2018年河南省鄭州一中高考英語一模試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
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1．After two years of careful consideration，Robert McCrum has reached a conclusion on his selection of the 100 greatest novels written in English.Take a look at a few in his list：
The Pilgrim's Progress by John Banyan （1678）
A story of a man in search of truth told with the simple clarity and beauty of Bunyan's prose makes this an English classic.
Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe （1719）
By the end of the 19th century，no book in English literary history had enjoyed more editions and translations.This world-famous novel is a complex literature that one cannot resist.
Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift （1726）
A great work that's been repeatedly printed，Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels comes third in our list of the best novels written in English.
Clarissa by Samuel Richardson （1748）
Clarissa is a tragic heroine，pressured by her dishonorable family to marry a wealthy man she dislikes，in the book that Samuel Johnson described as "the first book in the world that shows the knowledge about the human heart".
Tom Jones by Henry Fielding （1749）
Tom Jones is a classic English novel that gets the spirit of its age and whose characters are well-known since they have come to represent the society at that time.
Emma by Jane Austen （1816）
Jane Austen's Emma is her most outstanding work，mixing the best parts of her early books with a deep sense of feelings.
The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket by Edgar Allan Poe （1838）
Edgar Allan Poe's only novel—a classic adventure story with supernatural elements—has fascinated and influenced generations of writers.
（1）Which English book has got the most translations before the 20th century？
A．Robinson Crusoe.
B．Gulliver's Travels.
C．Tom Jones.
D．Emma.
（2）What does Samuel Johnson think we can learn about from the book Clarissa？
A．A love story.
B．Quarrels in a family.
C．The human heart.
D．The spirits of the lime.
（3）What makes the characters in Tom Jones famous？
A．Their classic lifestyles.
B．Their different nationalities.
C．Their typical spirits of the age.
D．Their representation of the society.組卷：0引用：4難度：0.5 -
2．Lakshmi grew up in India in the first half of the twentieth century，seeing many people around her who did not get enough food，were often sick and died young.
In the 1960s，she was asked to help manage a program to improve nutrition in her country.At that time，most advice on nutrition came from North American and European countries.Nutritionists suggested foods that were common and worked well for people who lived in these nations.
For example，they told poor Indian women to eat more meat and eggs and drink more orange juice.But Lakshmi knew this advice was useless in a country such as India.People there didn't eat such foods.They weren't easy to find.And for the poor，such foods were too expensive.
Lakshmi knew that for the program to work，it had to fit Indian culture.So she decided to adjust the nutrition program.She first found out what healthy middle class people in India ate.She took note of the nutrients （營養(yǎng)物）available in those foods.Then she looked for cheap，easy-to-find foods that would provide the same nutrients.
She created a balanced diet of locally grown fruits，vegetables，and grains.These foods were cheap and could be cooked with simple equipment.Her ideas were thought unusual in the 1960s.For example，she insisted that a diet without meat could provide all major nutrients.Now we know she was right.But it took her continuous efforts to get others to finally accept her diet about 50 years ago.Because of Lakshmi's program，Indian children almost doubled their food intake.And many children who would have been hungry and ill grew healthy and strong.
（1）Why did Lakshmi think European nutritionists，advice was useless？
A．It worked well for European people.
B．It suggested too many foods for Indians.
C．It was not practical in India that time.
D．It included foods that didn't exist in India.
（2）Lakshmi studied healthy middle class people's diet in order to.
A．know about their eating habits
B．learn about Indian culture
C．find out nutrients in their food
D．write a report on food nutrients
（3）Lakshmi's balanced diet was considered unusual because people thought.
A．those foods were too cheap
B．it should include some meat
C．it provided all major nutrients
D．it enabled kids to grow healthy
（4）What can we infer about Lakshmi？
A．She came from a rich family.
B．She disliked middle class people.
C．She worked with European nutritionists.
D．She was a determined scientist.組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5 -
3．The times are changing.On Thursday October 13th，singer-songwriter Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，marking the first time the highly-eyed-on literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician，and giving rise to heated discussions.
The 75-year-old won the prize "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition，" the Swedish Academy said.
"For 54 years he has been at it，reinventing himself，" said Sara Danius，the academy's permanent secretary. "Bob Dylan writes poetry for the ear.But it's perfectly fine to read his works as poetry."
And while many Dylan fans have found great delight at the news，others online and in the literary community are cross with the Committee，saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year.
New York Times Book Review editor Pamela Paul said it was good news but pointed out how many "deserving" novelists there are.
Director Martin Scorsese put out a statement saying he was "overjoyed" that Dylan was awarded the prize.
"Dylan's poetry，his musical genius，has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world，" Scorsese said. "His work has influenced and shaped culture，and he has never stopped exploring and growing as an artist.The Nobel Committee has given Dylan a form of recognition that fits his role in our culture - in world culture."
Dylan won a Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for his "great influence on popular music and American culture."He's the first American to win the literary Nobel since Toni Morrison in 1993.
（1）Why does Bob Dylan's winning Nobel Prize cause heated discussion？
A．He created poetic expressions.
B．He is known as a musician.
C．He reinvents himself.
D．He is 75 years old.
（2）Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 4？
A．a(chǎn)re thankful to
B．a(chǎn)re satisfied with
C．a(chǎn)re angry with
D．a(chǎn)re worried about
（3）What can we know about Dylan according to Martin Scorsese？
A．Dylan influences Martin a lot.
B．Dylan is happy with the award.
C．Dylan is a poet rather than a musician.
D．Dylan benefits a lot from world culture.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？
A．A brief introduction to Bob Dylan.
B．The reason for Bob Dylan's success.
C．Bob Dylans influence on American culture.
D．Different views on Bob Dylan's award.組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5
第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）
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8．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
If asked whether there is anyone I want to apologize to，I will say Pete．He is my best friend at school and he has been my roommates for two years．He is very generous．Whenever his parents come to see him for snacks and fruits，he will share it with others．However，I made a unforgivable mistake the other day when I thought he had used with my lunch box without my permission．I shout at him，and I was very rudely．But it turned out that it was another student took my lunch box mistakenly．I'm really shame of my rudeness and hope Pete will accept my apologize．組卷：7引用：4難度：0.5
第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分25分）
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9．假定你是李華，已申請就讀美國南加州大學（University of Southern California）．在申請過程中，得到前美國外教Mr．King的幫助．請你給Mr．King寫信，包含以下要點：
1．已被大學錄?。?br />2．感謝他的幫助；
3．期待在美同相見．
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫．．組卷：7引用：3難度：0.3