2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省南京師大附中高三（上）期中英語(yǔ)試卷

第二部分：閱讀 （共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

• 1．
     This document sets out the display standards for Glasgow Museums.This guide will help exhibition planners provide access to exhibitions in our museums.Glasgow Museums' aim is to improve access to collections by having as many items as possible on display and without physical barriers.We also try out best to protect these objects without limiting access to them.
  ?Object Placement
  ?Don't place objects in such a way that they could present a danger to visitors.
  ?All object displays，cased or otherwise，must be viewable by all，including people who are small in figure or in wheelchairs.
  ?Open Display
  ?All objects on open display must be secure from theft and damage.
  ?All objects identified for potential open display must be viewed and agreed on an object-to-object basis by the Security Manager of the museum.
  

  Recommendations	Distance
  Recommended distance to place objects out of "casual arm's 700mm length" （taken from the edge of the object to the edge of any proposed form of barrier）	700mm

  *In some cases，600mm may be acceptable，provided the plinth height is above 350mm.
  ? Cased Objects
  ?All cased displays should fall within the general optimum （最優(yōu)的） viewing band of 750-2000mm.Ensure everything is visually accessible from a wheelchair.
  ?Position small objects or those with fine detail in the front part of a case，with larger items behind.
  ?Position small items or those with fine detail no higher than 1015mm from floor level.Objects placed above this height are only seen from below by people in wheelchairs or people who are small in figure.
  
  
  （1）From this passage，we can learn that Glasgow Museums

  .
  A．value the experiences of all visitors
  B．make generous donations to the disabled
  C．a(chǎn)re most famous for its large collection
  D．limit access to exhibitions on a daily basis
  （2）According to the guide，objects to be placed on open display must

  .
  A．be equipped with anti-theft system
  B．be viewed from a distance of 700mm
  C．receive approval from the museum first
  D．fall within arms' reach of a standing man
  （3）A mother and her 10-year-old son are likely to both feel comfortable in front of a diamond placed in a glass case at the height of

  .
  A．1250mm
  B．950mm
  C．650mm
  D．450mm
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．In recent years，a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy，including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.
     Studies have shown.jye.ai instance.jye.ai eating in front of the TV （or a similar distraction） can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed.Even simple visual cues，like plate size and lighting，have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
     A new study suggested that our shot-term memory also may play a role in appetite.Several hours after a meal，people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they'd eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them --- in other words，how much they remembered eating.
     This difference suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal.jye.ai Jeffrey M .Brunstrom，a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.
     "Hunger isn't.controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal.We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal." Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."
     These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body's response to the food itself.In a 2011 study，for instance，people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones，depending on whether the shake's label said it contained 6200 r 140 calories.Moreover，the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.
     What does this means for our eating habits？Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves in to eating less，the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
  
  （1）which of the following affects our appetite and food intake according to the author？

  
  A．When we eat our meals.
  B．How fast we eat our meals.
  C．What ingredients the food contains.
  D．How we perceive the food we eat.
  （2）What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal？

  
  A．You would not feel so hungry.
  B．You would have a good appetite.
  C．You would not feel like eating at all.
  D．You would be more particular about food.
  （3）Which of the following works best if we plan to control our appetite？

  
  A．Picking dishes of the right size.
  B．Tricking ourselves into eating less.
  C．Choosing food with fewer calories.
  D．Concentrating on food while eating.
  （4）What is the main idea of the passage？

  
  A．Good eating habits will contribute to our health.
  B．Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.
  C．Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.
  D．Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.
  組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．If you start a sentence with，"If I were you..." or find yourself scratching your head over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear，there's a scientific reason behind it.Our own decision-making abilities can become exhausted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices，but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enioyable task that doesn't suffer the same difficulties.
     "The problem is decision fatigue，a psychological phenomenon that causes harm to the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making，" says Evan Polman，a leading psychologist.Physicians on the job for several hours，for example，are more likely to prescribe antibiotics（抗生素） to patients when it's unwise to do so."Presumably it's because it's simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further，" Polmarr says.
     But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else.When people imagine themselves as advisers，they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts. "By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker，one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue，"he says."It is as if there is something fun about making someone else's choice."
     "Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process，it often also includes riskier choices.While this sounds undesirable，it can be quite good.When people experience decision fatigue，when they are tired of making choices，they have a tendency to choose to go with status quo，"says Polman."But it can be problematic since a change in the course of action can be important and lead to a positive outcome."
     To achieve a successful outcome or reward，some level of risk is almost always essential."People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something，" he says."That's not to say risk is always good，but.jye.ai is related to taking action，whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin（懊惱） of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered."
     "Just because you can make good choices for others doesn't mean you'll do the same for yourself，"Polman cautions. "Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves，"he says，adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.
  
  （1）What does the author say about people making decisions？

  
  A．They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.
  B．They may become exhausted making too many decisions for themselves.
  C．They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.
  D．They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.
  （2）When do people feel less decision fatigue？

  
  A．When they take decision shortcuts.
  B．When they have advisers to turn to.
  C．When they have major decisions to make.
  D．When they help others to make decisions.
  （3）What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in？

  
  A．They avoid trying anything new.
  B．They turn to physicians for advice.
  C．They tend to make risky decisions.
  D．They adopt a totally new perspective.
  （4）What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making？

  
  A．It will enable people to be more creative
  B．It will more often than not end in regret.
  C．It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.
  D．It is likely to bring about serious consequences.
  組卷：7引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分：寫(xiě)作 （共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) （滿分15分）

• 8．假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Peter下周二要參加學(xué)校辯論隊(duì)的面試，他來(lái)信征求你的建議。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.寫(xiě)信目的；2.提出建議。參考詞匯：辯論隊(duì)debate team
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) （滿分25分）

• 9．I love to play the piano and I greatly enjoy performing my songs，so when the annual winter recital was canceled，I was disappointed.I had looked forward to it for a long time and had already prepared two of my best songs.
      My mom had a wonderful idea，however，to turn this disappointing letdown into something worthwhile. "You can perform your songs at Carriage House Senior Living，" my mom suggested brightly. "I'm sure the seniors there who do not have families visit them that often，would really appreciate the music and you could play more than just two songs."
      I immediately thought this was a great idea.One of the things I did not like about the recitals was that I was limited to playing just a couple of songs.Playing the piano at Carriage House seemed like a win-win situation because not only would I get to play more songs，but I would also have the chance to cheer up the residents there with some lively tunes.
      My mom called Carriage House and made arrangements for me to perform.In the coming days，I worked especially hard to polish up fifteen pieces that I thought the crowd would enjoy，including many old classics.
      When the much-anticipated day finally arrived，my family and I drove to Carriage House.Walking through the enormous double doors，we stepped into an entryway that overlooked the spacious grand dining room.Right at the entrance to the dining room stood the piano as if it were just waiting to make some music to liven the place up a bit.At nearly every table several gray-haired women or men were seated enjoying their dinner and the company that the crowded room provided.Despite the conversations going on at various tables though，isolation hung like a dark cloud in the room.
      Almost immediately，we were greeted by an old woman with a walker who introduced herself as Phyllis in charge of Carriage House.She welcomed me and led me to the stage.
  注意：
  1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
  2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
  As I sat down on the bench，I pressed a key on the piano and was surprised to hear no sound._________
    Nervousness melted away and I started to enjoy the performance with the old.______________
  組卷：23引用：4難度：0.5

  解析