北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊《Unit 3 Conservation》2022年單元測試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
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1．Scientists and marine biologists（海洋生物學(xué)家） had something to celebrate last week when two lost humpback whales（座頭鯨） returned to the Pacific Ocean.Delta and Dawn—a mother and a baby—had circled the Sacramento Bay area for two weeks before going back to the ocean.
"We all shouted loudly like 'Yay'!" said Jim Oswald，a spokesman for the Marine Mammal Centre. "It's been really exciting."
The humpback whales were last spotted on May 29 near the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco，California.Scientists are sure that the whales swam into open water during the evening of May 29 or early the next morning，since there have been no further sightings of the whales.Even so，boats were sent out to look for them，just in case the whales made another wrong turn.
Officials spent two weeks trying to get the whales to turn back towards the ocean.Biologists played recordings of whale-feeding as well as unfamiliar sounds to try to make the whales head back to the Pacific Ocean.
However，Delta and Dawn gave scientists an unexpected chance to study humpback whales in the wild.Scientists were able to gather sound recordings and watch their behaviours.This is especially exciting because humpback whales are an endangered species.What's more，scientists don't usually have the chance to observe（觀察） them in their natural habitat.
"All those things are very hard to get，" said Oswald. "So what we are doing is filling up the knowledge blank on humpback whales in the wild." Scientists should be able to use this information to help other lost whales in the future.
（1）Jim Oswald was very happy because.
A．the whales travelled to Sacramento
B．he found the lost humpback whales
C．the scientists held a great celebration
D．the whales returned to the Pacific Ocean
（2）In order to make the whales go back to the ocean，biologists.
A．fed them with other animals
B．swam into open water
C．played music for them
D．played strange sounds for them
（3）What's the best title for the passage？
A．Looking for the Lost Whales
B．Helping the Lost Whales
C．The Lost Whales Returned
D．Two Whales Were Lost組卷：3引用：1難度：0.4 -
2．Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life.He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert，an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.
In 1958，when he was just 16 years old，Cao started planting trees.Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1.3 million square metres.Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100，000 kilograms of oxygen，enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year.
Mu Us Desert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion （侵蝕） and desertification.The amount of annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 300 millimetres，while evaporation（蒸發(fā)） between 2，000 and 3，000 millimetres.Cao recalls that his growing-up was troubled by sandstorms.This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.
Popularly known as the "Green Great Wall"，the project，which is set for completion in 2050，would be a 4，800-kilometre green belt of trees and shrubs （灌木） protecting the area from strong winds and preventing soil erosion.Since the start of the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme，millions of people have joined in and become a vital part of the plan.
However，the tree-planters face a host of challenges，with watering the most difficult among them. "When I was young，the level of groundwater was high，" said Cao. "But with less rain，the trees are hard to plant and keep alive."
Planting trees has also become harder for Cao as he ages.However，he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children，and he insists the land belongs to the government. "When I die，I just want to be buried under the trees，" Cao said. "Then I will be with them forever."
（1）By listing the figures in Paragraph 2，the author wants to.
A．show Cao has had a hard life
B．praise Cao for his contribution
C．tell us how much oxygen an adult needs
D．make it clear that Cao has made a fortune
（2）Why did Cao make up his mind to plant trees？
A．Evaporation in his hometown was serious.
B．He had no other ways to earn a living.
C．He found it a pleasure to plant trees.
D．Sandstorms kept striking his hometown.
（3）What does Cao Zhawa most care about？
A．His health.
B．His wealth.
C．The forest's ownership （所有權(quán)）.
D．His children's future.
（4）What's the best title for the passage？
A．An Elder in the Desert
B．A Life Devoted to Planting Trees
C．Mu Us Desert Requires Forest
D．Cao Zhawa—a Peasant with a Great Dream組卷：2引用：1難度：0.4 -
3．You get on an almost empty bus，but the next passenger decides to ignore all the empty seats to sit right next to you.While you are waiting in line at the supermarket，the next customer stands just behind you shouting into his phone.
These are attacks of the personal space invaders （侵犯者）.Though preferences for personal space differ from culture to culture，we Britons do love our independence and privacy（清靜）.
