's Shop of Owls，the owl cafes are just as much of a trend there （5）

  cat cafes are here.The owls come （6）

  various sizes and species，from tiny to quite large，including a great horned owl with large sharp claws and an impressive beak.Each bird has a tether（拴繩） around one foot，（7）

  you hold in your hand as it rests on your arm.
      The attentive staff will place the owl on your shoulder or head，if you like and the staff can also help if your owl starts to flap.If you （8）

  （have） enough and want to just watch everyone else's owls，they'll relieve you of the bird.Photography is forbidden in some of （9）

  （odd） places in Japan，but this isn't one of them.No flash is allowed but posting a selfie on social media holding an owl is clearly a goal for many visitors.
      Unlike some other animal cafes in Japan，this place is only nominally a cafe.There's no food and only a small drink is included.The drink arrives covered in plastic wrap. （10）

  （decorate） with a magic marker illustration of an owl.But no one pays attention to their beverage until the final activity，which involves distributing souvenirs such as a photo book，chopsticks and a cloth decorated with owls.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from thebox. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

• 2．A.revolutionize B.potential C.unfold D.convincing E.handle
  F.competing G.individually H.vertically I.jye.ai J.multiple K.jye.ai
  
     How close are we to flying cars？
     Even before George Jetson fascinated kids with his cartoon flying car，people dreamed of soaring above traffic congestion.Inventors and entrepreneurs have long tried and failed to make the dream a reality，but that may be changing.
     Nearly a dozen companies around the globe，including some with deep pockets such as European aircraft maker to be the first to develop a new kind of aircraft that will enable commuters to glide above Airbus，are （1）

  crowded roadways.A few of the aircraft under development are cars with wings that （2）

  for flight，but most aren't cars at all.Typically they take off and land （3）

  like helicopters.Rather than a single，large main rotor（旋翼），they have （4）

  small rotors operated by a battery - powered electric motor instead of a conventional aircraft engine.
     It's no sure bet that flying-car dreams will turn into reality.There are many obstacles，including （5）

  regulators that the aircraft are safe，figuring out how to （6）

  thousands of new low-flying aircraft over cities without collisions and developing batteries that will keep them in the air long enough.
     But entrepreneurs are moving forward.They see a vast （7）

  market for "air taxis" and personally owned small aircraft to transport people fro m the edges of metropolitan areas to city centers as urban areas grow more congested and people spend more time （8）

  in traffic.They envision tens of thousands of flying taxis delivering passengers to the rooftops of office buildings in city centers during rush hours.
     "In as little as 10 years，products that （9）

  urban travel for millions of people could be on the market." said Zach Lovering，the leader of Aribus' project to develop an autonomous flying taxi.It's unclear yet how much the aircraft will cost，although prices are likely to vary significantly.Some of the aircraft are designed to be （10）

  owned，while others are more for commercial use.Designers hope that if demand is high，prices can be kept affordable through economies of mass production.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage， there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

• 3．Biodiversity is a concept that's commonly referenced，yet regularly misunderstood.The complex（1）

  not only refers to the unbelievable variety of life on Earth，but to how everything from genes to entire ecosystems interact to make the planet habitable.The bad news：science shows that biodiversity is（2）

  worldwide at a faster rate than at any time in human history.That's obviously devastating for everything in nature--including us.
     "If biodiversity disappears，so do people，" says Dr.Stephen Woodley，field ecologist and bio-diversity expert with the International Union for Conservation of Nature. "We are part of the（3）

  and we do not exist without it."
     Preventing such a catastrophe，says Woodley，begins with understanding why biodiversity is declining，and then taking action to（4）

  course.
     "The two greatest（5）

  of biodiversity loss are habitat loss，primarily on land，and overexploitation，primarily in the ocean，" Woodley says.He explains that we can solve these problems by permanently（6）

  more lands and oceans and managing them for their conservation values.
     That's the mission of the global Campaign for Nature，a partnership of the Wyss Foundation and the National Geographic Society.Instead of simply protecting 30 percent of the Earth，the（7）

  also encourages nations，in full partnership with local communities，to focus on the right 30 percent.Those areas，says Woodley，（8）

  the most important biodiversity，such as endangered species and ecosystems and rare species and ecosystems.
     The campaign also recognizes the importance of（9）

  local rights.Local peoples manage or hold tenure（保有權(quán)）over lands that support about 80 percent of the world's biodiversity，making it（10）

  for these communities to be full partners in developing and implementing strategies.
  （11）

