2019-2020學(xué)年四川省成都外國語學(xué)校高二（下）開學(xué)英語試卷

第I卷（選擇題 共70分）第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）

• 1．Coronaviruses （冠狀病毒）
  Coronaviruses（冠狀病毒） are a large group of viruses．They consist of a core of genetic material（遺傳物質(zhì)）surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes（蛋白棘突）．This gives it the appearance of a crown．Crown in Latin is called "corona" and that's how these viruses get their name．In this text，we'll take a quick look at what's currently known about the virus．
     Covid-2019
     The 2019 Novel Coronavirus was first reported December in Wuhan，central China's Hubei Province，has quickly spread across the country and around the world．It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia（肺炎） who'd been associated with a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan．
     Intermediate hosts：The 2019-nCoV may originate in bats，a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier，while the intermediary host remains unknown．
     Incubation period（潛伏期）：1-14 days．
     Infection：Virus may spread before symptoms show．
     SARS-CoV
     The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome （SARS） coronavirus was first identified in China in 2003．
     Intermediate hosts：Bats are the original host．Civet cats and cats serve as an important intermediary that carries virus from the winged mammal to humans．
     Incubation period：2-7 days．
     Infection：Virus spread after symptoms show．
     MERS-CoV
     The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome （MERS中東呼吸綜合征） coronavirus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯） in 2012．
     Intermediate hosts：Bats are the original host．MERS-CoV was travelled from dromedary camel to humans．
     Incubation period：2-14 days．
     Infection：Virus may spread before symptoms show．
  
  （1）What is the intermediate hosts of the Covid-2019？

  
  A．Bats．
  B．Civet cats．
  C．Camel．
  D．Unknown yet
  （2）Which kinds of coronaviruses may spread before symptoms show？

  
  A．The Covid-2019
  B．SARS-CoV
  C．The Covid-2019 and MERS-CoV
  D．MERS-CoV
  （3）What is the following statement is not true about coronaviruses ？

  
  A．The Covid-2019，SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are all included in coronaviruses．
  B．The animal reservoir of the Covid-2019 is bats．
  C．A mysterious pneumonia outbreak was first identified in China．
  D．But in both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV cases，bats are the original host．
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Mary Wilkins Ellis was a volunteer pilot for Britain's Air Transport Auxiliary（ ATA） during World War Ⅱ．
     Mary Wilkins was born on Feb.2，1917．When she was 8，her father bought her a ride in a plane．From there，she was hooked．As a teenager，she persuaded her father to pay for flying lessons，and she earned her pilot's license at 22 in 1939．
     In 1940，she heard an ad for volunteer pilots to help the war effort．She signed up and joined the ATA，whose task was to deliver planes from factory to base or from base to factory for repairs．
     At the height of World War Ⅱ，26-year-old Mary Wilkins climbed down a ladder from the cockpit （駕駛艙） of a bomber（轟炸機(jī)） at a Royal Air Force base in England．
     "Where's the pilot？" someone on the ground asked．
     "I am the pilot!" she responded．She had delivered the bomber alone-although built for a five-man crew-from its factory．People on the ground looked at her in surprise．One of them even decided to climb up the ladder to check the plane for the "missing" pilot．
     She was one of the "Atagirls"，as they were nicknamed，who almost always flew without other crew members，compass or radio assistance．They guided themselves by using maps and following rivers or railway lines．While they did not fly in combat（戰(zhàn)斗），they faced the daily danger of attack by enemy planes．Mrs．Ellis was once shot at over Bournemouth，in southern England，by "friendly fire" from the ground．Another time，she had a near-miss when landing in thick fog at the same time a combat Spitfire landed on the same runway from the opposite direction．That experience won her the nickname "the fog flyer"．
     In all，Mrs．Ellis flew more than 1，000 warplanes of 76 types-including 400 Spitfires-among more than 200 British airfields from 1942 to the end of the war in 1945．
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "hooked" mean in the second paragraph？

  
  A．Touched．
  B．Addicted．
  C．Annoyed．
  D．Confused．
  （2）Where did Mary Wilkins probably learn the ad for volunteer pilots？

  
  A．In a newspaper．
  B．In a magazine．
  C．On a poster．
  D．On the radio．
  （3）Why did one person on the ground climb up the ladder？

  
  A．He didn't believe women could fly these planes．
  B．He was interested in what a bomber looked like．
  C．He couldn't wait to experience a ride in a bomber．
  D．He wanted to check if the plane was in good condition．
  （4）What do we learn about "Atagirls"？

