2021-2022學(xué)年江蘇省揚(yáng)州市寶應(yīng)縣曹甸高級(jí)中學(xué)高一（下）第二次月考英語(yǔ)試卷

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

• 1．Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment，and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.But recently some "green truths" have been shown to be only half true，or even completely false.Here are some common ones.Which are really green？
     It's better to take a shower than a bath.
     It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower，you'll use as much water as in a bath----about 50 litres of water.Therefore，the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
     Eating local food is good for the environment.
     It seems like common sense：eating local food should be better for the environment，because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport.Unfortunately，it is not that simple.In some cases，local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away.
      ______________
     When we tun off a device，such as television，it goes into stand-by mode.Devices in this mode still use power，and older devices in stand-by mode can use even more.This happens because electricity continues to leak from the device，even when it is turned "off".To make sure your appliances are in fact off，remove the plug from its power supply.
     Environmental awareness is now part of daily life.But it's worth checking common ideas and opinions to see what's really green.
  
  （1）What food is more environmentally friendly？

  
  A．It all depends.
  B．None of them.
  C．Local produce.
  D．Non-native food.
  （2）Which of the following best suits the blank？

  
  A．When you turn off a device，it still uses power.
  B．When you tun off a device，it stops using power.
  C．Unplugging a device is better than turning off a device.
  D．Going into stand-by mode is better than turning off a device.
  （3）Why does the author write this passage？

  
  A．To tell the truth about some "green truths".
  B．To call on people to protect the environment.
  C．To explain the significance of energy-saving.
  D．To present some practical ways to reduce waste.
  組卷：6引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

• 2．Some dogs are exceptional.Take Chaser，an American border collie（邊境牧羊犬）regarded as the "smartest dog in the world"，who could recognize and remember 1，022 nouns-one for each of her toys.In Germany，another border collie，a male named Rico，practiced "fast-mapping"，or figuring out the names of new things with the speed and cleverness of a three-year-old child.
     Yet such examples of dog genius are often "about only one dog"，says Claudia Fugazza，an ethologist who studies dog cognition（認(rèn)知）at Budapest's Eotvos Lorand University.She and her colleagues asked owners of 34 pet dogs of various breeds（品種）to teach their dogs names for two separate toys.Out of those 34 animals，only one dog passed the test-a border collie named Oliva. "These results mean talent must be something special，" says Fugazza，lead author of a new study on the experiment.
     The scientists looked for dos owners worldwide via social media，then asked them to play fetch with their dogs daily in their homes while repeating the name of the toy，a process that lasted three months.Once a month，with a scientist present，the owners tested the dogs-the study participants included both adults and little dogs—by asking the dogs to fetch one of two toys by name.Dogs that succeeded were then given a new toy and new name to learn.Despite the intensive training，only Oliva learned to match a single word to a toy-in fact，she learned 21 names in two months.
     "None of the breeds learned a thing.It was such a surprise，" Fugazza says，To check if the study design worked，the scientists also tested six border collies that could already fetch some toys by name；as predicted，all six of those control dogs，including a dog named Nina，learned additional names.
     It's interesting that 18 of the 33 dogs that failed the test were also border collies，F(xiàn)ugazza points out，showing that the breed isn't always high performing.
     Because of such individual difference，the scientists next plan to track the genetics（基因）and history of a variety of dog breeds to try to identify the factors that produce such smart creatures.
  
  （1）Which of the following is recognized as the smartest dog in the world？

  
  A．Chaser.
  B．Rico.
  C．Oliva.
  D．Nina.
  （2）What can we know about the test led by Fugazza？

  
  A．15 dogs successfully passed the test.
  B．The participants included only adult dogs.
  C．The participants were dogs of different breeds.
  D．There were altogether 18 border collies in 33 dogs.
  （3）What do scientists plan to do next？

  
  A．Train different dogs to become smart.
  B．Research what can influence dogs' gift.
  C．Find which breed of dog is the smartest.
  D．How to teach dogs to learn new words.
  （4）Where is this text most likely from？

  
  A．A diary.
  B．A guide book.
  C．A novel.
  D．A science magazine.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

