2021-2022學(xué)年山東省青島市城陽區(qū)高二（上）期中英語試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（15個(gè)小題， 每題2.5 分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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1．What comes to mind when you think of a museum？Perhaps you picture a building in a rather traditional design made of high-quality stone？Perhaps you imagine one of the classic concepts，such as the Museum of Natural History，the Museum of Fine Art，or the National Museum.However，in the UK，some museums are bound to be considered a little unconventional and eccentric .No matter how uncommon your interest is，there's a museum for you!
What about Neil Cole's Adventures in Science Fiction？This museum of classic science fiction was opened by founder Neil Cole.Visitors to this Allendale attraction in Northumberland can see items ranging from props used in the BBC series Dr Who to part of Thor's costume from the Avengers movie. "Science fiction has become more mainstream so I thought people might want to see this，" says Mr Cole.
If clocks are more to your taste，why not visit the Cuckooland Museum？Set up by brothers Roman and Maz Piekarski，this Cheshire collection of over 600 cuckoo clocks is considered to be the largest of its kind in the world – and all from the Black Forest region in Germany.
Finally，you could visit the Viktor Wynd Museum of Curiosities in London.This offbeat，alternative institution bucks the trend of educating visitors through written explanations alongside its curios.Instead，it displays all of its odd treasures，which include dodo bones，shrunken heads and a collection of McDonald's Happy Meal toys，with no explanation at all.
These are just a few examples.There are many more wonderful institutions out there that march to the beat of their own drum.All you have to do is go and find them!
（1）What does the underlined word "eccentric" in paragraph 1 mean？
A．Wonderful.
B．Unusual .
C．Creative.
D．Popular.
（2）If you are a science fiction fan，which museum will you choose？
A．the Museum of Natural History.
B．Adventures in Science Fiction.
C．The Cuckooland Museum.
D．The Viktor Wynd Museum of Curiosities.
（3）What is the purpose of this text？
A．To introduce the variety of museums.
B．To compare different museums.
C．To recommend some unconventional museums.
D．To explain the function of museums.組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5 -
2．British researchers say they have created an artificial intelligence （AI） model that is highly effective at predicting rainfall within the next 90 minutes.
The model was built by scientists at Google-owned research company DeepMind in London.The company partnered with researchers at the University of Exeter in Britain and the Met Office，the British government's national weather service.The team says tests of the system showed it produced more accurate predictions，or forecasts，for short-term rainfall than other existing systems.
Accurate nowcasting can be a very important tool for preparing for possible weather emergencies.It can be used by officials in the areas of water management，agriculture，air and ground traffic control and outdoor event planning. "We were especially interested in the ability of these models to make predictions on medium to heavy-rain events，which are the events that most impact people and the economy，" the team said.The scientists said their model aims to create predictive "movies" of immediate weather patterns.They said that，unlike other systems，theirs can accurately capture large-scale events，as well as several different rain possibilities.This combination permits "rainfall uncertainties" to be deeply explored.
During the testing process，the team said the model showed "statistically significant" improvements in these areas compared to competing methods.In addition，the researchers reported that a group of more than 50 weather experts from the Met Office rated the AI model to be more accurate and useful in 89 percent of cases than existing forecasting systems.
Despite the study results，researchers admitted that the model still has limitations.They said "more work is needed to improve the accuracy of long-term predictions and the accuracy on rare and intense events." The team said it will now center on developing new methods to test and measure the model's performance.It will also work to create more specialized systems to work in real-world conditions.
（1）What do we know about the new AI model？
A．The model is created by researchers of Met Office.
B．The model can predict any rainfall within 90 minutes.
C．The model needs improving in long-term forecasting.
D．The model has been used in real-world conditions.
（2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？
A．The difficulty of accurate nowcasting.
B．The relationship between weather forecasting and economy.
C．The necessity of building the new AI model.
D．The principles of the new model.
（3）Why does the writer mention the weather experts from the Met Office in paragraph 4？
A．To prove the advantage of the new model.
B．To compare the new model with the old systems.
C．To explain the rule of weather forecasting.
D．To show how the existing system works.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？
A．Existing Forecasting system Needs Improving.
B．AI Predicts Immediate Rainfall Better than Existing Systems.
C．New Explorations in Weather Predictions.
