2022年北京市延慶區(qū)高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷

第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 1．Joel Boyers and his wife，Melody Among，were heading home from the Nashville airport after she just earned her helicopter's（直升飛機(jī)） pilot license when he received a（1）

  from a stranger in Pennsylvania.The person told him that many people were trapped in（2）

  ，60 miles from Nashville.
     Boyers，41，looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds，"No one will fly..." But even（3）

  he finished the sentence，Boyers knew they would go back up.Soon，they were in the air，（4）

  for what they were about to experience in Waverly.
     As Boyers flew the helicopter，Among searched for people stuck atop roofs，bridges，anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter and get them onboard.Suddenly she（5）

  a girl grasping a tree which was barely out of the water.One hand holding a tree branch，the other held a dog she'd rescued earlier，she was completely wet and（6）

  .
     Since there was no place for Boyers to land，he（7）

  the helicopter until it was just above the water.With the rescue rope，Among helped the teen and dog aboard.Boyers（8）

  lifted off.Avoiding the tree and power lines，he（9）

  off the teen and the dog on a safe street，then back in the air.Their mission ended 90 minutes after it began，when professional rescue helicopters showed up.
      Though the experience was（10）

  ，Boyers did make this admission "It was almost a little fun."
  
  

  （1）	A．complaint	B．letter	C．program	D．call
  （2）	A．fog	B．snow	C．flood	D．fire
  （3）	A．before	B．when	C．until	D．since
  （4）	A．provided	B．unprepared	C．looked	D．hoped
  （5）	A．picked	B．pushed	C．guided	D．spotted
  （6）	A．exhausted	B．bored	C．puzzled	D．embarrassed
  （7）	A．placed	B．lowered	C．took	D．loaded
  （8）	A．slightly	B．hardly	C．quietly	D．carefully
  （9）	A．took	B．got	C．dropped	D．laid
  （10）	A．frightening	B．exciting	C．fascinating	D．boring
  組卷：21引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

• 2．One day，I noticed a bird fly in and out of the letterbox.Looking closely inside I saw that she（1）

  （build）a nest.A few weeks later she had laid eggs and sat（2）

  （patient） on them.I tried opening the letterbox， （3）

  made the bird angry.So I gave her permission and a peaceful stay.In the following weeks，three chicks hatched.About four weeks later her（4）

  （baby） left the nest and I was able to reclaim my property and clean out the letterbox.
      Amazon invited some customers to preview the new grocery store format developed in California.The Amazon Fresh store in Woodland Hills（5）

  （design） to reach a broader part of shoppers than the pricier Whole Foods Market chain，（6）

  （signal） its intention to become a significant player in the huge grocery business.It also marks a new stage when Amazon competes with larger grocery chains，Walmart，which expanded features and services to make shopping（7）

  （convenience）.
      Tao Xingzhi proposed "unity of teaching，learning and reflective acting." As a Chinese educator，he was called the "teacher of teachers". （8）

  （bear）in Anhui province in 1891，Tao studied at Columbia University，US，in 1914.There he studied educational philosophy（9）

  the guidance of John Dewey，an educational reformer. （10）

  he returned to China，he began his own career.For Tao，education is an active process in real-life experience rather than one of telling and being told.
  組卷：24引用：1難度：0.9

  解析

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選頊中，選出最佳佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 3．Volunteer abroad with the UN Are you ready to become an international UN Volunteer？You can contribute your time，skills and knowledge through volunteering with the UN.This is an opportunity to create a positive impact and be a significant force for achieving peace and development.Make a difference to the lives of many!
     Why volunteer with the UN
     ● International UN Volunteers promote peace and development in communities around the globe，while upholding the ideals and ambitions of the United Nations.
     ● International UN Volunteers come from 160 countries，representing many cultures and backgrounds.They bring a wide variety of viewpoints and approaches.
     ● Your international UN Volunteer assignment will make a lasting impact.It can create a ripple effect that extends far beyond the immediate results of your efforts.
     ● As an international UN Volunteer，you will learn about different cultures，expand your networks，study foreign languages and gain matchless professional and life experiences.
     Requirements
     ● The minimum requirements to serve as an international UN Volunteer are：25 years old and older （no upper age limit）：university degree or higher technical diploma；
     ● At least two years of relevant work experience in a professional background；good work knowledge of English，Spanish or French；
     ● Commitment to the values and principles of volunteerism；ability to work in a multicultural environment；willingness to work with people and local organizations；
     ● Ability to adjust in difficult living conditions and sometimes remote locations；strong interpersonal and organizational skills.
     Conditions of Service
     ● international UN Volunteer assignments generally run for six to 12 months，with the possibility of extending for one to two years.
     ● Short-term assignments are also requested by our partners from time to time.International UN Volunteers are entitled to certain allowances.
     ● Allowances are in no way to be understood as a compensation，reward or salary in exchange for the volunteer work.
     ● The purpose of allowances for volunteers is to enable them to sustain a secure standard of living in their duty stations.
  