As the British etiquette（禮儀） website Debrett's puts it，as a British person，somebody standing too close may make you "focus less on what somebody is saying than on how close they are to you".Simple acts like putting an arm around someone you don't know that well may seem friendly in China，but they can make us very uncomfortable.The ediplomat.jye.ai website explains， "The British are not back slappers （拍打者） or touchers and generally do not show affection（喜歡） in public."
Being a British person around people from other countries can therefore be full of problems.People from many European countries such as France and Spain kiss each other on the cheek when they meet，yet to us this seems too friendly and "touchy-feely".
Simple matters like how close others stand can be problematic to Britons who want to keep their own personal space.Giving advice on how to behave around a British person，Debrett's says that "if you can feel the warmth of their worried breath upon your face，then you're standing too close".
So，are British people unfriendly？Far from it.The ediplomat.jye.ai website explains that we are not as "indifferent" as we may seem，but "very friendly and helpful to foreigners".However，we do have different ideas about our own space to many people from other countries.Just let us know if you're going to come any closer than arm's length，and you'll be fine!
（1）What is the text mainly about？
A．How to make friends with British people.
B．Some tips on British table manners.
C．Ways in which British people show affection.
D．British people's preference for personal space.
（2）According to the text，if you were meeting a British person for the first time，it would be polite of you to.
A．kiss him/her on the cheek
B．put an arm around him/her
C．keep an arm's length away from him/her
D．slap his/her back or shake his/her hands
（3）What does the underlined word "indifferent" in the last paragraph mean？
A．Cold.
B．Modest.
C．Gentlemanlike.
D．Independent.
（4）What can we conclude from the text？
A．British people like to sit next to others on empty buses.
B．British people are helpful，although they may not appear to be.
C．British people do not like staying with other Europeans.
D．British people are happy to show affection in public.組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
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8．假設(shè)你是李華，在上周的英語寫作課上，你班就中學(xué)生"是否應(yīng)該在教室內(nèi)吃早餐"這一問題進行了討論，請將討論內(nèi)容及個人觀點用英文給你校英語報投稿。
注意：支持者認(rèn)為 反對者認(rèn)為 你的觀點 1.邊吃邊學(xué)，節(jié)約時間，有利于學(xué)習(xí)；
2.吃飯時可以和同學(xué)交流。1.邊吃邊學(xué)或吃飯時說話對身體
有害；
2.在教室里吃飯使教室里有異味。……
1 .詞數(shù)80左右，短文開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；
2.文中不要提及真實的校名和人名；
3.書寫規(guī)范，卷面整潔。
Should We Have Breakfast in the Classroom？Dear editor，
Last week，our class held a discussion about whether we should have breakfast in the classroom.______
Yours，
Li Hua組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
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9．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。
Nowadays，most citizens，especially those who live in the metropolis（大城市），have to face the traffic jam every day，which has become one of the major problems in the city.
Traffic jams cause great harm.At first，because of the fact that the vehicles keep giving off harmful gases during traffic jams，the Earth is becoming warmer and warmer.In addition，there is no doubt that traffic jams will affect the effectiveness of work because people have to spend much more time on the way to offices than necessary，and their work will be delayed.Apart from this，traffic jams might give rise to more traffic accidents，which become a great danger to people's life.
Traffic jams are the result of the increase on private cars.Why？Personally，I think the first reason may be the remoteness（遙遠(yuǎn)） of people's workplaces.As a result，people have to choose a tool rather than walk to work.Being flexible and relatively convenient，private cars become a very attractive choice.What's more，owning a private car，especially in some developing countries，is a symbol of wealth and high social status.In some developed countries it is also the symbol of independence and maturity（成熟）.Anyway，private cars are regarded by many people as an absolute necessity.
Undoubtedly，traffic jams must be dealt with properly.In my view，spending more money on public transport systems may be an effective means.Needless to say，policies which encourage people to put these systems to good use，for example，giving certain subsidies （補貼），are necessary.In the meantime，measures to restrict（限制） the use of private cars，such as improving the taxes on cars or petrol should be taken.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.4