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外研版（2019）必修3《Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you Period 2》2023年同步練習(xí)卷

發(fā)布：2024/10/17 6:0:3

一、填空題

1．When

（speak） in front of classmates，I always feel nervous.
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2．He stood up，

（signal） the officer that he had finished with his client.
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3．The girl wrote an email to her brother，

（criticize） him for his mistake.
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4．When

（ask）why he did such a thing，little Tom didn't answer but hung his head.
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二、閱讀理解

5．Essentially，everyone has two ages：chronological age（按時間計算的年齡），how old the calendar says you are，and biological age，basically the age at which your body functions as it compares to average fitness or health levels.
   "Chronological age isn't how old we really are.It's merely a number，" said Professor David Sinclair at Harvard University. "It is biological age that determines our health and ultimately our lifespan.We all age biologically at different rates according to our genes，what we eat，how much we exercise，and what environment we live in.Biological age is the number of candles we really should be blowing out.In the future，with advances in our ability to control biological age，we may have even fewer candles on our birthday cake than the previous one."
   To calculate biological age，Professor Levine at Yale University identified nine biomarkers.The numbers of those markers，such as blood sugar and immune（免疫的） measures，can be put into the computer，and the algorithm（算法） does the rest. "I think the most exciting thing about this research is that these things aren't set in stone，" Levine said. "People can be given the information earlier and take steps to improve their health before it's too late. "
   Levine even entered her own numbers into the algorithm.She was surprised by the results. "I always considered myself a very healthy person.I'm physically active；I eat what I consider a fairly healthy diet.But I did not find my results to be as good as I had hoped they would be.It was a wake-up call，" she said.
   Levine is working with a group to provide access to the algorithm online so that anyone can calculate their biological age，identify potential risks and take steps to improve their own health in the long run. "No one wants to live an extremely long life with a lot of chronic（慢性的） diseases，" Levine said. "By delaying the development of mental and physical functioning problems，people can still be engaged in society in their senior years.That is the ideal we should be pursuing."

（1）What does biological age depend on？

A．Whether we can adapt ourselves to the environment.
B．How well our body works compared with our pees'.
C．When we start to take outdoor exercise.
D．What the calendar says about our age.
（2）What does Professor David Sinclair mean by saying "we may have even fewer candles on our birthday cake than the previous one" in Para.2？

A．We don't have to celebrate our birthday every year.
B．We are chronologically older than last year.
C．We might be less happy than the previous year.
D．We may be biologically younger than the year before.
（3）What does the author want to tell us by Levine's example in Para.4？

A．It is necessary to change our diet regularly.
B．The test results may give us wrong information.
C．Waking up early in the morning is good for our fitness.
D．The algorithm can show our potential health problems.
（4）The eventual goal of Levine's research is to

.
A．free people from chronic diseases
B．work out a solution to genetic problems
C．keep people socially active even in old age
D．provide people with access to scientific theory
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6．Honesty may well be the policy，but it often deserts us when no one is watching，psychologists report today.Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying up when under the gaze of a pair of eyes.The surprise was that the eyes were not real，but photographed.
   Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret.They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an honesty box alongside a kettle，with tea，coffee and milk.Over 10 weeks，they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.
   Dr.Bateson，a behavioral biologist and leader of the study，said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly.The effect may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival.Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group，rather than act selfishly.
   "If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly.But when we think we're being watched we should behave better，so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us，" Dr.Bateson said.
   "We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes，by it was quite striking how much difference they made.Even at a subconscious level，it seems people respond to eyes，and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved（進化） to respond to. "
   The finding，which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past，could be turned to practical use.The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior.

（1）The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers

.
A．wanted to get a comparatively more exact result
B．had known they wanted to do something illegally
C．meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues
D．intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price
（2）People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because

.
A．they want to leave a good impression
B．they fear to be laughed at by others
C．they've got the nature through evolution
D．they take the photo for a real pair of eyes
（3）The underlined phrase "sheds light on" in the last paragraph means

.
A．causes somebody to become cheerful
B．makes something easier to understand
C．comes upon something by accident
D．brings something into the broad daylight
（4）Images of a pair of eyes can be applied to all except

.
A．ticket sales on public transport
B．cold drink sales in public places
C．places with "No spitting! " signs
D．Christmas decorations in one's home
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三、信息匹配

7．I just counted how many foreign languages I've studied so far in my life and it's been twelve!
   I always follow my interests and find ways to put my language learning into things I'm already interested in．I like to read blogs（博客）in other languages．（1）

．For the most part，bloggers tend to write the same way they speak，so I don't have to worry much about adopting strange terms that are only used in writing．
   Movies are also a really good tool，especially if you can find subtitles in the language you're learning．（2）

，they will still keep your brain listening and reading in the same language．Music is another way to start listening to things in your new language．Personally，I'm so bad at understanding lyrics（歌詞）even in English，so this one doesn't really work for me，but I have friends who learn a language through lyrics．Games are of course also an excellent way of studying a new language．A lot of language learning computer programs include games．I'm super competitive and if I play any of them，I can be hooked for hours．（3）

．
   When the initial excitement of learning a new language begins to fade，it can be hard to stick with it．The hardest bit for me is when I'm comfortable enough with a language to understand most things and make myself understood．I'm actually stuck at this stage in Norwegian．（4）

．Ideally I should sign up to take a big language exam．Each time I start getting self-satisfied，it's time to take a new course or sign up for online lessons，or take up some sort of challenge that will require me to level up my skills．
   （5）

．The best language class I've ever taken was my beginner's Russian course at university where my professor never used any English．It got to the point where I would kind of just forget about English while in Russian class，which helped me to really immerse myself in the Russian language and do a whole lot with the limited Russian I had．

A．That's really uncomfortable
B．Whatever languages they're translated into
C．I also try to think in the language I'm learning
D．It's time well spent if I'm learning the language
E．Computer games always make me feel worn out
F．Though they don't always exactly match what's being said
G．I found them the perfect learning tool because they're usually written in oral language
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