2021-2022學(xué)年吉林省長春市南關(guān)區(qū)北師大附中高三（上）期初英語試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，17小題；每小題4分，滿分12分）第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
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1．American track and field athlete Jacqueline Joyner-Kersee once said，"Age is no barrier.It's a limitation you put on your mind." And 50-year-old Indian Lakyntiew Syiemlieh stands an evidence for this saying.She recently cleared her Class 12 board exams.Lakyntiew，who has four children and two grandchildren，decided to go after her higher secondary education over three decades after dropping out of school.Earlier this year，she was one of the 24，267 students who appeared for the state board's Higher Secondary School Leaving Certificate（HSSLC）exam.Lakyntiew took part in the exams for the arts stream and had chosen subjects like Khasi，English，Political Science，Economics，and Education as her areas of specialization.
On July 13，2020，when the results were announced，she was excited. "Though I only got the third division，my children were still so excited that they started shouting，hugging，and kissing me when the results were declared，" said Lakyntiew.
In fact，the grandmother of two has expressed her interest in pursuing higher studies in the field of local language.Lakyntiew took up a distance education course offered by a university in 2015.She stopped going to school because mathematics was too difficult for her to understand.She was offered a job to teach in a preschool in 2008，and that was the beginning of her love for re-learning.
Being the oldest student in the class，most of Lakyntiew's classmates called her as "Mei"，which means "mother" in the local language.Besides concentrating on academics，she also participated in after-class activities like field trips，dance competitions，and singing challenges，among others.
Age is not a problem when one is in search of education.Lakyntiew Syiemlieh is an example for everybody，and especially for those who give up studies midway.
（1）When did Lakyntiew probably drop out of school？
A．In 1968.
B．In 1988.
C．In 2008.
D．In 1998.
（2）Which can best describe Lakyntiew's performance at school？
A．Outstanding.
B．Reasonable.
C．Independent.
D．Active.
（3）Which of the following caused Lakyntiew to stop going to school？
A．She had too much difficulty in learning one subject.
B．Her family was too poor to afford her education.
C．She had many children to raise and had no time to study.
D．She was offered so good a job that she couldn't refuse.
（4）What can we learn from Lakyntiew's story？
A．Many hands make light work.
B．Education is the key to success.
C．Live and learn.
D．Hard work pays off.組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5 -
2．Microplastics，as the name implies，are tiny plastics that result from both commercial product development and the breakdown of larger plastics.Officially，they are defined as plastics less than five millimeters in diameter.
The problem with microplastics is that — like plastic items of any size — they do not readily break down into harmless molecules.Plastics can take hundreds or thousands of years to decompose，and in the meantime，cause damage to the envirjye.aiment.On beaches，microplastics are visible as tiny colored plastic bits in sand.In the oceans，microplastics pollution is often consumed by sea animals.
Some of this environmental pollution is from littering，but much is the result of storms and winds that carry plastics into our oceans.Single-use plastics，plastic items meant to be used just once and then thrown away，are the primary source of microplastics in the environment.
Microplastics have been detected in sea animals，in commercial seafood，and even in drinking water.Alarmingly，standard water treatment facilities cannot remove all the traces（痕跡）of microplastics.To further complicate matters，microplastics in the ocean can combine with other harmful chemicals before being swallowed by animals.
Scientists are still unsure whether consumed microplastics do damage to human or animal health - and if so，what specific dangers they may cause.Even so，many countries are taking action to reduce microplastics.A United Nations resolution has discussed the need for rules to reduce microplastics to oceans，wildlife，and human health.
（1）What does the underlined word "decompose" mean in Paragraph 2？
A．Break down.
B．Fade away.
C．Dry up.
D．Give out.
（2）What can we know about microplastics from Paragraph 4？
A．Water treatment facilities fail to remove their traces.
B．They have been a blow to commercial seafood industry.
C．They can combine with other chemicals inside animals.
D．People might consume them through drinking water.
（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Measures will be taken to reduce microplastics in the environment.
B．Many governments turn a blind eye to microplastics.
C．Scientists have known what specific dangers microplastics may cause.
D．It has been confirmed that consumed microplastics are harmful.
（4）The author writes this passage to.
