2017年上海市高考英語試卷

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

• 1．In the presence of animals A professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form of health care．As far back as the 1790s，the elderly at a senior citizens' home in England （1）

  （encourage） to spend time with farm animals．This would help patients' mental state more than the cruel therapies（2）

  （use） on the mentally ill at the time．In recent years，scientists have finally begun to find proof（3）

  contact with animals can increase a sick person's chance of survival and have shown （4）

  （lower） heart rate，calm upset children，and get people to start a conversation．
      Scientists think that animals' companionship is beneficial （5）

  animals are accepting and attentive，and they don't criticize or give orders．Animals have the unique ability to be more social．For example，visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions．
      Not only do people seem （6）

  （anxious） when animals are nearby，but they may also live longer．Studies show that a year （7）

  heart surgery，survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets．Elderly people with pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions，possibly because animals relieve loneliness．Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind，（8）

  （result） in a favorable environment for everyone．
      Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children．They are more easy-going when there are animals around，with （9）

  company they tend to calm down more easily．They involve （10）

  in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly．
  組卷：135引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

• 2．

  A．suspected B．fortunately C．invasions D．inevitable E．a(chǎn)ccustomed F．unreliable G．features H．a(chǎn)cknowledged I．inclusion J．transferred K．instantly

  The iPhone X，Apple's new smart phone，is equipped with facial recognition． （1）

  ，its scanner can unlock the system．It requires no buttons to be pressed，being always ready to read your face．Android users can expect similar （2）

  as well．
     For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email，send a text or make a call，it will be quick，easy and pretty "cool" to use．However，as we grow （3）

  to the technology，we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it．
     Facial recognition is already used everywhere．In China，police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk （亂穿馬路）．In the United State，more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation．Governments，however，are not the only users of facial recognition．Retailers （零售商） use the technology in their stores to identify （4）

  shoplifters．One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you．
     However，different users of facial recognition produce different levels of accuracy．Camera distance，lighting，facial pose all affect the accuracy．Officials at the New York Police Department，for example，have （5）

  at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system．If the iPhone's new system is similarly （6）

  ，no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information． （7）

  ，it probably won't be．But for many of the systems elsewhere，mistakes and （8）

  of privacy might be unavoidable．
     As the smart phone of choice for many users，the iPhone's （9）

  of facial recognition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere．However，even as we choose to explore the convenience facial recognition might offer，we should also be suspicious of the many ways it can be used．Facial recognition may well be （10）

  ．Its risks need not be!
  組卷：29引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

III. Reading Comprehension （45%）Section ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

• 3．    Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to "do what you love．" But mastering a skill，even one that you deeply love， （1）

  a huge amount of dull work．Anyone who want to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice， （2）

  feedback，modification，and increasing improvement again，again and again．Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement．Yet others find this kind of focused，time-intensive work to be （3）

  or boring．Why？
     The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of "flow，" the feeling of being completely （4）

  in what you are doing．Whether you call it being "in the zone，" or something else，a flow state is a special experience．Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the （5）

  of flow in the 1970's，it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research．Flow states can happen in the course of any activity，and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a（n） （6）

  skill level，and where the individual is able to （7）

  their performance to clear and immediate feedback．
     Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most （8）

  entered into flow states had an "autotelic personality （自帶目的性人格）" a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow．While those without such a personality see difficulties，autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills．Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges．They are also （9）

  and have low levels of self-centeredness．Such people，with their capacity for "disinterested interest" have a great （10）

  over others in developing their innate abilities．
     Fortunately for those of us who aren't （11）

  blessed with an autotelic personality，there is evidence that flow states can be （12）

  by environmental factors． （13）

  ，the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states．
     While there isn't （yet） a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone，it is heartening that we seem，at least to some （14）

  ，to be able to nudge ourselves toward flow states．By giving ourselves unstructured，open-ended time，minimal （15）

  ，and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty，we may be able to love what we're doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we loving doing．
  
  

  （1）	A．inquires	B．requires	C．a(chǎn)cquires	D．gains
  （2）	A．preventable	B．maintainable	C．sustainable	D．critical
  （3）	A．frustrating	B．encouraging	C．concerning	D．instructing
  （4）	A．improved	B．indicated	C．involved	D．inspired
  （5）	A．concept	B．receipt	C．reception	D．condition
  （6）	A．a(chǎn)lternative	B．a(chǎn)ppropriate	C．a(chǎn)pproximate	D．sufficient
  （7）	A．make	B．a(chǎn)dopt	C．a(chǎn)dapt	D．a(chǎn)djust
  （8）	A．fully	B．really	C．readily	D．a(chǎn)ccidentally
  （9）	A．generous	B．persistent	C．courageous	D．resistant
  （10）	A．a(chǎn)ddict	B．a(chǎn)dvance	C．a(chǎn)dvantage	D．a(chǎn)dmire
  （11）	A．necessarily	B．obviously	C．gradually	D．occasionally
  （12）	A．forbidden	B．functioned	C．fastened	D．facilitated
  （13）	A．In particular	B．For example	C．In conclusion	D．In comparison
  （14）	A．intention	B．degree	C．purpose	D．extension
  （15）	A．temptation	B．charming	C．a(chǎn)ttractions	D．distractions
  組卷：138引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C， D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

• 4．The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society．Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood．However，films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers．
     The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress．Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film．Thus，every scene must have a purpose．This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story．With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques，it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward．Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity，the goal at the end of each chapter，page，or sentence is simple：keep the story moving．Films not only help writers develop a plot，but also help writers develop specific moments within their stories．Although writing a means of expression，not all things are easy to express in writing，especially facial expressions and emotions．Films allow writers to study the bodily and emotional actions that make characters read more realistically and make stories more tempting．
     Lastly，sometimes it takes a film to bring about a story idea in the first place．Stop using a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt．A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting．As writers，whether fiction or independent，our works often arise from the things we see around us or the things we wish we could see．Nonetheless，our works also arise from the visuals that have been created for us．As literature continues to enter the film industry，perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature．
  
  （1）Reminded by films，a writer can move the plot forward by

  ．
  A．keeping in mind that every word should mean something．
  B．providing a description of as many details as possible．
  C．paying attention to further enhancing literary complexity．
  D．choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought．
  （2）According to the passage，films help writers develop in many aspects except

  ．
  A．getting an improved expressiveness
  B．focusing on keeping the story moving．
  C．complicating their thinking and life．
  D．bringing in inspiration for new works．
  （3）The word "prompt" （paragraph 4）probably means

  ．
  A．a(chǎn) reason to write．
  B．a(chǎn) topic to start from．
  C．a(chǎn)n excuse to put off working．
  D．a(chǎn)n element to attract relationship．
  （4）Which of the following statements best represents the author's thoughts in this passage？

  
  A．book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry．
  B．directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers．
  C．writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things．
  D．filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves．
  組卷：69引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

• 12．有人聲稱這個減肥丸效果顯著，立竿見影，且對身體無害．但事實遠非如此．（It）
  組卷：30引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

VI. Guided Writing：

• 13．Direction：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．
  你是※※中學的※※，你校學生會組織一次徒步活動，已在校園網(wǎng)發(fā)布方案，征求師生的修改意見．你需要寫一封郵件，包括以下兩點：
  1．提出你覺得需要改進的地方；
  2．需要改進的原因．
  

  主題	發(fā)現(xiàn)上海
  時間	5月1日（周日）下午3點
  路線	從人民廣場出發(fā)，途徑南京東路，到達外灘（the Bund），全程徒步，之后再徒步原路返回人民廣場．
  組卷：50引用：1難度：0.5

  解析