2022-2023學(xué)年上海市長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)仙霞中學(xué)高三（上）第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

• 1．A Soft Drink a Day Keeps the Doctor Close People who regularly consume at least one sugary soft drink a day，no matter the size of their waist，could be at increased risk of cancer，according to a new study.
      Researchers from Cancer Council Victoria and the University of Melbourne studied more than 35，000 Australians （1）

  developed 3.283 cases of obesity-related cancers.（2）

  （publish） on Thursday，the study found a positive association between soft drink consumption and cancer risk，independent of obesity，after statistically adjusting for waist circumference.
      The authors say the results justify the need （3）

  （minimize） the intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks. "Initially our hypothesis（假設(shè)）was （4）

  drinking soft drinks would cause obesity which would then cause an association with obesity-related cancers， （5）

  we found that there was more beyond the effect of obesity，" said the lead researcher，Associate Professor Allison Hodge of Cancer Council Victoria's epidemiology and intelligence division. "These particular cancers are commonly associated with obesity.However，our research found this risk existed for all participant， （6）

  their size."
      According to the research，which was conducted through the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study，the more sugary soft drinks participants drank， （7）

  （high） their risk of cancer.This was not the case for those who drank diet soft drinks，suggesting sugar could be the key，said Hodge.（8）

  （add） that the "surprising" findings warranted further research. "We definitely would like to see these findings confirmed in other studies and then also to understand （9）

  about the mechanism and whether sugar could be a driver of this association." she said.
      Cancer Council Victoria's chief executive，Todd Harper，said this new research provided another reason for Australians to switch to water. "Sugary drinks，including soft drinks，（10）

  （know） to be a cause of obesity，which greatly increases the risk of 13 types of cancer，" Harper said. "And cancer is just one of many chronic health conditions associated with sugary drink consumption，including increased risk of type -2 diabetes，heart disease，and tooth decay."
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

• 2．A.delicate B.outnumber C.prioritize D.widens E.share F.policies
  G.effects H.jye.ai I.illiteracy J.jye.ai K.worthwhile
     In many places for much of human history，girls were considered property.They were required to obey their fathers until the day they had to start obeying their husbands.Few people thought it （1）

  to educate them.Even fewer imagined that a girl could grow up to govern Germany，run the IMF or invent a vaccine.
     In most of the world that vision of girlhood now seems not merely old-fashioned but unimaginably（2）

  .In much of the rich world parents now treat their daughters as well as they do their sons，and invest as much in their future.In field after field girls have caught up with boys.Globally，young women enrolled at universities now （3）

  young men.The speed of change has been amazing.Fifty years ago only 49% of primary school-age girls in lower-middle-income countries were in school，compared with 71% of boys；today the （4）

  of both is about 90%.In 1998 only half the world's secondary-school-age girls were enrolled；today two-thirds are.Over the same period rates of （5）

  fell from one in five young women aged 15-24 to one in ten，bringing them roughly on a par with young men.
     Girl babies are more wanted than ever before and girls are healthier.When societies handle girlhood well，the knock-on（連鎖的）（6）

  are surprising.A girl who finishes secondary school is less likely to become a teenage mother.Education boosts earning power and （7）

  choices，so she is less likely to be poor or to suffer domestic abuse.
     The COVID-19 pandemic could block progress for girls in poorer countries.During previous disasters，they have often been the ones who have suffered the most.When Ebola forced West African schools to close in 2014，many girls dropped out.UNICEF （8）

  that something similar could happen with COVID-19-but on a larger scale.
     The risk of regression（倒退）is real.So it is essential that，even if the governments of poorer countries have to tighten their belts，they （9）

  spending on education and girls.Donors should help，too.And （10）

  should be joined up.
     Adolescence is a key juncture for girls.So，get girlhood right.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage， there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

• 3．On September 11^th 2001，when al-Qaeda（阿富汗恐怖組織）attacked America，almost 3，000 people died.In response the government（1）

  national security and.jye.ai better or worse，struck a new balance between liberty and security.Today，On the 20^th（2）

  of 9/11 roughly 3，100 people in America died because of covid-19.Another 3，100 died on September 12^th.And again on the 13^th.
     By our estimates，based on excess deaths，the pandemic has（3）

  -860，000 lives in America.Yet measures to stop the virus by compulsory vaccination，which the Biden government announced on September 9^th，are being regarded as（4）

  liberty. "This is still America，" tweeted Tate Reeves，the governor of Mississippi， "and we still believe in freedom from tyrants（暴君）." That is fatally wrong.The details of the Biden command could be improved on，but in democracies public health sometimes requires some（5）