A．introduce the microplastics treatment methods
B．persuade scientists to look into microplastics
C．a(chǎn)rouse the awareness of protecting seawater
D．inform the public of an environmental issue組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5 -
3．What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop？The products displayed at the entrance？Or the soft background music？
But have you ever noticed the smell？Unless it is bad，the answer is likely to be no.But while a shop's scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds，it is certainly there.And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.
A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance via scent machines.A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air.One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores，customers' intention to purchase increased by 80 percent.
When it comes to the best shopping streets in Pairs，scent is just as important to a brand's success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sales.That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.
Some years ago，the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants' disproving attitude and don't-touch-what-you-can't-afford displays.Now the rise of electronic commerce（e-commerce）has opened up famous brands to a wider audience.But while e-shops can use sights and sounds，only bricks-and-mortar stores can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave.Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop，but rather a destination.And scent is just one way to achieve this.
Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department，and coconut scent in the swimsuit section.A department store has even opened a new lab，inviting customers on a journey into the store's windows to smell books，pots and drawers，in search of their perfect scent.
（1）The main purpose of the passage is to.
A．a(chǎn)rgue and discuss
B．examine and assess
C．inform and explain
D．compare and evaluate
（2）According to the passage，what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store？
A．Friendly assistant.
B．Unique scents.
C．Soft background music.
D．Attractive window display.
（3）E-shops are mentioned in the passage to.
A．introduce the rise of e-commerce
B．push stores to use sights and sounds
C．urge shop assistants to change their attitude
D．show the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores
（4）The underlined word "destination" in Paragraph 5 means.
A．a(chǎn) platform that exhibits goods
B．a(chǎn) spot where travelers like to stay
C．a(chǎn) place where customers love to go
D．a(chǎn) target that a store expects to meet組卷：3引用：2難度：0.5
第二節(jié) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
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4．Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia（NCP），also named COVID-19 by WHO，there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen.Fever，coughing，sore throat，difficulty breathing - the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu，but it's potentially more dangerous.
Viruses could be deadly，like HIV and Ebola.（1）How can they cause so much trouble？
Viruses are non-living organisms approximately one-millionth of an inch long.Unlike human cells or bacteria，they can't reproduce on their own.Instead，they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce，spread and take over.
Viruses can infect every living thing - from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria.（2）Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal.Other viral infections bring about no noticeable reaction.
Viruses lie around our environment all of the time，waiting for a host cell to come along.They can enter our bodies by the nose，mouth，eyes or breaks in the skin.（3）For example，HIV，which causes AIDS，attacks the T-cells of the immune system.
But the basic question is，where did viruses first come from？（4）"Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult，" Ed Rybicki，a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa，told Scientific American，"because viruses don't leave fossils（化石）and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded."
However，there are three main theories to explain the origin of viruses.First，viruses started as independent organisms，then became parasites（寄生者）.Second，viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms.Third，viruses co-evolved with their host cells，which means they existed alongside these cells.
（5）The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.
A.But what are viruses？
B.For the time being，these are only theories.
C.Until now no clear explanation for their origin exists.
D.The answer may be even less satisfactory than it now appears.
E.Once inside，they try to find a host cell to infect.
F.Experts are concerned about the bad effect that it had on people's health.
G.For this reason，they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
第二部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)， 87小題；每小題20分，滿分60分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共3小題；每小題20分，滿分60分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
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5．I've never been an athlete.Aside from excelling at all academic disciplines at school，my main goal was to
（1）PE at all costs.In my twenties，I went for an occasional yoga or Zumba class，but that was really the summary of all my athletic accomplishments.
That was until the end of 2016，when I was unexpectedly laid off.The（2）of getting a new job soon were not in my favor and（3）thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in.I was feeling quite depressed but pushed myself to go and（4）for the TCS NYC Marathon runners as the course was going through our neighborhood.
However，while being there，I got phenomenal（5）from all the runners，smiling，applauding and high-fiving constantly.Not a runner myself，I thought maybe I could give running a（6），just to try，to use my neglected gym membership and see where it（7）me.And so I tried.I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill（跑步機(jī)）.I was out of breath by minute five，but I（8）down，walked for a bit and then restarted.I came back the next day，hoping to（9）a few minutes longer.By the end of two weeks，I could run for 30 minutes，which was a huge（10）.