• 3．If you have to attend a party or other social events where a lot of people will be presents do you feel confident that you will make a good impression on others？Or do you feel shy？In any case，you should increase your confidence at social events.
     Whenever you are meeting new people at any social event，you should wear proper clothes.Before you attend the events try to find out how other people will be dressing.If everyone else is wearing business clothes，you should，too.If the event is informal（不拘禮節(jié)的），you should wear informal clothes so that you can fit in.
     If you are going to meet people from a certain business or profession，try looking through a few professional magazines or checking on the Internet ahead of time to get some conversation ideas that are related to their fields of interest.This can prevent you getting tongue-tied at the event.
     When you are at the event，don't worry about whether or not other people you are talking with like you.Instead，try your best to find reasons to like them.When you are making conversation with people，be sure to keep good eye contact，and make your facial expression soft.Nod to show you're listening.Let your face and body relax so that you can make natural gestures.
     After the event is over，take a bit of time to think of your social performance and the conversation you had with people.Tell yourself exactly what you did very well at the event.For example，perhaps you made a big effort to really listen to the people you were talking with，or you may have asked several people some good questions that really got them talking.
      By doing so，your conversation confidence will gradually improve.
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "profession" mean in the third paragraph？

  
  A．Record.
  B．History.
  C．Career.
  D．Society.
  （2）What should you avoid at a social event according to paragraph 4？

  
  A．Keeping eye contact with others.
  B．Wearing informal clothes and shoes.
  C．Caring too much about others' opinions.
  D．Nodding now and then to show your interest.
  （3）What's the right thing to do after you come back from a social party？

  
  A．Keep in touch with the people you met.
  B．Consider the good job in your performance.
  C．Prepare some good questions for next event.
  D．Think about how to improve conversation skills.
  （4）What's the best title of the text？

  
  A．How to Take Part in Social Events
  B．How to Be More Confident at Social Events
  C．How to Use Body Languages at Social Events
  D．How to Avoid Making Mistakes at Social Events
  組卷：8引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．What makes a human being？Is it our thoughts？Our emotions？Our behavior？
  All of these things make us who we are，but at the center of the matter is the genome（基因組）—the genes inside our bodies that may determine everything from our hair colour to our intelligence.But if we could change our genome，what would it mean to us？
     In an online video posted on Nov 26，He Jiankui，a biological researcher from Southern University of Science and Technology in China，said that he had helped to make the world's first genetically edited babies.
     These are twin girls，born in November，with genes edited in an attempt to help them fight against possible future infection（感染）with the AIDS virus.
     He said that he chose to do this because HIV infections are a big problem in China. "I feel such a strong responsibility that it's not just to make a first，but also to set an example，" He told the Associated Press（AP）.
     The announcement has caused an international storm.Some believe that success will benefit the families of HIV patients.Considering that HIV is "a major and growing public health threat，" attempted gene editing for HIV is justifiable，Harvard Medical School genetics professor George Church told AP.
     However，others think that gene editing technology is still unsafe to attempt.
     "Gene editing itself is experimental and is still associated with unexpected mutations（突變），causing genetic problems early and later in life，including the development of cancer，" Julian Savulescu，a specialist in ethics at the University of Oxford，told BBC News.
     Others fear that this could open the door to using gene editing technology to make designer babies.It might give the parents the choices to choose everything from their baby's eye color to intelligence.
  "You could find wealthy parents buying the latest 'upgrades' for their children，leading to even greater inequality than we already live with， " Marcy Darnovsky，director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics，told BBC News.
     However，Merlin Crossley，a biologist at the University of New South Wales，Australia，believes that's a long way off.According to him，many genes produce qualities like height and intelligence—not to mention environmental influences.
     And he believes the technology will be better controlled in the future.
     "It's hard to get genies（妖怪）back into bottles—but I'm optimistic that this technology，which I think of as 'genetic surgery'，could be controlled quite effectively in the future，" Crossley told ABC News.
  
  （1）Why did He Jiankui make the genetically edited babies？

  
  A．Because he wanted to be a leader in gene editing technology.
  B．Because he tried to do his part in fighting against HIV infection.
  C．Because he attempted to help the twin girls who were infected with AIDS.
  D．Because he wanted to became the first to make the genetically edited babies in the world.
  （2）For those who are against gene editing technology，their reasons are as follows EXCEPT

  .
  A．Gene editing can cause genetic problems sooner or later in life
  B．Gene editing may widen the gap between the rich and the poor
  C．Gene editing may enable wealthy parents to design their babies
  D．Gene editing can determine everything inside a person's body
  （3）What does the underlined word "justifiable" in paragraph 6 probably mean？

  
  A．Absurd.
  B．Hopeless.
  C．Acceptable.
  D．Skilful.
  （4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？

  
  A．Gene editing：the genie in the bottle.
  B．Gene editing：the way we should go.
  C．Gene editing：hope or fear for human beings.
  D．Gene editing：a great success in human history.
  組卷：0引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)七選五（共1小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 5．As we all know，exercise provides a wealth of benefits. （1）