  .
     Across the world，governments are using pressure of one sort or another to（6）

  vaccination.That should be no surprise.Ever since vaccines were invented，the state has asked some people to be treated to（7）

  viruses such as yellow fever.The justification for this practice was（8）

  by America's Supreme Court as long as 1905：even if in most cases you are free to refuse treatment，you are not thereby free to infect other people.
     The question is whether each country's requirement is proportionate.But what should not be in doubt is the danger（9）

  by the Delta variant of covid-19.It is too infectious to be stopped simply by tracking cases.Vaccinated people，especially the elderly，gradually lose protection.Treating the unvaccinated cost ﹩-3.7 bn in America，or ﹩20，000 a patient，in August -- a waste of（10）

  .
  For all these reasons，your（11）

  about vaccination is everyone's business.It matters that only 63% of Americans aged over 12 have had two doses of a vaccine.Delta's rapid spread through the population can be slowed by vaccination，（12）

  hospitals overload and protecting vulnerable vaccinated people.
     A survey of over 50 countries found that over half of unvaccinated respondents said they will not get a（13）

  .Governments cannot rely on orders alone to get them to（14）

  .Instead，they also need to address their country's particular（15）

  ：Turks doubt covid-19 vaccines will work，while Americans worry about side-effects.
  
  

  （1）	A．omitted	B．demanded	C．examined	D．swept
  （2）	A．separation	B．a(chǎn)nniversary	C．figure	D．catalogue
  （3）	A．threatened	B．composed	C．outnumbered	D．claimed
  （4）	A．a(chǎn)gainst	B．beyond	C．including	D．despite
  （5）	A．sincerity	B．a(chǎn)uthority	C．specialty	D．celebrity
  （6）	A．eliminate	B．modify	C．transplant	D．promote
  （7）	A．break down	B．put up with	C．keep away from	D．get down to
  （8）	A．regulated	B．illustrated	C．motivated	D．a(chǎn)ctivated
  （9）	A．posed	B．spotted	C．resisted	D．dumped
  （10）	A．means	B．conditions	C．sources	D．a(chǎn)wards
  （11）	A．motivation	B．option	C．vision	D．composition
  （12）	A．bossing	B．overtaking	C．sparing	D．foreseeing
  （13）	A．shot	B．disease	C．license	D．germ
  （14）	A．win their heart	B．lose their temper	C．risk their life	D．change their mind
  （15）	A．positions	B．concerns	C．crises	D．terms
  組卷：8引用：1難度：0.3

  解析

Section BDirections： Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

• 4．No matter how many steps you take each day，your health benefits add up.But those who take 7，000 steps a day may be adding years to their lives.
     New research found that middle-aged adults who took that many steps daily were up to 70 percent less likely to die at a younger-than-expected age than were those whose movement totaled fewer than 7，000 steps a day.The study，which involved -2，110 middle-aged adults who wore a step-counting device and then were tracked for nearly 11 years，was published in the journal JAMA Network Open.How fast participants walked （referred to as their step intensity） did not affect their mortality risk.Rather，those who walked more lived longer.The researchers found，however，that taking more than 10，000 steps a day - the number often cited as a daily goal for health - yielded no further drop in mortality risk.
     Physical activity like walking is considered one of the most important things people can do to improve their well-being，according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.A former CDC director described physical activity as the closest thing we have to a wonder drug. 'Among its benefits，walking can reduce risk for high blood pressure，heart disease，diabetes and depression，and it can help control weight and improve sleep.It is considered good for your bones，muscles，heart and brain.Although walking is considered safe for most people，those who have any concerns should check with their doctor before launching any new physical activity routine.For adults generally，national guidelines focus on time spent on an activity rather than number of steps，recommending 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity activity，such as walking.
  
  （1）The passage may be an excerpt from the column

  .
  A．Style
  B．Opinion
  C．Health and Science
  D．Sports
  （2）We can learn from the passage that

  .
  A．The research spanned through the whole life of 2，110 middle-aged adults.
  B．Walking more than 10，000 steps a day is equivalent to 7，000 in terms of health benefits.
  C．Walking speed matters as much as how many steps one has taken.
  D．Walking can reduce risk for high blood pressure，heart disease，diabetes and the Alzzheimer's.
  （3）The underlined phrase "wonder drug" means

  .
  A．something that makes people live longer
  B．something that helps people walk faster
  C．something that confuses people
  D．something that has multiple benefits
  （4）Which of the following is the appropriate headline for this passage？

  
  A．7000 steps.
  B．How to extend your lifespan.
  C．The benefits of physical health.
  D．walking and its restrictions.
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

• 12．學(xué)習(xí)如何維持預(yù)算，在買東西前比較價(jià)格，甚至快速支付賬單，都是讓青少年在經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立的事情。（maintain）
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.9

  解析

VI. Guided WritingDirections：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

• 13．假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李明，最近你所在社區(qū)的圖書館正在招募志愿者，暑期來(lái)圖書館服務(wù)，負(fù)責(zé)接待來(lái)館借閱的外籍人士。你有意報(bào)名，寫一封申請(qǐng)信給圖書館，內(nèi)容須包括：
  1）你的意愿；
  2）你認(rèn)為自己適合這一志愿者工作的理由。
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.5

  解析