  （1）As an international UN Volunteer，you can

  .
  A．Promote peace and development of UN
  B．a(chǎn)ffect UN immediately
  C．obtain professional experiences
  D．teach foreign languages
  （2）According to the passage，applicants are required to

  .
  A．be at most 25 years old
  B．have international work experience
  C．hold a university degree in technology
  D．a(chǎn)dapt to difficult living environment
  （3）What can help volunteers to maintain a secure standard of living？

  
  A．Assignments.
  B．Allowances.
  C．Commitment.
  D．Knowledge.
  組卷：7引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共1小題；第（1）（2）題各2分，第（3）題3分，第（4）題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

• 8．Tips for Dealing with Seasonal Affective Disorder Seasonal affective disorder（SAD）is a type of depression that sets in or starts in the winter months.Unlike other types of depression，it may improve as spring comes on.It is often a periodic recurring disorder-you'll feel depressed every winter and begin to feel better each spring.SAD depression is caused by lowered levels of serotonin（血清素），the mood-affecting brain chemical that is caused by seasonal changes in daylight.Shorter days may also disrupt the body's biological clock，which upsets the balance of melatonin（褪黑激素），the hormone which regulates mood and sleep patterns.
      Seasonal affective disorder is far more common in northern climates，where days can be very short in winter.SAD affects more women than men and is more likely to occur in people under age 40 than those older than that.
      Although any amount of outdoor light can help raise serotonin levels，getting light in the morning seems to offer the most benefit.If the weather permits，take a walk.In your home or office，try sitting close to a window that faces south.Replacing light bulbs in your home with full spectrum light bulbs can help because they give out light similar to sunlight.
      Studies have shown that increasing your exercise routine can counteract SAD.Exercise raises levels of serotonin.Moderate exercise，which means neither too much nor too little exercise，such as walking，riding a stationary bike or swimming is a great way to get started.But any activities that raise your heart rate，including daily chores，can help，especially if you can do them outdoors or near a sunny window.Yoga，jogging and Tai chi can all help lift your mood.
      Year-end panic refers to the self-blame and overall feeling of panic brought about by the approach of the year's end，often due to a poor financial year and pressure from work and family.Psychological experts suggest that we should avoid peer competition.While.
      If life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don't even recognize that they could be different.Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.
      This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works-and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap：
      People are given a box of tacks（大頭釘）and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically，the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax（石蠟）.The tacks are too short，and the candle doesn't fasten to the wall.So how can you accomplish the task？The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder.You empty it，tack it to the wall，and stand the candle inside it.
      To think of that，you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose.That is difficult because we all suffer-to one degree or another-from functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society.The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.In Arendt's eyes，the complacent reliance on such accepted "truths" also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview，even when there was ample evidence for them.Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence，she said，"It can be found in highly intelligent people."
      Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine.If you land in the hospital，it's natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff.But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association （JAMA），you'd be better off being treated by the relative novices.
  
  （1）What does "functional fixedness" mean？

  
  （2）How is the candle attached to the wall？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain way.
      Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people as well as those with high IQ although frozen thinking has much to do with intelligence.

  
  （4）How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life？ （In about 40 words）
  組卷：17引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

第二節(jié)（20分）

• 9．假定你是李華。你的外國(guó)朋友Jim發(fā)來(lái)郵件祝賀第24屆冬奧會(huì)在你的家鄉(xiāng)舉行，并詢問(wèn)冬奧期間給你留下印象最深刻的事件或人物。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件。內(nèi)容包括：
  1.表達(dá)感謝；
  2.介紹一件事或一個(gè)人。
  注意：
  1.詞數(shù)100左右；
  2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  Dear Jim，
  ____________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：18引用：1難度：0.4

  解析