While I saw my body starting to look more toned，I also noticed my negative thoughts didn't occur that
（11）.And it sparked a thought—what if I could set a running（12）and sign up for my first- ever race？I did and races sort of became a new hobby.
In the meantime，I was able to（13）a few freelance（自由職業(yè)的）projects.They offered me a good（14），and，most importantly，the time to work out for the big race.Also，when I was going for interviews，I started to feel very（15）in my abilities，experience and skills.
I got my full-time job（16）at my dream company just a couple of weeks before the half marathon.Although I got an（17）from overtraining right before the race，I still went for it and still finished within my（18）time.
I still have a long running（19）ahead of me—I'd love to work on my speed，my technique and I dream of running a marathon outside of the US.Running gives me（20）that I can do anything I set my mind to.（1） A．a(chǎn)void B．a(chǎn)ttend C．pursue D．postpone （2） A．hopes B．plans C．options D．odds （3） A．random B．critical C．deep D．dark （4） A．call B．cheer C．look D．stand （5） A．energy B．pleasure C．luck D．sympathy （6） A．lift B．break C．shot D．choice （7） A．takes B．leaves C．meet D．drops （8） A．came B．fell C．slowed D．went （9） A．walk B．last C．rest D．function （10） A．credit B．success C．impact D．opportunity （11） A．readily B．occasionally C．normally D．frequently （12） A．limit B．goal C．record D．standard （13） A．a(chǎn)pprove B．create C．secure D．continue （14） A．service B．position C．income D．future （15） A．confident B．interested C．a(chǎn)bsorbed D．confused （16） A．permit B．offer C．schedule D．a(chǎn)pplication （17） A．a(chǎn)ward B．injury C．honor D．issue （18） A．a(chǎn)ppointed B．original C．expected D．spare （19） A．show B．route C．journey D．distance （20） A．consideration B．faith C．evidence D．guidance 組卷：4引用：1難度：0.6 -
6．Carly's eyes filled with tears as the dusty bus drove down a dirt road in southern Vietnam.The 14-year-old girl and her（1）
had traveled by plane from Canton，Ohio，to Ho Chi Minh City and then by bus deep into the Mekong Delta.Now，as they reached the village，hundreds of cheering（2）lined the entrance to the Hoa Lac School，a two-story building that Carly had（3）money for.
When Carly was eight，she started（4）others by giving Thanksgiving baskets in the church to families in need.It was a snowy day，（5）she saw that one girl was wearing only a shirt and that others didn't have（6）coats.The next November，she went door to door（7）used coats，hats，gloves，and scarves，and then（8）them out with the baskets.
But Carly wanted to do（9）-she wanted to "change their lives".She（10）that her grandmother's Rotary club had，years，earlier，collected money to build a（11）in Vietnam.That was it，she decided.She'd build a school too.
She tried to let people（12）more about Vietnam and the（13）there.She gave speeches.She（14）with enthusiasm."The kids in rural Vietnam don't have beautiful schools，" she told a room of 200 Rotarians."That's not（15）.I want to give them a（16）to make their lives better." That summer，Carly set off with her family across Ohio，（17）three or four Rotary clubs a week." We traveled like crazy people to all these（18），" recalled her mother，Kris.
