2023年重慶市烏江新高考協(xié)作體高一（下）期末英語試卷
發(fā)布：2024/6/8 8:0:9
第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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1．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic.Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they're named for，
Jones Terrace（梯田）
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antaretica's Victoria Land bears Jones' name.In 1969，geochemist Lois M.Jones led the first all-female research team from the US to work in Antaretica.Jones and her team studied chemical weathering（風(fēng)化作用）in the McMurdo Dry Valleys，an ice-free area of Antaretica.Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected，Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley's ice-covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8.202-foot-high Mount Fiennes，located on Antarctica's largest island Alexander Island—is named for Ginny Fiennes.She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antaretic.In 1985，F(xiàn)iennes became the first female invited to join the Antaretic Club，a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3，727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica's Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis，who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey，the national polar research institute of the UK.Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antaretica's Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden.She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic，where she used radio waves to study ice sheets.Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice.They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica's ice sheets.
（1）Which place is named after a builder of radio towers in the Antarctic？
A．Jones Terrace.
B．Mount Fiennes.
C．Francis Peak.
D．Peden Cliffs.
（2）Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antaretic？
A．Lois M.Jones.
B．Ginny Fiennes.
C．Dame Jane Francis.
D．Irene Peden.
（3）What is special about Irene Peden？
A．She could judge the thickness of Antaretica's ice sheets.
B．She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
C．She was the first female American to explore the Antarctic.
D．She correctly measured the spreading speed of radio waves.組卷：11引用：6難度：0.5 -
2．?As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
?Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
?The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park -goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding （編碼） experiences into different categories.For example，one participant's experience of "We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while" was assigned the categories "sitting at beach" and "listening to waves."
?Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.
?Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
?"We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，" said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.
（1）What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text？
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
（2）Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories？
A．To compare different types of park-goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
（3）What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5？
A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C．The same nature experience takes different forms.
D．The nature language enhances work performance.
（4）What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn？
A．Language study.
B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.
D．Intercultural communication.組卷：201引用：12難度：0.5 -
3． Working out exactly what students and taxpayers get for the money they spend on universities is a tricky business.Now the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development（OECD），a Paris-based think-tank for rich countries，is planning to make the task a bit easier，by producing the first international comparison of how successfully universities teach.
"Rather than assuming that because a university spends more it must be better，or using other proxy measures for quality，we will look at learning outcomes，" explains Andreas Schleicher，the OECD's head of education research.Just as the OECD assesses primary and secondary education by testing randomly chosen groups of youngsters from each country in reading and mathematics，it will sample university students to see what they have learned.Once enough universities are taking part，it may publish league tables showing where each country stands，just as it now does for compulsory education.That may produce a fairer assessment than the two established rankings，though the British one does try to broaden its inquiry by taking opinions from academics and employers.
There is much to be said for the OECD's approach.Of course a Nobel laureate's view on where to study may be worth hearing，but those professors may be so busy writing and researching that they spend little or no time teaching—a big weakness at America's famous universities.And changes in methodology can bring surprising shifts.The high-flying London School of Economics，for example，tumbled（暴跌）from 17th to 59th in the British rankings published last week，primarily because it got less credit than in previous years for the impressive number of foreign students it had managed to attract.
The OECD plan awaits approval from an education ministers' meeting in January.The first rankings are planned by 2021.They will be of interest not just as a guide for shoppers in the global market，but also as indicators of performance in domestic markets.They will help academics wondering whether to stay put or switch jobs，students choosing where to spend their time and money，and ambitious university bosses who want a sharper competitive edge for their institution.
The task the OECD has set itself is formidable.In many subjects，such as literature and history，the syllabus varies hugely from one country，and even one campus，to another.But OECD researchers think that problem can be overcome by concentrating on the transferable skills that employers value，such as critical thinking and analysis，and testing subject knowledge only in fields like economics and engineering，with a big common core.