  
  A．They often flew in combat．
  B．They were often shot at by enemy．
  C．They often flew on their own．
  D．They guided themselves by radio when flying．
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．"What kind of rubbish are you？" This question might normally cause anger，but in Shanghai it has become a special "greeting" among people over the past week．On July 1st，the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations（條例）that are required to follow and expected to be used as a model for our country．Residents must divide their waste into four separate categories and toss （投放）it into specific public dustbins．They must do so at specified times，when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of one's rubbish．Individuals who fail to follow the regulations face the possibility of fines and worse．They could be punished with fines of up to 200 yuan （＄29）．For those who repeat to go against them，the government can add black marks to their credit records，making it harder for them to get bank loans or even buy train tickets．
     Shanghai government is responding to an obvious environmental problem．It generates 9 million tons of garbage a year，more than London's annual output，which is rising quickly．But like other cities in China，it lacks a recycling system．Instead，it has relied on trash pickers to sift（篩選）through the waste，picking out whatever can be reused．This has limits．As people get wealthier，fewer of them want to do such dirty work．The waste，meanwhile，just keeps piling up．
     Many residents appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are annoyed by the details．Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food，recyclable，dry or harmful，the distinctions among which can be confusing，though there are Apps to help work it out．Some have complained about the rules concerning food waste．They must put it straight in the required public bins，forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand．What they complain most is the short periods for dropping trash，typically a couple of hours，morning and evening．Along with the monitors at the bins，this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out；no one wants to look bad．
  
  （1）What do we know about the trash-sorting regulations in Shanghai？

  
  A．They are the first of their kind．
  B．They are tied to one's bank account．
  C．They have the highest fines．
  D．They're aided by monitors．
  （2）Why has Shanghai introduced the trash-sorting regulations？

  
  A．There are fewer and fewer trash pickers．
  B．It aims to build a new recycling system．
  C．It faces more and more serious garbage problems．
  D．People throw the rubbish here and there．
  （3）What makes the residents upset most about the regulations？

  
  A．Limited time for tossing the trash．
  B．Confusing distinction among the categories of trash．
  C．Being fined due to improper behavior．
  D．Being watched by monitors when throwing the garbage．
  （4）What can be the best title for the text？

  
  A．A Good Way of Trash-sorting
  B．A New Era of Garbage Classification
  C．A Great Time in Dealing with Litter
  D．An Effective Solution to Rubbish Problem
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．From talking robots to driverless vehicles，technology has become so advanced that the previously impossble seems to occur on a daily basis．And yet-we still have no cure for the common cold．
     Why can't we stop the common cold？According to Peter Barlow，a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University，the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that belong to the rhinoviruses（鼻病毒）．There are at least 160 types．They mutate（突變） so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs，or learn to hide from our immune systems．In other words，a single cure isn't likely to work on every type of cold．
     However，researchers from Stanford University and the University of California，San Francisco，have found a possible answer．They discovered a protein（蛋白質(zhì)） that the viruses need．All the viruses were unable to replicate（復(fù)制） inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein called SETD3．
     To identify the gene which produces the specific protein，researchers used a gene-editing technique to test all genes in the human genome （基因組）．Namely，they randomly disabled a single gene in each of the cells，so that the cells lacked one or another of every gene in our genome．These genetically modified cells were then exposed to the rhinoviruses，which cause the common cold．The team then looked at which gene was missing in cells that continued to grow．As it turned out．the one that stood out was SETD3，which makes a protein of the same name．
     Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can temporarily disable the protein，instead of producing genetically modified humans． "We have identified a fantastic target that all rhinoviruses require and depend on．Take that away and the virus really has no chance，" said Carette．
  
  （1）Which does Peter Barlow think is a problem for fighting the common cold？

  
  A．The poor immunity of patients．
  B．The large variety of viruses．
  C．The lack of enough cures．
  D．The side effects of drugs．
  （2）What do we know about the gene- editing study in Paragraph 4？

  
  A．All genetically modified cells survived
  B．Some genes in our genome were ignored
  C．It located the gene responsible for SETD3
  D．It exposed the harm of the rhinoviruses．
  （3）How should we stay away from the common cold according to Carette？

  
  A．Apply gene-editing to human genes
  B．Avoid contacts with colds patients
  C．Prevent cold viruses from mutating
  D．Develop a drug to switch off SETD3
  （4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？

  
  A．Potential defense found for cold viruses
  B．Secrets behind the human genes
  C．Real causes of the common cold
  D．Puzzles over rhinoviruses solved
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) （共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)．

• 5．World Wildlife Day-- 3rd March 2020
  Our planet is home to every lifeform we know．（1）

  
     Humans are no different．We depend on wildlife and on the planet's rich biodiversity for our survival and well-being．We might think we have fully bent nature to our needs，but we entirely depend on the resources of our biosphere to meet the needs of over seven billion people．And nature has its own needs．（2）

  After all，we are only one link in the chain of life．When we harm other links in the chain，we hurt the bond of life that unites us all．
  （3）

  But we can prevent that．We must conserve the wild plants，animals，and ecosystems around us．（4）