In two year，Carly had collected ﹩50，000.At the dedication ceremony（落成典禮）in Hoa Lac，the school principal was（19）with the girl."How wonderful it was that a girl of her age wanted to do something for kids so（20），" he said through a translator.（1） A．classmates B．friends C．family D．team （2） A．villagers B．farmers C．workers D．schoolchildren （3） A．raised B．earned C．spent D．borrowed （4） A．encouraging B．teaching C．helping D．engaging （5） A．a(chǎn)nd B．before C．though D．because （6） A．beautiful B．warm C．big D．thin （7） A．buying B．a(chǎn)sking for C．booking D．consulting about （8） A．took B．left C．handed D．put （9） A．more B．a(chǎn) lot C．once D．both （10） A．considered B．thought C．believed D．remembered （11） A．school B．hospital C．factory D．hospital （12） A．feel B．save C．know D．study （13） A．culture B．economy C．scenery D．children （14） A．spoke B．played C．laughed D．traveled （15） A．true B．exciting C．careful D．fair （16） A．place B．room C．house D．playground （17） A．passing B．visiting C．watching D．scanning （18） A．discussions B．topics C．meeting D．suggestions （19） A．pleased B．satisfied C．shocked D．impressed （20） A．far away B．lovely C．good-looking D．lonely 組卷：3引用：2難度：0.3 -
7．A beggar was sleeping in the doorway of a fruit shop.The shop owner felt angry.He walked up to him and
（1）him to go away in a rude manner，but the beggar did not seem to（2）him and lay still jye.aire.The shop owner got much（3），shouting that he was a beggar in disguise （假裝） and（4）cheated passers-by for money by making use of their kindness.At that time，it was the busiest moment of a day and the market was（5）with shoppers.They all blamed the beggar for（6）.Showing fear，the beggar（7）his face in an old blanket.What he received was bitter（8）rather than help.
The next morning，it was drizzling.An old man，who went to the market early，found the beggar（9）on the ground.He woke the beggar up and（10）asked whether he was cold or not，but the beggar made no（11）.Then the old man（12）his hands gently，saying that they felt（13）.With these words，he ran home in a hurry，returned with a pile of（14），picked out a sweater and urged the beggar to（15）it on again and again.Seeing what happened，many other passers-by surrounded the beggar and gave him change one after another，showing（16）for him.It was not long before the beggar received a handful of（17）.
In many cases our behavior may have a great（18）on the people around us because they are likely to（19）us.Therefore，we should pay special attention to what we do and say，trying to infect others with positive words instead of（20）ones.（1） A．persuaded B．encouraged C．expected D．ordered （2） A．a(chǎn)pproach B．speak C．hear D．a(chǎn)gree （3） A．a(chǎn)ngrier B．happier C．sadder D．braver （4） A．still B．only C．never D．a(chǎn)lready （5） A．crowded B．covered C．provided D．equipped （6） A．laziness B．dishonesty C．inability D．mistake （7） A．buried B．raised C．closed D．bent （8） A．a(chǎn)dmiration B．curiosity C．scold D．praise （9） A．crying B．eating C．playing D．sleeping （10） A．loudly B．rudely C．seriously D．kindly （11） A．comment B．reply C．introduction D．bet （12） A．lifted B．kissed C．held D．threw （13） A．freezing B．warm C．sleepy D．comfortable （14） A．books B．clothes C．pictures D．money （15） A．show B．take C．get D．put （16） A．respect B．pity C．worry D．a(chǎn)ppreciation （17） A．coins B．food C．fruit D．sand （18） A．change B．view C．effect D．impression （19） A．a(chǎn)void B．invite C．compare D．follow （20） A．important B．meaningless C．negative D．harmful 組卷：1引用：1難度：0.7
第二節(jié) 單句語法填空（共27小題；每小題 1 分，滿分27分）
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8．The
（popular） of his books among parents and the recommendation of experts both at home and abroad have quickly made him a celebrity educator.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7 -
9．Modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers
（send） to the village school last week．組卷：4引用：2難度：0.3 -
10．Your son is in great danger and he needs
immediate operation which costs 48，000 yuan.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7 -
11．Equipped with modern facilities，today's hospitals are quite different from
of the past.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7 -
12．According to Darwin's Survival of the Fittest，only those species that were able to adapt
the sudden great changes of their living conditions survived.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7 -
13．
（fortunate），I didn't buy my ticket before the prices went up.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7 -
14．I remembered she once
（tell） me that she would not fall in love with a dark-haired guy.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7 -
15．John and I have been friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we
（see） each other couple of times before that.組卷：0引用：2難度：0.6 -
16．Oh，it looks like Professor Brown is here.I
（talk） to you some more after class.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6
第三部分 單句改錯（共16小題；每小題1分，滿分16分）以下句子中每句有一處錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
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49．You can smoke here unless you leave a window open to let the smoke out.
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50．Telling your teacher the problem with learning，theoretically，and they will help you.
組卷：1引用：1難度：0.6