D．New Methods on Testing the AI Model's Performance.組卷：6引用：6難度：0.6 -
3．With the first quarter of 2021 crossed out of your calendar，have you stuck with your New Year's resolutions？If yes，congratulations!Keep on doing it!However，it won't surprise anyone if you are among the majority of people who fail to make any changes.
Procrastination，meaning delaying actions for one reason or another，may play an important part here.For example，when we read a book or write articles，the efficiency will decrease if we have a cell phone close by and we have to finish the plans next day.
Apart from procrastination，overconfidence may also be part of the problem.Israeli-American behaviorist Daniel Kahneman has identified something called "planning fallacy".This means we believe our own projects will proceed as planned even though similartasks took more time.
Why do we keep making this mistake？In his book，Thinking，F(xiàn)ast and Slow，Kahneman says it's because of "optimism bias"（樂觀偏見）" .He also says we underestimate the time we will need.In one famous example，planners originally estimated the Sydney Opera House would be completed by 1963.It was actually completed in 1973，an entire decade later.Optimism and even overconfidence can generate false beliefs，leading us to overrate our abilities，" Kahneman wrote.
According to US writer Steve Pavlina，we could make a to-do list of upcoming tasks，and write down a rough estimate for how long we expect each task to take.Chinese news site Qdaily also noted， "People could use historical data in a proper manner.Previous experiences can help them see future trends."Another way is to try and be more objective--take more of an outsider view.The ability to think about your experiences from a more detached point of view，rather than an immersed one，is important.
These methods aren't enough to send a man to the moon. You also should take action right now.
（1）What is the text？
A．A news report.
B．A short story.
C．A book review.
D．An explanation article.
（2）Why can't the plan be finished in time according to the passage？
A．The task is too difficult.
B．We don't like to take action.
C．We lack confidence.
D．We overrate our abilities.
（3）What does Paragraph 5 intend to tell us？
A．Ways to overcome optimism bias.
B．Opinions on oncoming tasks.
C．Benefits of an outsider view.
D．Effects of previous experiences.
（4）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean？
A．These methods can make you more confident.
B．These methods are not as effective as imagined.
C．Using these methods can not guarantee success.
D．Landing on the moon needs other ways besides these methods.組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）第一節(jié)（滿分 15分）
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8．請根據(jù)下面提示寫一篇短文。
? Mark Twain once said， "Humor is mankind's greatest blessing".Do you agree with his remark？Give your reasons.
注意：
1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2.請?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。組卷：1引用：2難度：0.3
第二節(jié)（滿分 25 分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
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9．Mo was waiting outside her class.She was feeling sick.She had two exams that day.Physics was first and she hated physics，it was her worst subject.Terry looked back at her from the front of the line，then looked away quickly.Mo thought she looked guilty.She didn't have a problem with physics.She didn't have a problem with anything!
"Hi，Mo，it's your favourite exam today!" said Nima as she arrived.Terry looked back again. "What's wrong with her？" said Nima. "I thought you were friends." "Yes，so did I，" said Mo. "But she looks absent-minded and acts strangely these days.She promised to help me revise for the physics exam，but then she ignored all my calls and texts!" said Mo angrily while going into the exam room.
Mo couldn't answer question number five.She looked up and saw Terry sitting in the next row.Mo was surprised.Terry was holding her phone under the table and she was reading from it.Is that how Terry always got good grades？She felt really angry at Terry and thought about telling the teacher，but what would everyone else think of her？It wasn't fair!Mo never cheated and she failed lots of exams.Terry had already put her phone away when Mo looked up again.She looked back at Mo and smiled sadly. "Stop writing and put your pens down" said Mr Reed as he started to collect the exam papers.Oh no，Mo hadn't answered two of the questions.She was going to fail again!
The next exam was history.That was Mo's favourite subject but she didn't feel good. "It wasn't fair!" she thought. "Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time.And I thought we were friends!" Just then，Mr Reed walked past her table. "Mr Reed..."
Mo was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam，but Terry didn't take her phone out.Mo was feeling bad again.Why did she tell Mr Reed？But it was too late now.He wanted her to look at him and nod if she saw that Terry had her phone in the exam.She was on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table.Without thinking，Mo looked up and nodded to Mr Reed.
注意： ?
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Terry was looking at her phone and didn't hear him as he walked silently up to her table.
Mo was leaving school when she heard footsteps behind her.It was Terry.
組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5