  By doing so，we are protecting ourselves．
     In 2020，World Wildlife Day celebrates biodiversity，including wild fauna and flora，in all its varied and beautiful forms．（5）

  
  
  A．We must be careful not to overexploit it．
  B．Today，unsustainable human activity could cause up to a million species to go extinct．
  C．These come in all shapes and sizes - from the most unfamiliar to the ones you see every day．
  D．We need one another for food and sustenance．
  E．We must use our natural heritage wisely and sustainably．
  F．We're not always the kindest neighbors to each other．
  G．Let's work together to build a world that can truly sustain all life on Earth．
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 完形填空（共1小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）

• 6．Chinese netizens，who had to （1）

  indoors for days to combat the ongoing （2）

  of the novel coronavirus related pneumonia，began to （3）

  their wish lists of things they would do immediately after the pandemic （4）

  ．
     Among the 24，000 participants from all over the country，nearly half said they would love to meet their loved ones，and （5）

  10，000 said they would go out shopping or go to a movie theater and eat hotpot，according to a popular online survey under the topic "what you want to do most after the pandemic"（6）

  on Chinese Twitter-like platform Sina Weibo on Sunday．
     "I really need to hit the gym．I have spent days at home doing （7）

  but eating and watching TV shows on the couch between sleeps，" some vowed online．
     （8）

  also showed that many wanted simply to resume their old （9）

  ．
     "I would love to go back to my university to work on my dissertation，to make sure I can （10）

  on time，" wrote one． "I want to work and make money，so I can buy myself a house，" wrote another．
     The pandemic outbreak had （11）

  more than 3340 lives until last Sunday morning．Under similar discussion （12）

  ，many netizens made more profound reflections on life and （13）

  in the aftermath of the outbreak． "If we can （14）

  the disaster，let's remember not to devour wild （15）

  ．And if medical workers can save us from the disease，let's learn to respect their lives and to treat them with （16）

  ，" one netizen wrote． "Even after the disease，we should develop habits of washing hands properly and （17）

  ，and of wearing masks in crowded（18）

  places，" another （19）

  ．
     Some also said they would love to reschedule their family gathering for the Chinese New Year，as many who were fighting （20）

  the epidemic in frontline areas had been unable to make it this year．
  
  

  （1）	A．go	B．stay	C．sit	D．sleep
  （2）	A．a(chǎn)ppearance	B．outbreak	C．emergence	D．experiment
  （3）	A．read	B．watch	C．share	D．dream
  （4）	A．burn away	B．give away	C．turn away	D．goes away
  （5）	A．a(chǎn)nother	B．other	C．the other	D．others
  （6）	A．launched	B．forbade	C．guided	D．mixed
  （7）	A．a(chǎn)nything	B．nothing	C．something	D．a(chǎn)nyone
  （8）	A．Agreements	B．Occasions	C．Comments	D．Applications
  （9）	A．routines	B．trips	C．expressions	D．trouble
  （10）	A．contract	B．graduate	C．disturb	D．project
  （11）	A．left	B．observed	C．refused	D．claimed
  （12）	A．topics	B．conclusions	C．reasons	D．purposes
  （13）	A．school	B．society	C．education	D．home
  （14）	A．enjoy	B．a(chǎn)cquire	C．a(chǎn)dd	D．survive
  （15）	A．a(chǎn)nimals	B．plants	C．desert	D．stones
  （16）	A．selflessness	B．a(chǎn)tmosphere	C．kindness	D．greedy
  （17）	A．fluently	B．frequently	C．a(chǎn)dditionally	D．hardly
  （18）	A．obvious	B．easy	C．open	D．public
  （19）	A．proposed	B．quarreled	C．criticized	D．finished
  （20）	A．with	B．a(chǎn)gainst	C．for	D．to
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第四節(jié)：短文改錯（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）

• 19．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
  增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
  修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線（_），并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
  1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞．2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
  Dear Henry，
      I'm glad to have received your letter．It's a pleasure for me to tell you how I spend my summer vacation after the college entrance examination．Before the examination，I had good rest because I did feel tired after the hard work of all these years．Of course，I did some reading for fun，and for knowledges as well．I spent some time staying with our parents，chatted with them and doing some housework．They have done so much for me，you know．Beside，I took part in some social activities so that I could know less about the society．How about your vacation？Did you feel interesting？Write back and share it to me，will you？
  Best wishes
  Li Hua
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第五節(jié)：書面表達(dá) （25分）

• 20．假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Leslie給你發(fā)郵件詢問你在新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情期間是怎么度過的．請你根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)寫一封郵件回復(fù)她．
  1．如何度過；
  2．你的感受．
  注意：
  1．詞數(shù)100左右；
  2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
  3．開頭語已為你寫好．
  參考詞匯：疫情 pandemic situation； 新冠肺炎 COVID-19
  Dear Leslie，
      I'm glad to receive your email．________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：13引用：4難度：0.5

  解析