Moreover，says Mr Schleicher，it is a job worth doing.Today's rankings，he believes，do not help governments assess whether they get a return on the money they give universities to teach their undergraduates.Students overlook second-rank institutions in favour of big names，even though the less grand may be better at teaching.Worst of all，ranking by reputation allows famous places to coast along，while making life hard for feisty upstarts. "We will not be reflecting a university's history，" says Mr Schleicher， "but asking：what is a global employer looking for？" A fair question，even if not every single student's destiny is to work for a multinational firm.
（1）The project by OECD is aimed to.
A．a(chǎn)ssess primary and secondary education of each school that subscribe to the service
B．a(chǎn)ppraise the learning outcomes of university students as part of their academic performance
C．establish a new evaluation system for universities
D．set up a new ranking for compulsory education
（2）The assessment method by OECD is different from the established rankings in.
A．that its inquiry is broader as to include all the students and staff
B．that its samples are chosen randomly based on statistical analysis of method
C．that it attaches more importance to the learning efficiency
D．that it takes opinions from the students to see what they have learnt
（3）By the case of London School of Economies，the author wants to show that.
A．the OECD's approach is very fair
B．the Nobel laureate's opinion is not worth hearing
C．the British rankings pay more attention to the foreign students
D．different assessment methods may lead to different ranking results
（4）The OECD's ranking system will probably be welcomed most by.
A．parents who pay for the children's secondary education
B．the famous colleges
C．those ambitious second-rank institutions
D．shoppers in the global market組卷：11引用：3難度：0.3
第一節(jié)（滿分15分）
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8．假定你是李華，最近國內(nèi)一家英文報(bào)紙正在討論人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行太空探索。以下是你所在班級討論的情況。請你給該報(bào)寫封信，反映討論結(jié)果，并提出自己的看法。
40%的同學(xué)反對（1）浪費(fèi)金錢，這些錢原本可以解決地球上的饑餓、貧困等問題； （2）可能會(huì)污染太空里的環(huán)境。
60%同學(xué)贊成：（1）能更好地應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害；（2）可進(jìn)行地球上無法進(jìn)行的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
注意： （1）詞數(shù)100詞左右；
（2）可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
（3）開頭已為你擬好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
參考詞匯：貧困poverty
Dear Editor，
Recently our class have had a heated discussion about whether it is worthwhile for mankind to explore the space.___________
Yours，
Li Hua組卷：5引用：5難度：0.5
第二節(jié)
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9．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
The chain of kindness The rain was coming down so hard that each drop seemed to explode as it hit the roof of the car.Tom looked out into the coal-black night，struggling desperately to keep his car on the road.The rain beat down continuously and the road was deserted except for Tom and his car.
Tom could see his wheelchair in the back seat from the rear-view mirror and quickly looked down at his thin，broken legs.He could feel a familiar wave of despair start to wash over him.Suddenly，a loud noise shook him out of his moment of hopelessness as the car began to bump down the road."Great，"he thought，"a flat tyre."
With a heavy sigh，Tom brought the car to a stop，resting his head on the steering wheel，defeated!After a few seconds，he looked up and peered out of the wjye.aidow.In the distance，he could see a light twinkling in the blackness.
When Tom approached the house，a young girl around ten years old was standing in the doorway.He pulled up and rolled down the window."Are your parents at home？"he shouted over the wind and rain."I have a flat tyre and I need help."
"Wait a minute，"the girl replied and went into the house.A few minutes later，she returned with an old man.The girl held his arm and smiled lovingly up at him.
Tom explained the problem to the old man and added，"I need help because my legs are paralyzed."The words came out flat.But he did not know how else he could convey the fact that he needed help from this weak old man in the middle of the rainstorm.The old man simply nodded.
The old man and the little girl concentrated on their work and the rain was soaking them.Once again，Tom couldn't help but feel he was useless.Soon the old man stepped to the window."You're all set，"he said.Tom handed some money to the old man，but he made no move to take it.Finally，the young girl said，"Grandfather is blind."
注意：
（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Tom did not know what to say.___________
Inspired by the chance encounter，Tom started to see everything differently.___________組卷：21引用：5難度：0.5