  ，protecting the health of key biodiversity areas is vital for tackling climate change，says National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Dr.Enric Sala.Pairing the international Paris Agreement to combat climate change，Sala's paper asserts，"would（12）

  catastrophic（災(zāi)難性的） climate change，conserve species，and secure essential ecosystem services."
     "Biodiversity is stability，" says Sala. "Trees，wetlands，grasslands，peat bogs（泥炭沼澤），salt marshes（鹽沼），healthy ocean ecosystems，mangroves（紅樹林），and plants（13）

  much of the carbon pollution humans put into the atmosphere.Yet，right now，less than half of the planet is in its natural state，which isn't enough." Bottom line：Nature needs us to act-now. "Moving to Mars is not a（n）（14）

  ，" Sala adds. "The only conditions for our life and for the prosperity of human society are here on Earth …we are（15）

  protecting it."
  
  

  （1）	A．a(chǎn)rgument	B．term	C．structure	D．problem
  （2）	A．a(chǎn)ltering	B．developing	C．stabilizing	D．worsening
  （3）	A．ecosystem	B．threat	C．cycle	D．procedure
  （4）	A．a(chǎn)ffect	B．change	C．reverse	D．continue
  （5）	A．a(chǎn)spects	B．causes	C．consequences	D．occasions
  （6）	A．a(chǎn)cquiring	B．protecting	C．exploiting	D．possessing
  （7）	A．management	B．a(chǎn)nnouncement	C．campaign	D．competition
  （8）	A．consume	B．destroy	C．lose	D．contain
  （9）	A．denying	B．enjoying	C．ignoring	D．respecting
  （10）	A．essential	B．simple	C．temporary	D．profitable
  （11）	A．Besides	B．However	C．Thus	D．Otherwise
  （12）	A．witness	B．detect	C．confirm	D．a(chǎn)void
  （13）	A．measure	B．a(chǎn)bsorb	C．survive	D．prevent
  （14）	A．mission	B．decision	C．option	D．exploration
  （15）	A．worried about	B．confident in	C．responsible for	D．good at
  組卷：11引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

Section BDirections： Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

• 4．In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors.There simply wasn't any crime to worry about.
     Amazingly，these happy times appear still to be with us in the world's biggest community.A new study by Dan Farmer，a gifted programmer，using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN，shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have setup home without fitting locks to their doors.
     SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in.Farmer has made program publicly available，amid much criticism.A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle.
      But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and，so far，events have proved him right.SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder.
     So is the Net becoming more secure？Far from it.In the early days，when you visited a Website your browser simply looked at the content.Now the web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page，and run on your own machine.These programs could，if their authors wished，do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.
     At the same time，the Net is increasingly populated with spiders，worms，agents，and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information.All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage.
     But let's look on the bright side.Given the lack of locks，the Internet is surely the world's biggest （almost）crime-free society.Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest.Or that there currently isn't much to steal.Or because vandalism（蓄意破壞）isn't much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone.
     Whatever the reason，let's enjoy it while we can.But expect it all to change，and security to become the number one issue，when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.
  
  （1）By saying "...owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors" （Lines 3-4，Para.2），the author means that

  .
  A．those happy times appear still to be with us
  B．there simply wasn't any crime to worry about
  C．many sites are not well protected
  D．hackers try out tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in
  （2）SATAN，a program designed by Dan Farmer，can be used

  .
  A．to investigate the security of Internet sites
  B．to improve the security of the Internet system
  C．to prevent hackers from breaking into websites
  D．to download useful programs and information
  （3）Farmer's program has been criticized by the public because

  .
  A．it causes damage to Net browsers
  B．it can break into Internet sites
  C．it can be used to cause disorder on all sites
  D．it can be used by people with evil intent
  （4）The author suggests in the last paragraph that

  .
  A．we should make full use of the Internet before security measures are strengthened
  B．we should alert the most influential businessmen to the importance of guaranteeing quality of their services
  C．influential businessmen should give priority to the improvement of Net security
  D．net inhabitants should not let security measures affect their joy of surfing the Internet
  組卷：8引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

V.TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

• 12．雖然堅(jiān)持原則、明辨是非是立身之本，但有時(shí)靈活變通也不失明智。（sense）
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

VI.Guided WritingDirections： Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

• 13．隨著電腦普及率的提高。老師、家長(zhǎng)和學(xué)生對(duì)手寫字的重視程度降低了。下圖是一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示中學(xué)生不想改善字跡的理由。請(qǐng)依據(jù)圖表信息說(shuō)明該現(xiàn)象并談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā?br />
  組卷：5引用：3難度：0.5

  解析