  .In the same way that it benefits the muscles of your body.Regular exercise can strengthen your brain，too!By using your mind in new ways，you can improve your memory well into old age and reduce your risk of Alzheimer's （老年癡呆癥） disease.
     Recent studies have found that the best thing you can do for your brain is to keep learning new things. （2）

  .The first one is the physical activity that keeps your body in good working order，like walking and weight training.The second one，passive activity，includes socializing，and listening to music.It's the activity in the third group，however，that really sharps your brain.This activity includes reading，writing，and puzzle-solving.
     Studies have shown that people who are less mentally active in their younger years are more likely to develop Alzheimer's. （3）

  .By taking up a new hobby such as painting，cooking or a game like chess，you can provide your brain with a serious workout.
     （4）

  Studies have shown that fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants （抗氧化劑） can help keep an aging brain in good shape.Foods that are high in B vitamins can also help keep the mind sharp.These foods include beans，fish and dark leafy greens.
     Americans are living longer than ever，and it just makes sense to prepare your mind for the old age.Taking a few key steps can make all the difference. （5）

  .
  
  A.Experts divide activities into three types.
  B.It makes you stronger and more energetic.
  C.You can also eat your way to a healthy brain.
  D.You should decide what activities you would like to do.
  E.Experts suggest that healthy eating can prevent memory loss.
  F.In other words，you're never too young to give your mind a workout.
  G.So let's try something new，learn new skills，and keep your brain firing.
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分22.5分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題：滿分22.5分）

• 6．Last year，I told my family that I didn't want or need anything for my birthday.Instead，I（1）

  them to think of a way to share a（2）

  in their world for me.My husband and my daughter did something different，but（3）

  .
     The week of my birthday my husband went to a local cafe and told a waitress that he wanted to（4）

  pay for the breakfast of a family.The waitress was（5）

  and said it was her last day at work there and this had never（6）

  .When the family finished eating，the waitress told them their（7）

  had been paid.The mom started crying and the dad stood up，trying to（8）

  who might have done it，but my husband was outside（9）

  the whole thing.He told me he had such a wonderful（10）

  in his heart and he would like to（11）

  it a few more times.
     My daughter was on a tight budget（手頭很緊） so she（12）

  the week smiling more at people，and letting someone go before her at the market.She just took the time during my birthday week to slow down and be（13）

  and kind to a stranger and her co-workers.
     When we finally all got together for Mother's Day and my birthday，everyone was in tears as each person（14）

  what they had done.As you can see，it was the（15）

  birthday ever!
  
  

  （1）	A．wanted	B．encouraged	C．ordered	D．permitted
  （2）	A．story	B．feeling	C．kindness	D．responsibility
  （3）	A．crazy	B．wonderful	C．interesting	D．silly
  （4）	A．partly	B．normally	C．quickly	D．secretly
  （5）	A．frightened	B．satisfied	C．surprised	D．disappointed
  （6）	A．failed	B．mattered	C．existed	D．happened
  （7）	A．coffee	B．bill	C．money	D．lunch
  （8）	A．find out	B．look after	C．think of	D．look on
  （9）	A．watching	B．listening	C．a(chǎn)sking	D．telling
  （10）	A．feeling	B．day	C．experience	D．idea
  （11）	A．say	B．discuss	C．do	D．cost
  （12）	A．wasted	B．found	C．took	D．spent
  （13）	A．healthy	B．simply	C．honest	D．friendly
  （14）	A．shared	B．practiced	C．recorded	D．watched
  （15）	A．biggest	B．longest	C．best	D．quietest
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

第三部分句子填空（每題3分，滿分30分）根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)句子，在空格里填上合適的單詞，使整個(gè)句子句意完整，語(yǔ)法正確。

• 18．我可以減少每天花在智能手機(jī)上的時(shí)間，而且我也就是這么做的。
  I can

  the amount of time I spent on my smartphone everyday，and I do.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.8

  解析

第四部分應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（滿分25分）

• 19．假設(shè)你是李華，你在美國(guó)夏令營(yíng)認(rèn)識(shí)的朋友Jason給你來(lái)信說(shuō)他最近沉迷于電腦難以控制。請(qǐng)你給他回一封信，告訴他網(wǎng)癮可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致成績(jī)下降、健康狀況惡化、損害家庭關(guān)系等問(wèn)題，并提出一些建議。
  參考詞匯：沉溺于：be/become addicted to 網(wǎng)癮：Internet addiction
  Dear Jason，
  _____________________________________
      Looking forward to your early reply.
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：9引用：2難度：0.5

  解析